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How to change the default Python2 to Python3 on Linux All In One

Raspberry Pi

在 Linux 中如何把默认的 Python2 更改为 Python3

solutions

1. .bashrc / .zshrc alias

$ sudo vim .bashrc

$ cat .bashrc
$ cat .bashrc | grep py
# .bashrc 配置一个 alias ✅
# Python3 => py3 🐍
alias py3='python3'

2. symbolic link / 符号链接

ln -sf

$ ls -al /usr/bin/ | grep python

# -s, --soft 软链接
# -f, --force 强制覆盖
$ sudo ln -sf python3 python

demos

ln

符号链接 (软链接/硬链接)

$ man ln
$ man ln > man-ln.md

$ cat man-ln.md

LN(1)                                                 User Commands                                                 LN(1)

NAME
       ln - make links between files

SYNOPSIS
       ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME
       ln [OPTION]... TARGET
       ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY
       ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET...

DESCRIPTION
       In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.  In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the
       current directory.  In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.  Create hard links by  de‐
       fault,  symbolic links with --symbolic.  By default, each destination (name of new link) should not already exist.
       When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist.  Symbolic links can hold arbitrary text; if  later  resolved,  a
       relative link is interpreted in relation to its parent directory.

       Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

       --backup[=CONTROL]
              make a backup of each existing destination file

       -b     like --backup but does not accept an argument

       -d, -F, --directory
              allow  the  superuser  to attempt to hard link directories (note: will probably fail due to system restric‐
              tions, even for the superuser)

       -f, --force
              remove existing destination files

       -i, --interactive
              prompt whether to remove destinations

       -L, --logical
              dereference TARGETs that are symbolic links

       -n, --no-dereference
              treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if it is a symbolic link to a directory

       -P, --physical
              make hard links directly to symbolic links

       -r, --relative
              create symbolic links relative to link location

       -s, --symbolic
              make symbolic links instead of hard links

       -S, --suffix=SUFFIX
              override the usual backup suffix

       -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY
              specify the DIRECTORY in which to create the links

       -T, --no-target-directory
              treat LINK_NAME as a normal file always

       -v, --verbose
              print name of each linked file

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.  The version control method may be se‐
       lected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.  Here are the values:

       none, off
              never make backups (even if --backup is given)

       numbered, t
              make numbered backups

       existing, nil
              numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise

       simple, never
              always make simple backups

       Using  -s  ignores  -L and -P.  Otherwise, the last option specified controls behavior when a TARGET is a symbolic
       link, defaulting to -P.

AUTHOR
       Written by Mike Parker and David MacKenzie.

REPORTING BUGS
       GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or  later  <https://gnu.org/li‐
       censes/gpl.html>.
       This  is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted
       by law.

SEE ALSO
       link(2), symlink(2)

       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/ln>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) ln invocation'

GNU coreutils 8.32                                    September 2020                                                LN(1)

refs

https://youtu.be/nTVl9YBZoFg?t=66

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VVIkuaPajI

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