路由器学习之静态路由实验
使用eNSP模拟器，学习IP路由原理、静态路由基本配置，并深入分析静态路由，完成浮动路由实验。
实验拓扑图如下：
按照拓扑图依次配置客户端和路由器，其中路由器配置如下：
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<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]qu
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.12.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]qu
[R1]interface Serial 1/0/0
[R1-Serial1/0/0]ip address 192.168.13.1 24
[R1-Serial1/0/0]qu
[R1]dis ip interface brief
……
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.1/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.1/24 up up
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
Serial1/0/0 192.168.13.1/24 up up
Serial1/0/1 unassigned down down
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 192.168.12.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 Serial 1/0/0 192.168.13.3
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<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.12.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]qu
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.24.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]qu
[R2]dis ip interface brief
……
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.2/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.24.2/24 up up
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 192.168.24.4
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 192.168.12.1
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<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]interface Serial 1/0/0
[R3-Serial1/0/0]ip address 192.168.13.3 24
[R3-Serial1/0/0]qu
[R3]interface Serial 1/0/1
[R3-Serial1/0/1]ip address 192.168.34.3 24
[R3-Serial1/0/1]qu
[R3]dis ip interface brief
……
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
Serial1/0/0 192.168.13.3/24 up up
Serial1/0/1 192.168.34.3/24 up up
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 Serial 1/0/1 192.168.34.4
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 Serial 1/0/0 192.168.13.1
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<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys R4
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.24.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]qu
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.4.1 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]qu
[R4]interface Serial 1/0/0
[R4-Serial1/0/0]ip address 192.168.34.4 24
[R4-Serial1/0/0]qu
[R4]dis ip interface brief
……
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.24.4/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.4.1/24 up up
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
Serial1/0/0 192.168.34.4/24 up up
Serial1/0/1 unassigned down down
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 192.168.24.2
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 Serial 1/0/0 192.168.34.3
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此时client1、client2、client3、client4就可以相互ping通。
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下面配置浮动路由，即正常情况数据经过AR2转发，在AR2出现异常，AR3能继续数据转发，正常通信。
（配置后，使用dis ip routing-table、dis fib看不到浮动路由设置，通过dis ip routing-table protocol static 或者dis ip routing-table verbose才可以看得到浮动路由）
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[R1]dis cu
……
#
ip route-static 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.2
ip route-static 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0/0 192.168.13.3 preference 80
#
[R1]undo ip route-static 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0/0 192.168.13.3 preference 80
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0/0 192.168.13.3 preference 80 preference 80
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[R4]dis cu
……
#
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.24.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0/0 192.168.34.3
#
[R4]undo ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0/0 192.168.34.3
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0/0 192.168.34.3 preference 80
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然后通过AR2断电演示，路由切换情况。
