Linux 关机命令 All In One

Linux 关机命令 All In One

shutdown & poweroff

shutdown

$ man shutdown

$ man shutdown > ./Desktop/man-docs/shutdown.md

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat ./Desktop/man-docs/shutdown.md
SHUTDOWN(8)                                           shutdown                                           SHUTDOWN(8)

NAME
       shutdown - Halt, power-off or reboot the machine

SYNOPSIS
       shutdown [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]

DESCRIPTION
       shutdown may be used to halt, power-off or reboot the machine.

       The first argument may be a time string (which is usually "now"). Optionally, this may be followed by a wall
       message to be sent to all logged-in users before going down.

       The time string may either be in the format "hh:mm" for hour/minutes specifying the time to execute the
       shutdown at, specified in 24h clock format. Alternatively it may be in the syntax "+m" referring to the
       specified number of minutes m from now.  "now" is an alias for "+0", i.e. for triggering an immediate
       shutdown. If no time argument is specified, "+1" is implied.

       Note that to specify a wall message you must specify a time argument, too.

       If the time argument is used, 5 minutes before the system goes down the /run/nologin file is created to
       ensure that further logins shall not be allowed.

OPTIONS
       The following options are understood:

       --help
           Print a short help text and exit.

       -H, --halt
           Halt the machine.

       -P, --poweroff
           Power-off the machine (the default).

       -r, --reboot
           Reboot the machine.

       -h
           Equivalent to --poweroff, unless --halt is specified.

       -k
           Do not halt, power-off, reboot, just write wall message.

       --no-wall
           Do not send wall message before halt, power-off, reboot.

       -c
           Cancel a pending shutdown. This may be used to cancel the effect of an invocation of shutdown with a time
           argument that is not "+0" or "now".

EXIT STATUS
       On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.

SEE ALSO
       systemd(1), systemctl(1), halt(8), wall(1)

systemd 247                                                                                              SHUTDOWN(8)
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 

poweroff

$ man poweroff

$ man poweroff > ./Desktop/man-docs/poweroff.md

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat ./Desktop/man-docs/poweroff.md

HALT(8)                                                 halt                                                 HALT(8)

NAME
       halt, poweroff, reboot - Halt, power-off or reboot the machine

SYNOPSIS
       halt [OPTIONS...]

       poweroff [OPTIONS...]

       reboot [OPTIONS...]

DESCRIPTION
       halt, poweroff, reboot may be used to halt, power-off, or reboot the machine. All three commands take the
       same options.

OPTIONS
       The following options are understood:

       --help
           Print a short help text and exit.

       --halt
           Halt the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is invoked.

       -p, --poweroff
           Power-off the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is invoked.

       --reboot
           Reboot the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is invoked.

       -f, --force
           Force immediate halt, power-off, or reboot. When specified once, this results in an immediate but clean
           shutdown by the system manager. When specified twice, this results in an immediate shutdown without
           contacting the system manager. See the description of --force in systemctl(1) for more details.

       -w, --wtmp-only
           Only write wtmp shutdown entry, do not actually halt, power-off, reboot.

       -d, --no-wtmp
           Do not write wtmp shutdown entry.

       -n, --no-sync
           Don't sync hard disks/storage media before halt, power-off, reboot.

       --no-wall
           Do not send wall message before halt, power-off, reboot.

EXIT STATUS
       On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.

NOTES
       These commands are implemented in a way that preserves basic compatibility with the original SysV commands.
       systemctl(1) verbs halt, poweroff, reboot provide the same functionality with some additional features.

       Note that on many SysV systems halt used to be synonymous to poweroff, i.e. both commands would equally
       result in powering the machine off. systemd is more accurate here, and halt results in halting the machine
       only (leaving power on), and poweroff is required to actually power it off.

SEE ALSO
       systemd(1), systemctl(1), shutdown(8), wall(1)

systemd 247                                                                                                  HALT(8)
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 

Raspberry Pi 关机命令

# 关闭电源
$ sudo poweroff

# 立即关机
$ sudo shutdown -h now
# 等价于
$ sudo shutdown -h +0

# 立即重启
$ sudo shutdown -r now
# 等价于
$ sudo shutdown -r +0

# 取消关机
$ sudo shutdown -c

-h === host

-h === halt 停止

-r === reboot 重新启动

-c === cancel 取消

demos

# shutdown [OPTIONS] [TIME] [MESSAGE]

# 3 分钟后自动关机，并且广播提醒所有用户 🔔 ⚠️
$ sudo shutdown -h +3 "🔔 3 分钟后关机， 请提前做好文件保存!"

# 等价于 `hh:mm`
$ sudo shutdown -h 00:03 "🔔 3 分钟后关机， 请提前做好文件保存!"


# 3 分钟后自动重启，并且广播提醒所有用户 🔔 ⚠️
$ sudo shutdown -r +3 "🔔 3 分钟后重启， 请提前做好文件保存!"

# 取消自动关机，并且广播提醒所有用户 🔔 ⚠️
$ sudo shutdown -c "Canceling the reboot"

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ shutdown --help
shutdown [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]

Shut down the system.

Options:
     --help      Show this help
  -H --halt      Halt the machine # ✅ halt
  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine
  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine
  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overridden by --halt # -h 等价于 --poweroff ✅
  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings
     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot
  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown

See the shutdown(8) man page for details.

$ man shutdown

# 等待⌛️一分钟后，不取消就立刻关机 ✅
$ sudo shutdown -H

$ ssh pi@raspberrypi.local

macOS 关机命令 shutdown

$ sudo shutdown -h
# usage: shutdown [-] [-h [-u] [-n] | -r [-n] | -s | -k] time [warning-message ...]

# macOS
$ man shutdown

SHUTDOWN(8)                                                                                                   System Manager's Manual                                                                                                  SHUTDOWN(8)

NAME
     shutdown – close down the system at a given time

SYNOPSIS
     shutdown [-] [-h [-u] | -r | -s | -k] [-o [-n]] time [warning-message ...]

DESCRIPTION
     The shutdown utility provides an automated shutdown procedure for super-users to nicely notify users when the system is shutting down, saving them from system administrators, hackers, and gurus, who would otherwise not bother with such
     niceties.

     The following options are available:

     -h      The system is halted at the specified time. # ✅ halt

     -k      Kick everybody off.  The -k option does not actually halt the system, but leaves the system multi-user with logins disabled (for all but super-user).

     -n      If the -o is specified, prevent the file system cache from being flushed by passing -n option to halt(8) or reboot(8).  This option should probably not be used.

     -o      If -h or -r is specified, shutdown will execute halt(8) or reboot(8) instead of sending a signal to launchd(8).

     -r      The system is rebooted at the specified time.

     -s      The system is put to sleep at the specified time.

     -u      The system is halted up until the point of removing system power, but waits before removing power for 5 minutes so that an external UPS (uninterruptible power supply) can forcibly remove power.  This simulates a dirty shutdown to
             permit a later automatic power on.  macOS uses this mode automatically with supported UPSs in emergency shutdowns.

     time    Time is the time at which shutdown will bring the system down and may be the word now (indicating an immediate shutdown) or specify a future time in one of two formats: +number, or yymmddhhmm, where the year, month, and day may
             be defaulted to the current system values.  The first form brings the system down in number minutes and the second at the absolute time specified.

     warning-message
             Any other arguments comprise the warning message that is broadcast to users currently logged into the system.

     -       If ‘-’ is supplied as an option, the warning message is read from the standard input.

     At intervals, becoming more frequent as apocalypse approaches and starting at ten hours before shutdown, warning messages are displayed on the terminals of all users logged in.

     At shutdown time a message is written to the system log, containing the time of shutdown, the person who initiated the shutdown and the reason.  Corresponding signal is then sent to launchd(8) to respectively halt, reboot or bring the
     system down to single-user state (depending on the above options).

     A scheduled shutdown can be canceled by killing the shutdown process (a SIGTERM should suffice).

SIGTERM TO SIGKILL INTERVAL
     Upon shutdown, all running processes are sent a SIGTERM followed by a SIGKILL.  The SIGKILL will follow the SIGTERM by an intentionally indeterminate period of time.  Programs are expected to take only enough time to flush all dirty data
     and exit.  Developers are encouraged to file a bug with the OS vendor, should they encounter an issue with this functionality.

SEE ALSO
     kill(1), login(1), wall(1), halt(8), launchd(8), reboot(8)

BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY
     The hours and minutes in the second time format may be separated by a colon (``:'') for backward compatibility.

HISTORY
     The shutdown utility appeared in 4.0BSD.

macOS 13.1                                                                                                       December 11, 1998                                                 

How To Shutdown Linux Using Command Line

$ su - 
# or 
$ sudo -s
# root password


$ shutdown -h now
# OR
$ shutdown -h +0

$ sudo systemctl poweroff
# 
$ sudo poweroff

Reboot Linux system command syntax
The syntax is:
shutdown -h time "message"

Where,

-h : Poweroff the system.
time : When to shutdown. You can poweroff immediately or after 2 minutes.
It can be an absolute time in the format hh:mm, in which hh is the hour (1 or 2 digits) and mm is the minute of the hour (in two digits).
Second, it can be in the format +m, in which m is the number of minutes to wait.
The word now is an alias for +0.
message: Send warning message to send to all users.

macOS shutdown

$ man shutdown
# OR
$ man 8 shutdown

             supported UPSs in emergency shutdowns.

     time    Time is the time at which shutdown will bring the system down and may be the
             word now (indicating an immediate shutdown) or specify a future time in one
             of two formats: +number, or yymmddhhmm, where the year, month, and day may
             be defaulted to the current system values.  The first form brings the system
             down in number minutes and the second at the absolute time specified.

     warning-message
             Any other arguments comprise the warning message that is broadcast to users
             currently logged into the system.

     -       If ‘-’ is supplied as an option, the warning message is read from the
             standard input.

     At intervals, becoming more frequent as apocalypse approaches and starting at ten
     hours before shutdown, warning messages are displayed on the terminals of all users
     logged in.

     At shutdown time a message is written to the system log, containing the time of
     shutdown, the person who initiated the shutdown and the reason.  Corresponding
     signal is then sent to launchd(8) to respectively halt, reboot or bring the system
     down to single-user state (depending on the above options).

     A scheduled shutdown can be canceled by killing the shutdown process (a SIGTERM
     should suffice).

SIGTERM TO SIGKILL INTERVAL
     Upon shutdown, all running processes are sent a SIGTERM followed by a SIGKILL.  The
     SIGKILL will follow the SIGTERM by an intentionally indeterminate period of time.
     Programs are expected to take only enough time to flush all dirty data and exit.
     Developers are encouraged to file a bug with the OS vendor, should they encounter an
     issue with this functionality.

SEE ALSO
     kill(1), login(1), wall(1), halt(8), launchd(8), reboot(8)

BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY
     The hours and minutes in the second time format may be separated by a colon (``:'')
     for backward compatibility.

HISTORY
     The shutdown utility appeared in 4.0BSD.

macOS 12.3                          December 11, 1998                          macOS 12.3

$  last shutdown
shutdown  ~                         Fri Jul  1 22:10 
shutdown  ~                         Thu Jun 30 10:03 
shutdown  ~                         Fri Jun 24 22:10 
shutdown  ~                         Wed Jun 22 16:32 
shutdown  ~                         Fri Jun 10 22:10 
shutdown  ~                         Fri May 20 22:10 
shutdown  ~                         Fri Apr 22 22:10 
shutdown  ~                         Tue Apr 12 02:45 

wtmp begins Wed Mar 30 07:58 

demos

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refs

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-shutdown-linux/

https://linuxize.com/post/linux-shutdown-command/

LEMP PHP

https://www.cnblogs.com/xgqfrms/p/5361895.html

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