MongoDB and Mongoose in Action All In One
MongoDB and Mongoose in Action All In One
Node.js API Server
Mongoose Model
Mongoose v7.6.0: Model
// DB name ✅
mongoose.connect('mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/database_name');
const MyModel = mongoose.model('Test', new Schema({ name: String }));
// Works
await MyModel.findOne();
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/connections.html#buffering
Mongoose API
.findOnevs.find
Model.findOne() no longer accepts a callback ⚠️
// Find one adventure whose `country` is 'Croatia', otherwise `null`
await Adventure.findOne({ country: 'Croatia' }).exec();
// Select only the adventures name and length
await Adventure.findOne({ country: 'Croatia' }, 'name length').exec();
// find all documents
await MyModel.find({});
// find all documents named john and at least 18
await MyModel.find({ name: 'john', age: { $gte: 18 } }).exec();
// executes, name LIKE john and only selecting the "name" and "friends" fields
await MyModel.find({ name: /john/i }, 'name friends').exec();
// passing options
await MyModel.find({ name: /john/i }, null, { skip: 10 }).exec();
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model.findOne()
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model.find()
.updateManyvs.updateOne
const res = await Person.updateOne({ name: 'Jean-Luc Picard' }, { ship: 'USS Enterprise' });
const res = await Person.updateMany({ name: /Stark$/ }, { isDeleted: true });
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model.updateOne()
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model.updateMany()
.deleteOnevs.deleteMany
await Character.deleteOne({ name: 'Eddard Stark' });
// returns {deletedCount: 1}
await Character.deleteMany({ name: /Stark/, age: { $gte: 18 } });
// returns {deletedCount: x} where x is the number of documents deleted.
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model.deleteOne()
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model.deleteMany()
auto convert Mongoose model to MongoDB collection ✅
// ❌ MongooseError: Operation `wikis.find()` buffering timed out after 10000ms
// mongoose.connect(`mongodb://localhost:27017/`, {useNewUrlParser: true})
// ✅ so
mongoose.connect(`mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/so`, {useNewUrlParser: true})
.then(() => {
console.log('✅');
})
.catch((err) => {
console.log('❌', err);
});
const ArticleSchema = {
title: String,
content: String
};
// model ❓ db collection
// wiki => wikis ✅ 根据 model 自动创建的 collection
// const Article = mongoose.model("wiki", ArticleSchema);
// art => arts ✅ 根据 model 自动创建的 collection
const Article = mongoose.model("art", ArticleSchema);
Mongoose connect
mongodb://username:password@host:port/database?options✅
// mongoose ✅
mongoose.connect('mongodb://username:password@host:port/database?options...');
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/connections.html
Mongoose model
// `UserModel` is a "Model", a subclass of `mongoose.Model`.
const UserModel = mongoose.model('User', new Schema({ name: String }));
// You can use a Model to create new documents using `new`:
const userDoc = new UserModel({ name: 'Foo' });
await userDoc.save();
// You also use a model to create queries:
const userFromDb = await UserModel.findOne({ name: 'Foo' });
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/model.html#Model()
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/models.html
Mongoose will add s to collection name by default. ⚠️
https://stackoverflow.com/a/42456884/5934465
Use the
VSCodeto inspect the API’s TypeScripttype definitions
mongoose.model(name, [schema?], [collection?], [options?])
export function model<TSchema extends Schema = any>(
name: string,
schema?: TSchema,
collection?: string,
options?: CompileModelOptions
): Model<
InferSchemaType<TSchema>,
ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TQueryHelpers'>,
ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TInstanceMethods'>,
ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TVirtuals'>,
HydratedDocument<
InferSchemaType<TSchema>,
ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TVirtuals'> & ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TInstanceMethods'>,
ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TQueryHelpers'>
>,
TSchema
> & ObtainSchemaGeneric<TSchema, 'TStaticMethods'>;
export function model<T>(name: string, schema?: Schema<T, any, any> | Schema<T & Document, any, any>, collection?: string, options?: CompileModelOptions): Model<T>;
export function model<T, U, TQueryHelpers = {}>(
name: string,
schema?: Schema<T, any, any, TQueryHelpers, any, any, any>,
collection?: string,
options?: CompileModelOptions
): U;
https://stackoverflow.com/a/77250774/5934465
demos
database
CRUD
const express = require("express");
const mongoose = require("mongoose");
// const bodyParser = require("body-parser");
// const ejs = require("ejs");
const app = express();
// app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({
// extended: true
// }));
// app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.use(express.static("public"));
// ❌ MongoParseError: option gssapiservicename is not supported
// mongoose.connect("mongodb://localhost:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb", {useNewUrlParser: true});
// ❌ MongooseError: Operation `wikis.find()` buffering timed out after 10000ms
// mongoose.connect(`mongodb://localhost:27017/`, {useNewUrlParser: true})
// ✅ so
mongoose.connect(`mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/so`, {useNewUrlParser: true})
.then(() => {
console.log('✅');
})
.catch((err) => {
console.log('❌', err);
});
const ArticleSchema = {
title: String,
content: String
};
// model ❓ db collection
const Article = mongoose.model("wiki", ArticleSchema);
app.route("/articles")
.get(async (req, res) => {
const articles = await Article.find();
console.assert(`articles =`, articles)
articles.forEach((article, i) => {
console.log(`article`, i, article);
});
// mongoose.connection.close();
res.json({
articles,
});
// res.send(articles);
});
// http://localhost:3000/articles
app.route("/articles/:articleTitle")
.get(async (req, res) => {
const title = req.params.articleTitle;
console.log(`title =`, title);
// const article = await Article.find({title});
const article = await Article.findOne({title});
console.log(`article`, article);
res.json({
article
});
// res.send(article);
});
// http://localhost:3000/articles/REST
// app.route("/articles/:articleTitle")
// .get((req, res) => {
// const title = req.params.articleTitle;
// console.log(`title =`, title);
// Article.find({title})
// .then((article) => {
// console.log(`article`, article);
// res.json({
// article
// });
// // res.send(article);
// })
// .catch((err) => {
// console.log(err);
// });
// });
app.get(`/add`, async (req, res) => {
const {
title,
content,
} = req.query;
// create document
const article = new Article({
title,
content,
});
const result = await article.save();
console.log(`✅ save `, result);
// _id: new ObjectId("652199dc56efcc33e4e80f3d"),
// _id: new ObjectId("652196bbc2ca11f4cbc45b09"),
console.log(`_id `, result._id);
res.send("Successfully added a new article.");
});
// http://localhost:3000/add?title=CRUD&content=增查改删/增删改查
// http://localhost:3000/add?title=CRUD&content=%E5%A2%9E%E6%9F%A5%E6%94%B9%E5%88%A0/%E5%A2%9E%E5%88%A0%E6%94%B9%E6%9F%A5
app.get(`/delete`, async (req, res) => {
const id = req.query.id;
// ✅ db.wikis.find().pretty()
// await UserModel.findOne({ id });
console.log(`id `, id);
const result = await Article.deleteOne({_id: new ObjectID(id)});
// const result = await Article.deleteOne({_id: new ObjectId(id)});
// const result = await Article.deleteOne({_id: ObjectId(id)});
console.log(`delete `, result);
res.send("Successfully deleted the document.");
});
// http://localhost:3000/delete?id=652199dc56efcc33e4e80f3d
// http://localhost:3000/delete?id=652196bbc2ca11f4cbc45b09
const port = 3000;
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`http server is running on: http://localhost:${port}/`);
});
// http://localhost:3000/
/*
db.wiki.insertOne({title: "REST", content: "REST is short for REpresentational State Transfer. It's an architectural style for designing APIs."})
db.wiki.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("652167ce2dc49222ad06fac0"),
"title" : "REST",
"content" : "REST is short for REpresentational State Transfer. It's an architectural style for designing APIs."
}
❓model 自动创建的 collection 数据为空，需要手动添加数据
db.wikis.insertOne({title: "REST", content: "REST is short for REpresentational State Transfer. It's an architectural style for designing APIs."})
*/
wikis ❓自动创建的 ✅
$ mongo
> use so;
> show dbs;
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
so 0.000GB
test 0.000GB
> show tables;
student
teacher
wiki
wikis
> db.wikis.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("65217ae22dc49222ad06fac1"),
"title" : "REST",
"content" : "REST is short for REpresentational State Transfer. It's an architectural style for designing APIs."
}
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MongoDB x Mongoose
https://www.mongodb.com/developer/languages/javascript/getting-started-with-mongodb-and-mongoose/
MongoDB Connection URI
protocol://credentials@hostanme/IP:port/?options
Standard Connection String Format
// mongodb ✅
mongodb://[username:password@]host1[:port1][,...hostN[:portN]][/[defaultauthdb][?options]]
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
Connection Options
CRUD
增查改删 (创建、读取、更新和删除)
CRUD is the acronym for CREATE, READ, UPDATE and DELETE.
CRUD 是 CREATE、READ、UPDATE 和 DELETE 的缩写。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Create,_read,_update_and_delete
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/增刪查改
refs
ObjectId
const ObjectId = require('mongodb').ObjectId;
https://www.mongodb.com/community/forums/t/how-use-objectid-search-from-webhook-in-mongodb/102081
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