刚刚读完一篇关于拼音查询的文章“用户输入查询与拼音首字母的结合，提高用户的操作体验 ”（http://www.cnblogs.com/wuhuacong/archive/2010/01/25/1655916.html） ；博主提出的方法很好的解决的拼音查询的功能。
我以前在做拼音查询这一块的时候，我的思路是这样的，在表中建立一个字段，专门用来存储要查询字段的拼音代码，但这样会出现两种比较可怕的问题，第一，当数据量过大时，会出现不可估计的冗余数据，第二，对要查询的字段必须固定，比如我开始设计了按会员姓名进行查询，就要先建立一个与姓名与之对应的姓名拼音字段，但在系统使用当中，客户要提出也可以通过会员的住址来进行查询，这下是不是会出现在很大的麻烦了呢？但博主的这种方法可以很好的解决这一问题，而且我还在他这基础之上做了更深一步的改进。
他的思路是这样，先在数据建立一个函数，函数功能是返回已知的字符串首字母，然后通过一个子查询方法查询出条件与字符串或字符串首字母相符合的内容，
他的函数如下：
代码
GO
create function [dbo].f_GetPy(@str nvarchar(4000))
returns nvarchar(4000)
as
begin
declare @strlen int,@re nvarchar(4000)
declare @t table(chr nchar(1) collate Chinese_PRC_CI_AS,letter nchar(1))
insert into @t(chr,letter)
select '吖 ', 'A ' union all select '八 ', 'B ' union all
select '嚓 ', 'C ' union all select '咑 ', 'D ' union all
select '妸 ', 'E ' union all select '发 ', 'F ' union all
select '旮 ', 'G ' union all select '铪 ', 'H ' union all
select '丌 ', 'J ' union all select '咔 ', 'K ' union all
select '垃 ', 'L ' union all select '嘸 ', 'M ' union all
select '拏 ', 'N ' union all select '噢 ', 'O ' union all
select '妑 ', 'P ' union all select '七 ', 'Q ' union all
select '呥 ', 'R ' union all select '仨 ', 'S ' union all
select '他 ', 'T ' union all select '屲 ', 'W ' union all
select '夕 ', 'X ' union all select '丫 ', 'Y ' union all
select '帀 ', 'Z '
select @strlen=len(@str),@re= ' '
while @strlen> 0
begin
select top 1 @re=letter+@re,@strlen=@strlen-1
from @t a where chr <=substring(@str,@strlen,1)
order by chr desc
if @@rowcount=0
select @re=substring(@str,@strlen,1)+@re,@strlen=@strlen-1
end
return(@re)
end
查询语句如下：
Select * from (Select 字段名 from 表名 where 字段名 like '%关键字串%' or [dbo].f_GetPy(字段名) like '%关键字符串%' ) as a
如此以来我们便可以通过中文和汉字首字母进行查询了，如下所示：
当我们需要查询“超市停车场”时，我们可以直接查询“停车场”，如图所示：
当然为了方便起见，我们可以直接输入汉字的首字母进行查询，这样可以大大提高用户操作的方便性，在这里我们只需输入“tcc”，这样也可以找到“超市停车场”，如图所示：
以让用户查询时操作方便，而且能够很准备的查询出结果呢？
好，我来谈谈我的方法，
首先我们可以肯定的是通过输入字母的方试很大程度提高了用户操作的灵活性和快捷性，但如果只输入首字母的话，会出现很多不必要的信息，用拼音输入法的朋友可能深有其感，我们可以借鉴拼音输入法那样，汉字的完整或部分拼音与汉字首字母相结合，就像拼音输入法那样，很快的就找到想要的结果，现在我们就来实现我们的方法吧！
方法基本和博主一样，只是函数和查询语句稍做修改，
函数主要是将原本获取汉字首字母的方法，改为获取汉字完整拼音，函数如下：
代码
--sql汉字转拼音
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
create function [dbo].[fn_GetPinyin](@words nvarchar(2000))
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @word nchar(1)
declare @pinyin varchar(8000)
declare @i int
declare @words_len int
declare @unicode int
set @i = 1
set @words = ltrim(rtrim(@words))
set @words_len = len(@words)
while (@i <= @words_len) --循环取字符
begin
set @word = substring(@words, @i, 1)
set @unicode = unicode(@word)
set @pinyin = ISNULL(@pinyin+space(1),'')+
(case when unicode(@word) between 19968 and 19968+20901 then
(select top 1 py from (
select 'a' as py,N'厑' as word
union all select 'ai',N'靉'
union all select 'an',N'黯'
union all select 'ang',N'醠'
union all select 'ao',N'驁'
union all select 'ba',N'欛'
union all select 'bai',N'瓸' --韛兡瓸
union all select 'ban',N'瓣'
union all select 'bang',N'鎊'
union all select 'bao',N'鑤'
union all select 'bei',N'鐾'
union all select 'ben',N'輽'
union all select 'beng',N'鏰'
union all select 'bi',N'鼊'
union all select 'bian',N'變'
union all select 'biao',N'鰾'
union all select 'bie',N'彆'
union all select 'bin',N'鬢'
union all select 'bing',N'靐'
union all select 'bo',N'蔔'
union all select 'bu',N'簿'
union all select 'ca',N'囃'
union all select 'cai',N'乲' --縩乲
union all select 'can',N'爘'
union all select 'cang',N'賶'
union all select 'cao',N'鼜'
union all select 'ce',N'簎'
union all select 'cen',N'笒'
union all select 'ceng',N'乽' --硛硳岾猠乽
union all select 'cha',N'詫'
union all select 'chai',N'囆'
union all select 'chan',N'顫'
union all select 'chang',N'韔'
union all select 'chao',N'觘'
union all select 'che',N'爡'
union all select 'chen',N'讖'
union all select 'cheng',N'秤'
union all select 'chi',N'鷘'
union all select 'chong',N'銃'
union all select 'chou',N'殠'
union all select 'chu',N'矗'
union all select 'chuai',N'踹'
union all select 'chuan',N'鶨'
union all select 'chuang',N'愴'
union all select 'chui',N'顀'
union all select 'chun',N'蠢'
union all select 'chuo',N'縒'
union all select 'ci',N'嗭' --賜嗭
union all select 'cong',N'謥'
union all select 'cou',N'輳'
union all select 'cu',N'顣'
union all select 'cuan',N'爨'
union all select 'cui',N'臎'
union all select 'cun',N'籿'
union all select 'cuo',N'錯'
union all select 'da',N'橽'
union all select 'dai',N'靆'
union all select 'dan',N'饏'
union all select 'dang',N'闣'
union all select 'dao',N'纛'
union all select 'de',N'的'
union all select 'den',N'扽'
union all select 'deng',N'鐙'
union all select 'di',N'螮'
union all select 'dia',N'嗲'
union all select 'dian',N'驔'
union all select 'diao',N'鑃'
union all select 'die',N'嚸' --眰嚸
union all select 'ding',N'顁'
union all select 'diu',N'銩'
union all select 'dong',N'霘'
union all select 'dou',N'鬭'
union all select 'du',N'蠹'
union all select 'duan',N'叾' --籪叾
union all select 'dui',N'譵'
union all select 'dun',N'踲'
union all select 'duo',N'鵽'
union all select 'e',N'鱷'
union all select 'en',N'摁'
union all select 'eng',N'鞥'
union all select 'er',N'樲'
union all select 'fa',N'髮'
union all select 'fan',N'瀪'
union all select 'fang',N'放'
union all select 'fei',N'靅'
union all select 'fen',N'鱝'
union all select 'feng',N'覅'
union all select 'fo',N'梻'
union all select 'fou',N'鴀'
union all select 'fu',N'猤' --鰒猤
union all select 'ga',N'魀'
union all select 'gai',N'瓂'
union all select 'gan',N'灨'
union all select 'gang',N'戇'
union all select 'gao',N'鋯'
union all select 'ge',N'獦'
union all select 'gei',N'給'
union all select 'gen',N'搄'
union all select 'geng',N'堩' --亙堩啹喼嗰
union all select 'gong',N'兣' --熕贑兝兣
union all select 'gou',N'購'
union all select 'gu',N'顧'
union all select 'gua',N'詿'
union all select 'guai',N'恠'
union all select 'guan',N'鱹'
union all select 'guang',N'撗'
union all select 'gui',N'鱥'
union all select 'gun',N'謴'
union all select 'guo',N'腂'
union all select 'ha',N'哈'
union all select 'hai',N'饚'
union all select 'han',N'鶾'
union all select 'hang',N'沆'
union all select 'hao',N'兞'
union all select 'he',N'靏'
union all select 'hei',N'嬒'
union all select 'hen',N'恨'
union all select 'heng',N'堼' --堼囍
union all select 'hong',N'鬨'
union all select 'hou',N'鱟'
union all select 'hu',N'鸌'
union all select 'hua',N'蘳'
union all select 'huai',N'蘾'
union all select 'huan',N'鰀'
union all select 'huang',N'鎤'
union all select 'hui',N'顪'
union all select 'hun',N'諢'
union all select 'huo',N'夻'
union all select 'ji',N'驥'
union all select 'jia',N'嗧'
union all select 'jian',N'鑳'
union all select 'jiang',N'謽'
union all select 'jiao',N'釂'
union all select 'jie',N'繲'
union all select 'jin',N'齽'
union all select 'jing',N'竸'
union all select 'jiong',N'蘔'
union all select 'jiu',N'欍'
union all select 'ju',N'爠'
union all select 'juan',N'羂'
union all select 'jue',N'钁'
union all select 'jun',N'攈'
union all select 'ka',N'鉲'
union all select 'kai',N'乫' --鎎乫
union all select 'kan',N'矙'
union all select 'kang',N'閌'
union all select 'kao',N'鯌'
union all select 'ke',N'騍'
union all select 'ken',N'褃'
union all select 'keng',N'鏗' --巪乬唟厼怾
union all select 'kong',N'廤'
union all select 'kou',N'鷇'
union all select 'ku',N'嚳'
union all select 'kua',N'骻'
union all select 'kuai',N'鱠'
union all select 'kuan',N'窾'
union all select 'kuang',N'鑛'
union all select 'kui',N'鑎'
union all select 'kun',N'睏'
union all select 'kuo',N'穒'
union all select 'la',N'鞡'
union all select 'lai',N'籟'
union all select 'lan',N'糷'
union all select 'lang',N'唥'
union all select 'lao',N'軂'
union all select 'le',N'餎'
union all select 'lei',N'脷' --嘞脷
union all select 'leng',N'睖'
union all select 'li',N'瓈'
union all select 'lia',N'倆'
union all select 'lian',N'纞'
union all select 'liang',N'鍄'
union all select 'liao',N'瞭'
union all select 'lie',N'鱲'
union all select 'lin',N'轥' --轥拎
union all select 'ling',N'炩'
union all select 'liu',N'咯' --瓼甅囖咯
union all select 'long',N'贚'
union all select 'lou',N'鏤'
union all select 'lu',N'氇'
union all select 'lv',N'鑢'
union all select 'luan',N'亂'
union all select 'lue',N'擽'
union all select 'lun',N'論'
union all select 'luo',N'鱳'
union all select 'ma',N'嘛'
union all select 'mai',N'霢'
union all select 'man',N'蘰'
union all select 'mang',N'蠎'
union all select 'mao',N'唜'
union all select 'me',N'癦' --癦呅
union all select 'mei',N'嚜'
union all select 'men',N'們'
union all select 'meng',N'霥' --霿踎
union all select 'mi',N'羃'
union all select 'mian',N'麵'
union all select 'miao',N'廟'
union all select 'mie',N'鱴' --鱴瓱
union all select 'min',N'鰵'
union all select 'ming',N'詺'
union all select 'miu',N'謬'
union all select 'mo',N'耱' --耱乮
union all select 'mou',N'麰' --麰蟱
union all select 'mu',N'旀'
union all select 'na',N'魶'
union all select 'nai',N'錼'
union all select 'nan',N'婻'
union all select 'nang',N'齉'
union all select 'nao',N'臑'
union all select 'ne',N'呢'
union all select 'nei',N'焾' --嫩焾
union all select 'nen',N'嫩'
union all select 'neng',N'能' --莻嗯鈪銰啱
union all select 'ni',N'嬺'
union all select 'nian',N'艌'
union all select 'niang',N'釀'
union all select 'niao',N'脲'
union all select 'nie',N'钀'
union all select 'nin',N'拰'
union all select 'ning',N'濘'
union all select 'niu',N'靵'
union all select 'nong',N'齈'
union all select 'nou',N'譳'
union all select 'nu',N'搙'
union all select 'nv',N'衄'
union all select 'nue',N'瘧'
union all select 'nuan',N'燶' --硸黁燶郍
union all select 'nuo',N'桛'
union all select 'o',N'鞰' --毮夞乯鞰
union all select 'ou',N'漚'
union all select 'pa',N'袙'
union all select 'pai',N'磗' --鎃磗
union all select 'pan',N'鑻'
union all select 'pang',N'胖'
union all select 'pao',N'礮'
union all select 'pei',N'轡'
union all select 'pen',N'喯'
union all select 'peng',N'喸' --浌巼闏乶喸
union all select 'pi',N'鸊'
union all select 'pian',N'騙'
union all select 'piao',N'慓'
union all select 'pie',N'嫳'
union all select 'pin',N'聘'
union all select 'ping',N'蘋'
union all select 'po',N'魄'
union all select 'pou',N'哛' --兺哛
union all select 'pu',N'曝'
union all select 'qi',N'蟿'
union all select 'qia',N'髂'
union all select 'qian',N'縴'
union all select 'qiang',N'瓩' --羻兛瓩
union all select 'qiao',N'躈'
union all select 'qie',N'籡'
union all select 'qin',N'藽'
union all select 'qing',N'櫦'
union all select 'qiong',N'瓗'
union all select 'qiu',N'糗'
union all select 'qu',N'覻'
union all select 'quan',N'勸'
union all select 'que',N'礭'
union all select 'qun',N'囕'
union all select 'ran',N'橪'
union all select 'rang',N'讓'
union all select 'rao',N'繞'
union all select 're',N'熱'
union all select 'ren',N'餁'
union all select 'reng',N'陾'
union all select 'ri',N'馹'
union all select 'rong',N'穃'
union all select 'rou',N'嶿'
union all select 'ru',N'擩'
union all select 'ruan',N'礝'
union all select 'rui',N'壡'
union all select 'run',N'橍' --橍挼
union all select 'ruo',N'鶸'
union all select 'sa',N'栍' --櫒栍
union all select 'sai',N'虄' --簺虄
union all select 'san',N'閐'
union all select 'sang',N'喪'
union all select 'sao',N'髞'
union all select 'se',N'飋' --裇聓
union all select 'sen',N'篸'
union all select 'seng',N'縇' --閪縇
union all select 'sha',N'霎'
union all select 'shai',N'曬'
union all select 'shan',N'鱔'
union all select 'shang',N'緔'
union all select 'shao',N'潲'
union all select 'she',N'欇'
union all select 'shen',N'瘮'
union all select 'sheng',N'賸'
union all select 'shi',N'瓧' --鰘齛兙瓧
union all select 'shou',N'鏉'
union all select 'shu',N'虪'
union all select 'shua',N'誜'
union all select 'shuai',N'卛'
union all select 'shuan',N'腨'
union all select 'shuang',N'灀'
union all select 'shui',N'睡'
union all select 'shun',N'鬊'
union all select 'shuo',N'鑠'
union all select 'si',N'乺' --瀃螦乺
union all select 'song',N'鎹'
union all select 'sou',N'瘶'
union all select 'su',N'鷫'
union all select 'suan',N'算'
union all select 'sui',N'鐩'
union all select 'sun',N'潠'
union all select 'suo',N'蜶'
union all select 'ta',N'襨' --躢襨
union all select 'tai',N'燤'
union all select 'tan',N'賧'
union all select 'tang',N'燙'
union all select 'tao',N'畓' --討畓
union all select 'te',N'蟘'
union all select 'teng',N'朰' --霯唞朰
union all select 'ti',N'趯'
union all select 'tian',N'舚'
union all select 'tiao',N'糶'
union all select 'tie',N'餮'
union all select 'ting',N'乭' --濎乭
union all select 'tong',N'憅'
union all select 'tou',N'透'
union all select 'tu',N'鵵'
union all select 'tuan',N'褖'
union all select 'tui',N'駾'
union all select 'tun',N'坉'
union all select 'tuo',N'籜'
union all select 'wa',N'韤'
union all select 'wai',N'顡'
union all select 'wan',N'贎'
union all select 'wang',N'朢'
union all select 'wei',N'躛'
union all select 'wen',N'璺'
union all select 'weng',N'齆'
union all select 'wo',N'齷'
union all select 'wu',N'鶩'
union all select 'xi',N'衋'
union all select 'xia',N'鏬'
union all select 'xian',N'鼸'
union all select 'xiang',N'鱌'
union all select 'xiao',N'斆'
union all select 'xie',N'躞'
union all select 'xin',N'釁'
union all select 'xing',N'臖'
union all select 'xiong',N'敻'
union all select 'xiu',N'齅'
union all select 'xu',N'蓿'
union all select 'xuan',N'贙'
union all select 'xue',N'瀥'
union all select 'xun',N'鑂'
union all select 'ya',N'齾'
union all select 'yan',N'灩'
union all select 'yang',N'樣'
union all select 'yao',N'鑰'
union all select 'ye',N'岃' --鸈膶岃
union all select 'yi',N'齸'
union all select 'yin',N'檼'
union all select 'ying',N'譍'
union all select 'yo',N'喲'
union all select 'yong',N'醟'
union all select 'you',N'鼬'
union all select 'yu',N'爩'
union all select 'yuan',N'願'
union all select 'yue',N'鸙'
union all select 'yun',N'韻'
union all select 'za',N'雥'
union all select 'zai',N'縡'
union all select 'zan',N'饡'
union all select 'zang',N'臟'
union all select 'zao',N'竈'
union all select 'ze',N'稄'
union all select 'zei',N'鱡'
union all select 'zen',N'囎'
union all select 'zeng',N'贈'
union all select 'zha',N'醡'
union all select 'zhai',N'瘵'
union all select 'zhan',N'驏'
union all select 'zhang',N'瞕'
union all select 'zhao',N'羄'
union all select 'zhe',N'鷓'
union all select 'zhen',N'黮'
union all select 'zheng',N'證'
union all select 'zhi',N'豒'
union all select 'zhong',N'諥'
union all select 'zhou',N'驟'
union all select 'zhu',N'鑄'
union all select 'zhua',N'爪'
union all select 'zhuai',N'跩'
union all select 'zhuan',N'籑'
union all select 'zhuang',N'戅'
union all select 'zhui',N'鑆'
union all select 'zhun',N'稕'
union all select 'zhuo',N'籱'
union all select 'zi',N'漬' --漬唨
union all select 'zong',N'縱'
union all select 'zou',N'媰'
union all select 'zu',N'謯'
union all select 'zuan',N'攥'
union all select 'zui',N'欈'
union all select 'zun',N'銌'
union all select 'zuo',N'咗') t
where word >= @word collate Chinese_PRC_CS_AS_KS_WS
order by word ASC) else @word end)
set @i = @i + 1
end
return @pinyin
END
GO
查询语句也差不多，只是将要查询的字符串之间的每一个字符用%号分隔起来而已。
好，现在我们下测试一下，看看查询结果，比如我们现在还是来查询“停车场”，我们不是输入“tcc”而输入"tingcc"，将第一个汉字改为全拼，现在我们来看看查询结果：
看现在是不是就尽可能的避免了不必要的数据呢？只是这样的话，在查询的速度上可能会受到很大的影响，特别是在数据量很大的时候，在此我将这个问题提出来，希望大家给予指点！谢谢
