js Tree Data Structure & Tree Traversal Algorithm All In One
js Tree Data Structure & Tree Traversal Algorithm All In One
树的数据结构和算法
生成树和节点
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* function TreeNode(val, left, right) {
* this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
* this.left = (left===undefined ? null : left)
* this.right = (right===undefined ? null : right)
* }
*/
function TreeNode(val, left, right) {
this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
this.left = (left===undefined ? null : left)
this.right = (right===undefined ? null : right)
}
生成链表和节点
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* function ListNode(val, next) {
* this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
* this.next = (next===undefined ? null : next)
* }
*/
function ListNode(val, next) {
this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
this.next = (next===undefined ? null : next)
}
树/二叉树
tree traversal / 树遍历
root = [];
- 前序遍历
前序遍历首先访问根节点,然后遍历左子树,最后遍历右子树。
前序遍历的结果是:1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 3, 6
- 中序遍历
中序遍历是先遍历左子树,然后访问根节点,然后遍历右子树。
中序遍历的结果是:4, 2, 7, 5, 8, 1, 3, 6
- 后序遍历
后序遍历是先遍历左子树,然后遍历右子树,最后访问树的根节点。
后序遍历的结果是:4, 7, 8, 5, 2, 6, 3, 1
// 前序遍历
/**
* @param {TreeNode} root
* @return {number[]}
*/
var preorderTraversal = function(root) {
let result=[];
// DFS 深度优先算法
(function traversalTreeNode(root){
if(root) {
result.push(root.val);
}
if(root&&root.left) {
//递归
traversalTreeNode(root.left);
}
if(root&&root.right) {
//递归
traversalTreeNode(root.right);
}
})(root);
return result;
};
/**
* @param {TreeNode} root
* @return {arr[]}
*/
var preorderTraversal = function (root) {
let stack = [root];
let arr = [];
// BFS ???
while (stack.length > 0) {
//循环迭代
let node = stack.pop();
node && arr.push(node.val);
// node不为空时,向arr中推入节点值
node && node.right && stack.push(node.right);
//关键点:模拟栈,后入先出,故先压右节点
node && node.left && stack.push(node.left);
// 关键点:后入先出,后压左节点
}
return arr;
};
// 中序遍历
// 后序遍历
Binary Search
/**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @param {number} target
* @return {number}
*/
var search = function(nums, target) {
// 二分搜索算法
if(!nums.length) {
return -1;
}
let left = 0;
let right = nums.length -1;
while(left <= right) {
let mid = Math.floor((left + right) / 2);
if(nums[mid] === target) {
return mid;
}
if(nums[mid] > target) {
right = mid - 1;
}
if(nums[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1;
}
}
return -1;
};
demo
https://leetcode-cn.com/study-plan/data-structures/
https://leetcode.com/explore/interview/
https://leetcode.com/explore/featured/
https://leetcode.com/explore/learn/card/binary-search/
refs
https://githubhelp.com/loiane/javascript-datastructures-algorithms
https://github.com/loiane/javascript-datastructures-algorithms
https://github.com/loiane/javascript-datastructures-algorithms/tree/main/test/js
https://github.com/loiane/javascript-datastructures-algorithms/tree/main/test/ts
https://github.com/loiane/javascript-datastructures-algorithms/tree/main/test/ts/data-structures
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