ORM All In One

ORM All In One

ORM

Object Relational Mapping / 对象关系映射

ORM is a technique that allows you to communicate with a database using an object oriented pattern

Advantages of ORMs

ORMs map our database entries to objects that we define.
This allows us to write a lot of reusable logic for our database.
It also makes a lot of our more complex queries simpler and can cut down bloat in our code base.
Most ORMs also come with built in protection from SQL Injection.

Disadvantages of ORMs

ORMs aren’t perfect for every project.
Often times, you will not have direct control over the SQL the ORM is using under the hood.
This can sometimes make queries slower than they would be if you wrote them by hand.
ORMs also are more mistake prone than SQL, It’s easier to accidentally make a function that queries the database 200 times in an ORM vs SQL since you may not always realize when a function is triggering a query.

Although we’re not discussing NoSQL in this module, There are many NoSQL ORMs available as well!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-relational_mapping

ORMs

https://github.com/topics/ORM

1. TypeORM

ORM for TypeScript and JavaScript. Supports MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, SQLite, MS SQL Server, Oracle, SAP Hana, WebSQL databases. Works in NodeJS, Browser, Ionic, Cordova and Electron platforms.

Supports MongoDB NoSQL database.

https://typeorm.io/

https://www.npmjs.com/package/typeorm

https://github.com/typeorm/typeorm

2. Prisma

Next-generation ORM for Node.js & TypeScript | PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQL Server, SQLite, MongoDB and CockroachDB

https://www.prisma.io

Prisma is a next-generation ORM that consists of these tools:

Prisma Client: Auto-generated and type-safe query builder for Node.js & TypeScript
Prisma Migrate: Declarative data modeling & migration system
Prisma Studio: GUI to view and edit data in your database

Prisma Client can be used in any Node.js or TypeScript backend application (including serverless applications and microservices).
This can be a REST API, a GraphQL API, a gRPC API, or anything else that needs a database.

https://github.com/prisma/prisma

https://www.npmjs.com/package/prisma

3. Sequelize

Feature-rich ORM for modern Node.js and TypeScript, it supports PostgreSQL (with JSON and JSONB support), MySQL, MariaDB, SQLite, MS SQL Server, Snowflake, Oracle DB (v6), DB2 and DB2 for IBM i.

https://sequelize.org/

https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize

https://www.npmjs.com/package/sequelize
https://www.npmjs.com/package/sequelize-cli

demos

TypeScript ORM demos

TypeORM

https://typeorm.io/

https://www.npmjs.com/package/typeorm

https://github.com/typeorm

https://opencollective.com/typeorm

supports MySQL / MariaDB / Postgres / CockroachDB / SQLite / Microsoft SQL Server / Oracle / SAP Hana / sql.js

$ yarn add typeorm

$ typeorm init --name MyProject --database mysql

1. DataMapper

// models
import {Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column} from "typeorm";
 
@Entity()
export class User {
    @PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
    id: number;
    @Column()
    firstName: string;
    @Column()
    lastName: string;
    @Column()
    age: number;
}

// logic
const user = new User();
user.firstName = "Timber";
user.lastName = "Saw";
user.age = 25;
await repository.save(user);
 
const allUsers = await repository.find();
const firstUser = await repository.findOne(1); // find by id
const timber = await repository.findOne({ firstName: "Timber", lastName: "Saw" });
 
await repository.remove(timber);

2. ActiveRecord

// models
import {Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column, BaseEntity} from "typeorm";
 
@Entity()
export class User extends BaseEntity {
    @PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
    id: number;
    @Column()
    firstName: string;
    @Column()
    lastName: string;
    @Column()
    age: number;
}

const user = new User();
user.firstName = "Timber";
user.lastName = "Saw";
user.age = 25;
await user.save();
 
const allUsers = await User.find();
const firstUser = await User.findOne(1);
const timber = await User.findOne({ firstName: "Timber", lastName: "Saw" });
 
await timber.remove();

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RAW SQL / 原生 SQL

db.query("SELECT * FROM users");

SQL 注入

SQL Injection

// 设定$name 中插入了我们不需要的SQL语句
$name = "Qadir'; DELETE FROM users;";

mysqli_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name='{$name}'");

https://www.jianshu.com/p/078df7a35671

https://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-sql-injection.html

refs

Angular + NestJS

https://www.sololearn.com/learning/1092

https://docs.nestjs.com/recipes/sql-typeorm

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/typeorm/typeorm_quick_guide.htm

Auto Open Gmail Link

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