matplotlib数据可视化

#绘制简单的折线图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
input_values = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squares = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
#设置线条粗细
plt.plot(input_values,squares,linewidth=5)
#设置图表标题。并给坐标轴加上标签，文字大小
plt.title("Square Numbers",fontsize=24)
plt.xlabel("Value",fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel("Square of Value",fontsize=14)
#设置刻度标记大小
plt.tick_params(axis='both',labelsize=14)
plt.show()

#使用scatter()绘制一系列点
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x_values = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y_values = [1, 4, 8, 16, 25]
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,s=100)
#设置图表标题并给坐标轴加上标签
plt.title("Square Number",fontsize=24)
plt.xlabel("Value",fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel("Square of value",fontsize=14)
#设置刻度标记大小
plt.tick_params(axis='both',which='major',labelsize=14)
plt.show()

#使用scatter()绘制一系列点
#自动计算数据
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x_values = list(range(1,1001))
y_values = [x**2 for x in x_values]
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,s=40)
plt.title("Squares number",fontsize=24)
plt.xlabel("values",fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel("square of number",fontsize=14)
plt.axis([0, 1100, 0, 1100000])
plt.show()

#使用scatter()绘制一系列点
#自定义颜色
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x_values = list(range(1,1001))
y_values = [x**2 for x in x_values]
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,c='red',edgecolor='none',s=60)
plt.title("Squares number",fontsize=24)
plt.xlabel("values",fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel("square of number",fontsize=14)
plt.axis([0, 1100, 0, 1100000])
plt.show()

#使用scatter()绘制一系列点
#使用颜色映射
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x_values = list(range(1,1001))
y_values = [x**2 for x in x_values]
plt.scatter(x_values,y_values,c=y_values,cmap=plt.cm.Blues,edgecolor='none',s=60)
plt.title("Squares number",fontsize=24)
plt.xlabel("values",fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel("square of number",fontsize=14)
plt.axis([0, 1100, 0, 1100000])
plt.show()

#随机漫步
from random import choice
class RandomWalk():
    def __init__(self,num_points=5000):
        self.num_points = num_points
        self.x_values = [0]
        self.y_values = [0]
    def fill_walk(self):
        while len(self.x_values) < self.num_points:
            x_direction = choice([1, -1])
            x_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
            x_step = x_direction * x_distance
            y_direction = choice([1, -1])
            y_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
            y_step = y_direction * y_distance
            if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0:
                continue
            next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step
            next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step
            self.x_values.append(next_x)
            self.y_values.append(next_y)
while True:
    
    rw = RandomWalk()
    rw.fill_walk()
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,s=15)
    plt.show()
    keep_running = input("make another walk:(y/n):")
    if keep_running == 'n':
        break

while True:
    #给点着色
    rw = RandomWalk()
    rw.fill_walk()
    points_numbers = list(range(rw.num_points))
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,c=points_numbers,cmap=plt.cm.Blues,edgecolor='none',s=15)
    #重新绘制起点和终点
    plt.scatter(0, 0, c='green',edgecolors='none',s=100)
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1],rw.y_values[-1],c='red',edgecolors='none',s=100)
    #隐藏坐标轴
    plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
    plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)
    plt.show()
    keep_running = input("make another walk:(y/n):")
    if keep_running == 'n':
        break

 #增加点数
    rw = RandomWalk(50000)
    rw.fill_walk()
    points_numbers = list(range(rw.num_points))
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values,rw.y_values,c=points_numbers,cmap=plt.cm.Blues,edgecolor='none',s=1)
    #重新绘制起点和终点
    plt.scatter(0, 0, c='green',edgecolors='none',s=100)
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1],rw.y_values[-1],c='red',edgecolors='none',s=100)
    #隐藏坐标轴
    plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
    plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)
    plt.show()
    keep_running = input("make another walk:(y/n):")
    if keep_running == 'n':
        break

#使用Pygal模拟掷骰子
import pygal
from random import randint
class Die():
    def __init__(self,num_sides=6):
        self.num_sides = 6
        
    def roll(self):
        return randint(1, self.num_sides)
    
die = Die()
results = []
for roll_num in range(1000):
    result = die.roll()
    results.append(result)
    
#分析结果
frequencies = []
for value in range(1, die.num_sides+1):
    frequency = results.count(value)
    frequencies.append(frequency)
    
hist = pygal.Bar()
hist.title="results of roll"
hist.x_labels = ['1','2','3','4','5','6']
hist.x_title = "result"
hist.y_title="frequency of result"
hist.add('D6',frequencies)
#hist.render_to_file('die.svg')

#绘制气温图表
import csv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
filename = r'C:\Users\xufangzhou\Desktop\sitka_weather_07-2014.csv'
with open(filename) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    header_row = next(reader)
    highs = []
    for row in reader:
        high = int(row[1])
        highs.append(high)
    fig = plt.figure(dpi=128,figsize=(10,6))
    plt.plot(highs, c='red')
    plt.title("123",fontsize=24)
    plt.xlabel('',fontsize=16)
    plt.ylabel("34",fontsize=16)
    plt.tick_params(axis='both',which='major',labelsize=16)
    
    plt.show()

from datetime import datetime
import csv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
filename = r'C:\Users\xufangzhou\Desktop\sitka_weather_2014.csv'
#从文件中获取最高气温和日期
with open(filename) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    header_row = next(reader)
    dates,highs = [], []
    for row in reader:
        current_date = datetime.strptime(row[0],"%Y-%m-%d")
        dates.append(current_date)
        high = int(row[1])
        highs.append(high)
    fig = plt.figure(dpi=128,figsize=(10,6))
    plt.plot(dates,highs, c='red')
    plt.title("123",fontsize=24)
    plt.xlabel('',fontsize=16)
    fig.autofmt_xdate()
    plt.ylabel("34",fontsize=16)
    plt.tick_params(axis='both',which='major',labelsize=16)
    
    plt.show()

from datetime import datetime
import csv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
filename = r'C:\Users\xufangzhou\Desktop\sitka_weather_2014.csv'
#从文件中获取最高气温、日期、最低气温
with open(filename) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    header_row = next(reader)
    dates,highs,lows = [], [], []
    for row in reader:
        current_date = datetime.strptime(row[0],"%Y-%m-%d")
        dates.append(current_date)
        high = int(row[1])
        highs.append(high)
        low = int(row[3])
        lows.append(low)
    fig = plt.figure(dpi=128,figsize=(10,6))
    plt.plot(dates,highs, c='red')
    plt.plot(dates,lows, c='blue')
    plt.title("123",fontsize=24)
    plt.xlabel('',fontsize=16)
    fig.autofmt_xdate()
    plt.ylabel("34",fontsize=16)
    plt.tick_params(axis='both',which='major',labelsize=16)
    
    plt.show()

from datetime import datetime
import csv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
filename = r'C:\Users\xufangzhou\Desktop\sitka_weather_2014.csv'
#从文件中获取最高气温、日期、最低气温
#给图表区域着色
with open(filename) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    header_row = next(reader)
    dates,highs,lows = [], [], []
    for row in reader:
        current_date = datetime.strptime(row[0],"%Y-%m-%d")
        dates.append(current_date)
        high = int(row[1])
        highs.append(high)
        low = int(row[3])
        lows.append(low)
    fig = plt.figure(dpi=128,figsize=(10,6))
    plt.plot(dates,highs, c='red',alpha=0.5)
    plt.plot(dates,lows, c='blue',alpha=0.5)
    plt.fill_between(dates,highs,lows,facecolor='blue',alpha=0.1)
    plt.title("123",fontsize=24)
    plt.xlabel('',fontsize=16)
    fig.autofmt_xdate()
    plt.ylabel("34",fontsize=16)
    plt.tick_params(axis='both',which='major',labelsize=16)
    
    plt.show()

from datetime import datetime
import csv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
filename = r'C:\Users\xufangzhou\Desktop\death_valley_2014.csv'
#从文件中获取最高气温、日期、最低气温
#异常数据检查
with open(filename) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    header_row = next(reader)
    dates,highs,lows = [], [], []
    for row in reader:
        try:
            
            current_date = datetime.strptime(row[0],"%Y-%m-%d")
            high = int(row[1])
            low = int(row[3])
        except ValueError:
            print(current_date,'missing data')
        else:
            dates.append(current_date)
            highs.append(high)
            lows.append(low)
    fig = plt.figure(dpi=128,figsize=(10,6))
    plt.plot(dates,highs, c='red',alpha=0.5)
    plt.plot(dates,lows, c='blue',alpha=0.5)
    plt.fill_between(dates,highs,lows,facecolor='blue',alpha=0.1)
    plt.title("123",fontsize=24)
    plt.xlabel('',fontsize=16)
    fig.autofmt_xdate()
    plt.ylabel("34",fontsize=16)
    plt.tick_params(axis='both',which='major',labelsize=16)
    
    plt.show()

 

参考文章：

1.《Python编程从入门到实践》 Eric Matthes 著    袁国忠 译

作者：舟华520

出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/xfzh193/

本文以学习，分享，研究交流为主，欢迎转载，请标明作者出处！