修复 PyCharm 使用中文字符 Python 报错的完美解决方案 All In One

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修复 PyCharm 使用中文字符 Python 报错的完美解决方案 All In One

#_*_ coding:utf-8_*_

https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0263/

 

到python 的官网看了一下，找到了问题的根本原因！

1. python 默认使用 ASCII 作为标准编码格式；

2. python 指定字符编码格式的时候，必须使用以下3种方式之一：

   （不同系统，不同编辑器，可能不同，都实验一下就能找到了！）

   # coding=<encoding name>

   或

   #!/usr/bin/python

   # -*- coding: <encoding name> -*-

   或

   #!/usr/bin/python

   # vim: set fileencoding=<encoding name> :

3. 一定要把 指定编码格式的语句放在.py文件的第一/第二行，

   因为python 文件的第一/第二行必须要满足这个regular expression "^[ \t\v]*#.*?coding[:=][ \t]*([-_.a-zA-Z0-9]+)"
   

只要严格遵守以上的3点要求，就可以从根本上解决中文输出是报错的问题了！

第一种：

# coding= utf8

第二种：

#!/user/bin/python
# _*_coding: utf8 _*_

第三种：

#!/user/bin/python
# vim: set filecoding=utf8 :

https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0263/

Defining the Encoding （注意 空格）

    Python will default to ASCII as standard encoding if no other
    encoding hints are given.
To define a source code encoding, a magic comment must
be placed into the source files either as first or second
line in the file, such as:

     <span style="color: #00ff00;"> # coding=&lt;encoding name&gt;</span>

or (using formats recognized by popular editors)

      <span style="color: #00ff00;">#!/usr/bin/python
      # -*- coding: &lt;encoding name&gt; -*-</span>

or

      <span style="color: #00ff00;">#!/usr/bin/python
      # vim: set fileencoding=&lt;encoding name&gt; :</span>

More precisely, the first or second line must match the regular
expression "^[ \t\v]*#.*?coding[:=][ \t]*([-_.a-zA-Z0-9]+)".
The first group of this
expression is then interpreted as encoding name. If the encoding
is unknown to Python, an error is raised during compilation. There
must not be any Python statement on the line that contains the
encoding declaration.  If the first line matches the second line
is ignored.

To aid with platforms such as Windows, which add Unicode BOM marks
to the beginning of Unicode files, the UTF-8 signature
'\xef\xbb\xbf' will be interpreted as 'utf-8' encoding as well
(even if no magic encoding comment is given).

If a source file uses both the UTF-8 BOM mark signature and a
magic encoding comment, the only allowed encoding for the comment
is 'utf-8'.  Any other encoding will cause an error.

Examples

    These are some examples to clarify the different styles for
    defining the source code encoding at the top of a Python source
    file:
1. With <strong>interpreter binary</strong> and using <strong>Emacs style</strong> file encoding
   comment:

      <span style="color: #ff00ff;">#!/usr/bin/python
      # -*- coding: latin-1 -*-</span>
      import os, sys
      ...

      <span style="color: #ff00ff;">#!/usr/bin/python
      # -*- coding: iso-8859-15 -*-</span>
      import os, sys
      ...

      <span style="color: #ff00ff;">#!/usr/bin/python
      # -*- coding: ascii -*-</span>
      import os, sys
      ...

2. <strong>Without interpreter line</strong>, using plain text:

      # This Python file uses the following <span style="background-color: #ffff00;">encoding: utf-8</span>
      import os, sys
      ...

3. Text editors might <strong>have different ways</strong> of defining the file's
   encoding, e.g.

      #!/usr/<span style="background-color: #ffff00;"><strong>local</strong></span>/bin/python
      # coding: latin-1
      import os, sys
      ...

4. <strong>Without <span style="background-color: #ffff00;">encoding</span> comment</strong>, Python's parser will <strong>assume ASCII</strong>
   text:

      #!/usr/local/bin/python
      import os, sys
      ...

5. Encoding comments which don't work:

   <span style="background-color: #ffff00;">Missing "coding:" prefix:</span>

      #!/usr/local/bin/python
      # latin-1
      import os, sys
      ...

   <strong><span style="background-color: #ffff00;">Encoding comment not on line 1 or 2:</span></strong>

      #!/usr/local/bin/python
      #
     <span style="color: #ff0000;"> # -*- coding: latin-1 -*-</span>
      import os, sys
      ...

   <span style="background-color: #ffff00;">Unsupported encoding:</span>

      #!/usr/local/bin/python
      # -*- coding: <strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">utf-42</span></strong> -*-
      import os, sys
      ...

error

__author__ = 'xray'
# coding: utf8

# TempConvert.py
val = input("请输入带温度表示符号的温度值(例如: 32C): ")
if val[-1] in ['C', 'c']:
    f = 1.8 * float(val[0:-1]) + 32
    print("转换后的温度为: %.2fF" % f)
elif val[-1] in ['F', 'f']:
    c = (float(val[0:-1]) - 32) / 1.8
    print("转换后的温度为: %.2fC" % c)
else:
    print("输入有误")

('\n'
 '   # elif !== else if\n'
 '   #_*_ coding:cp936_*_\n'
 '## coding: utf8\n'
 '## coding: gbk\n'
)

'''
   # elif !== else if
   #_*_ coding:cp936_*_
## coding: utf8
## coding: gbk
'''

solution

# coding: utf8

# TempConvert.py
val = input("请输入带温度表示符号的温度值(例如: 32C): ")
if val[-1] in ['C','c']:
    f = 1.8 * float(val[0:-1]) + 32
    print("转换后的温度为: %.2fF"%f)
elif val[-1] in ['F','f']:
    c = (float(val[0:-1]) - 32) / 1.8
    print("转换后的温度为: %.2fC"%c)
else:
    print("输入有误")

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