Java生成条形码和二维码
生成二维码
添加依赖:
<!-- 二维码工具 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
功能代码:
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 二维码工具
*/
public class QrcodeUtils {
/**
* 生成二维码核心方法
*
* @param msg 包含的内容
* @param size 二维码大小(因为是正方形的,故而长高一致)
*/
public static BufferedImage createQr(String msg, int size) throws WriterException {
MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();
Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
// 容错率
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
// 编码
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
// 设置白色边框
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
BitMatrix bm = multiFormatWriter.encode(msg, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, size, size, hints);
int w = bm.getWidth(), h = bm.getHeight();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) {
image.setRGB(x, y, bm.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFF);
}
}
return image;
}
/**
* 给二维码添加logo
*
* @param bi 二维码
* @param logoPath logo图片名称(位置统一存放于/resources/qrlogo/下)
* @param widthLogo logo宽度(如果传0,则表示默认为二维码宽度的20%)
* @param heightLogo logo高度(如果传0,则表示默认为二维码高度的20%)
* @throws 如果出错了,除了打印错误外,不抛异常,直接跳过本方法,把原先的二维码return出去
*/
public static BufferedImage addLogo(BufferedImage bi, String logoPath, int widthLogo, int heightLogo) {
BufferedImage image = bi;
try {
Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
BufferedImage logo = ImageIO.read(new FileInputStream(new ClassPathResource("/qrlogo/" + logoPath + ".png").getFile()));
// 计算图片放置位置,放置在中间
int x = (image.getWidth() - widthLogo) / 2;
int y = (image.getHeight() - heightLogo) / 2;
// 把logo画进二维码里
g.drawImage(logo, x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo, null);
g.drawRoundRect(x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo, 15, 15);
// 边框宽度
g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2));
// 边框颜色
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.drawRect(x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo);
// 关闭
g.dispose();
logo.flush();
image.flush();
return image;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return bi;
}
}
}
测试:
/**
* 生成二维码
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("qrcode")
public class QrcodeController {
/**
* 二维码尺寸
*/
private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 500;
/**
* 二维码图片格式
*/
private static final String QRCODE_TYPE = "png";
/**
* 生成二维码
* 使用微信扫描会得到msg内容
*
* @param msg 二维码包含的内容
* @param logo logo图片名称(位置统一存放于/resources/qrlogo/下)(不传则表示不插入logo)
* @param logoPercent 图片占据二维码的百分比(0-1数值),不传默认0.2
*/
@RequestMapping("create")
public void create(String msg, String logo, String logoPercent, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
response.setContentType("image/" + QRCODE_TYPE);
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
BufferedImage bi = QrcodeUtils.createQr(msg, QRCODE_SIZE);
if (logo != null) {
// 图片大小
int logoLenght = QRCODE_SIZE;
double p = 0.2;
if (logoPercent != null) {
try {
p = Double.parseDouble(logoPercent);
} catch (Exception e) {
p = 0.2;
}
}
logoLenght = (int) (logoLenght * p);
bi = QrcodeUtils.addLogo(bi, logo, logoLenght, logoLenght);
}
ImageIO.write(bi, QRCODE_TYPE, os);
os.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
生成条形码
添加依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--> thumbnailator <-->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.coobird</groupId>
<artifactId>thumbnailator</artifactId>
<version>0.4.8</version>
</dependency>
功能代码:
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.EnumMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 条形码生成/解析工具类
*/
public class BarcodeUtils {
/**
* 条形码默认宽度
*/
private static final int BARCODE_WIDTH = 180;
/**
* 条形默认高度
*/
private static final int BARCODE_HEIGHT = 70;
/**
* 默认条形码文件格式
*/
private static final String FORMAT = "png";
/**
* 条形条形码参数
*/
private static final EnumMap<EncodeHintType, Object> ENCODE_HINTS = new EnumMap<>(EncodeHintType.class);
/**
* 解析条形码参数
*/
private static final EnumMap<DecodeHintType, Object> DECODE_HINTS = new EnumMap<>(DecodeHintType.class);
/**
* 微软雅黑常规字体库 字体库
*/
private static final String BASE_FONT = "font/msyh.ttc";
static {
/* 字符编码 */
ENCODE_HINTS.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
/* 容错等级 L、M、Q、H 其中 L 为最低, H 为最高 */
ENCODE_HINTS.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
/* 字符编码 */
DECODE_HINTS.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
/* 优化精度 */
DECODE_HINTS.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER, true);
}
private BarcodeUtils() {
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param filePath 生成图片路径
* @throws WriterException
* @throws IOException
* @title 生成条形图片
* @description 根据文本内容生成默认格式的二维图图片
*/
public static void create(String text, String filePath) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, BARCODE_WIDTH, BARCODE_HEIGHT, ENCODE_HINTS);
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, FORMAT, path);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @return 字节输出流
* @throws WriterException
* @throws IOException
* @title 生成条形码图片
* @description 根据文本内容生成条形码图片的字节输出流
*/
public static ByteArrayOutputStream create(String text) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, BARCODE_WIDTH, BARCODE_HEIGHT, ENCODE_HINTS);
return writeToStream(bitMatrix, FORMAT);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param filePath 生成图片文件路径
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @title 生成条形码图片
* @description 根据文本内容,自定义宽度高度,生成所需要的条形码图片
*/
public static void create(String text, String filePath, int width, int height) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, width, height, ENCODE_HINTS);
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, FORMAT, path);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param filePath 生成图片文件路径
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @param onColor 条形码颜色
* @param offColor 条形码背景颜色
* @title 生成条形图片
* @description 根据文本内容,自定义宽度高度,生成所需要的条形码图片
*/
public static void create(String text, String filePath, int width, int height, Color onColor, Color offColor) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, width, height, ENCODE_HINTS);
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, FORMAT, path, new MatrixToImageConfig(onColor.getRGB(), offColor.getRGB()));
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @return 字节输出流
* @title 生成条形码图片
* @description 根据文本内容生成条形码图片的字节输出流
*/
public static ByteArrayOutputStream create(String text, int width, int height) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, ENCODE_HINTS);
return writeToStream(bitMatrix, FORMAT);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param filePath 生成图片文件路径
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @param format 图片格式
* @title 生成条形码图片
* @description 根据文本内容,自定义宽度高度,自定义图片格式,生成所需要的条形码图片
*/
public static void create(String text, String filePath, int width, int height, String format) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, ENCODE_HINTS);
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, format, path);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @param format 自定义图片格式
* @return 字节输出流
* @title 生成条形图片
* @description 根据文本内容生成条形图片的字节输出流
*/
public static ByteArrayOutputStream create(String text, int width, int height, String format) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, ENCODE_HINTS);
return writeToStream(bitMatrix, format);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param filePath 生成图片文件路径
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @param format 图片格式
* @param hintTypes 配置信息
* @title 生成条形码图片
* @description 根据文本内容,自定义宽度高度,自定义图片格式,自定义配置信息,生成所需要的条形码图片
*/
public static void create(String text, String filePath, int width, int height, String format, EnumMap<EncodeHintType, Object> hintTypes) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hintTypes);
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, format, path);
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @param format 图片格式
* @param hintTypes 配置信息
* @return 字节输出流
* @throws WriterException
* @throws IOException
* @title 生成条形码图片
*/
public static ByteArrayOutputStream create(String text, int width, int height, String format, EnumMap<EncodeHintType, Object> hintTypes) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hintTypes);
return writeToStream(bitMatrix, format);
}
/**
* 生成带文字的条形图片
*
* @param text 文本内容
* @param filePath 生成文件存放路径
*/
public static void createWithText(String text, String filePath) throws IOException, WriterException {
createWidthLogo(text, BARCODE_WIDTH, BARCODE_HEIGHT, FORMAT, ENCODE_HINTS)
.toFile(filePath);
}
/**
* @param filePath 图片路径
* @return 文本信息
* @throws IOException
* @throws FormatException
* @throws ChecksumException
* @throws NotFoundException
* @title 解析条形码
* @description 解析条形,获取其中文本信息
*/
public static String read(String filePath) throws IOException, FormatException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException {
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = createBinaryBitmap(new FileInputStream(filePath));
return readBarcode(binaryBitmap, DECODE_HINTS).getText();
}
/**
* @param inputStream 输入流
* @return 文本信息
* @throws IOException
* @throws FormatException
* @throws ChecksumException
* @throws NotFoundException
* @title 解析条形码
* @description 解析条形码,获取其中文本信息
*/
public static String read(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException, FormatException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException {
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = createBinaryBitmap(inputStream);
return readBarcode(binaryBitmap, DECODE_HINTS).getText();
}
/**
* @param filePath 图片路径
* @param decodeHints 解析配置
* @return 文本信息
* @throws FormatException
* @throws ChecksumException
* @throws NotFoundException
* @throws IOException
* @title 解析条形码
* @description 解析条形码,获取其中文本信息
*/
private static String read(String filePath, Map<DecodeHintType, Object> decodeHints) throws FormatException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException, IOException {
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = createBinaryBitmap(new FileInputStream(filePath));
return readBarcode(binaryBitmap, decodeHints).getText();
}
/**
* @param inputStream 输入流
* @return 文本信息
* @throws IOException
* @throws FormatException
* @throws ChecksumException
* @throws NotFoundException
* @title 解析条形码
* @description 解析条形码,获取其中文本信息
*/
public static String read(InputStream inputStream, Map<DecodeHintType, Object> decodeHints) throws IOException, FormatException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException {
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = createBinaryBitmap(inputStream);
return readBarcode(binaryBitmap, decodeHints).getText();
}
/**
* @param text 文本内容
* @param barcodeFormat 条形码格式
* @param width 宽度
* @param height 高度
* @param hintTypes 配置
* @return BitMatrix
* @throws WriterException
* @title 生成BitMatrix
*/
private static BitMatrix createBitMatrix(String text, BarcodeFormat barcodeFormat, int width, int height, EnumMap<EncodeHintType, Object> hintTypes) throws WriterException {
MultiFormatWriter writer = new MultiFormatWriter();
return writer.encode(text, barcodeFormat, width, height, hintTypes);
}
/**
* 转成字符输出流
*
* @param bitMatrix bitMatrix
* @param format 图片格式
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static ByteArrayOutputStream writeToStream(BitMatrix bitMatrix, String format) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, format, outputStream);
return outputStream;
}
/**
* 解析条形码
*
* @param binaryBitmap 条形码图类
* @return 解析信息
* @throws FormatException
* @throws ChecksumException
* @throws NotFoundException
*/
private static Result readBarcode(BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap, Map<DecodeHintType, Object> decodeHints) throws FormatException, ChecksumException, NotFoundException {
MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();
return reader.decode(binaryBitmap, decodeHints);
}
/**
* 生成BinaryBitmap
*
* @param inputStream 输入流
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static BinaryBitmap createBinaryBitmap(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bufferedImage);
Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
return new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
}
/**
* 生成带有文本的条形码
*
* @param text 生成文本
* @param qrCodeWidth 条形码宽度
* @param qrCodeHeight 条形码高度
* @param format 图片格式
* @param encodeHints 条形码配置
* @return 输出流
* @throws WriterException
* @throws IOException
*/
private static Thumbnails.Builder<BufferedImage> createWidthLogo(String text, int qrCodeWidth, int qrCodeHeight, String format,
EnumMap<EncodeHintType, Object> encodeHints) throws WriterException, IOException {
BitMatrix bitMatrix = createBitMatrix(text, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, qrCodeWidth, qrCodeHeight, encodeHints);
/* 生成条形码的bufferedImage */
BufferedImage barcode = MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);
/* 创建图片构件对象 */
BufferedImage bg = new BufferedImage(qrCodeWidth, qrCodeHeight + 10, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics bgGraphics = bg.getGraphics();
bgGraphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
bgGraphics.fillRect(0, 0, qrCodeWidth, qrCodeHeight);
Thumbnails.Builder<BufferedImage> builder = Thumbnails.of(bg);
String fontFile = BarcodeUtils.class.getClassLoader()
.getResource(BASE_FONT)
.getPath();
Font font = new Font(fontFile, Font.PLAIN, 12);
BufferedImage textImage = new BufferedImage(qrCodeWidth, font.getSize(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
//获得图片的笔刷
Graphics graphics = textImage.getGraphics();
// 背景颜色
bgGraphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, qrCodeWidth, font.getSize());
graphics.setColor(Color.BLACK);
//文字居中
FontMetrics fm = graphics.getFontMetrics();
graphics.setFont(font);
graphics.drawString(text, (qrCodeWidth - fm.stringWidth(text)) / 2, font.getSize());
BufferedImage textBufferedImage = Thumbnails.of(textImage).size(qrCodeWidth, font.getSize()).asBufferedImage();
/* 设置l位置居中,不透明 */
builder.watermark(Positions.CENTER, barcode, 1F)
.watermark(Positions.BOTTOM_CENTER, textBufferedImage, 1F)
.scale(1F)
.outputFormat(format);
return builder;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, WriterException {
// 生成带文本的条形码,其他方法请查看代码的注释
BarcodeUtils.createWithText("GVB125828", "/qrlogo/barcode.png");
}
}