2018年11月24日 硬盘格式化
[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev/sd* 查看/dev目录下的sd目录
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sdb 新增的sdb硬盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb sdb 硬盘分区
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x5520890d.
Command (m for help): m 显示分区命令下的命令参数
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition 删除分区
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types 分区明细
m print this menu
n add a new partition 创建新的分区格式
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table 详细分区信息
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
Command (m for help): p 详细分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5520890d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n 创建新的分区方式
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) 主分区
e extended 扩展分区
Select (default p): p 选择主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 选择主分区编号
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 选择开始扇区字节,直接回车.
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +5G 选择结束字节 用+5G 来表示
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p 查看分区情况
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5520890d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 10487807 5242880 83 Linux 已创建的信息
Command (m for help): w 保存并推出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. 提示成功
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev/sd* 再用通配符查看一下设备列表
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Nov 26 2018 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 26 15:36 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Nov 26 15:36 /dev/sdb1
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs. +tab 查看一下格式化分类
mkfs.btrfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.minix mkfs.vfat
mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.fat mkfs.msdos mkfs.xfs
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 将sdb1 分区格式化为ext4格式
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
327680 inodes, 1310720 blocks
65536 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /xiaodou 在根目录创建挂载点
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /xiaodou 将sdb1分区挂载到 /xiaodou挂载点上
[root@localhost ~]# df –h 查看挂载详情
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 2.9G 15G 17% /
devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs 994M 140K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 994M 8.9M 986M 1% /run
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
/dev/sdb1 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /xiaodou
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab 要想让挂载点永久生效要编辑/etc/fstab目录 ，编辑内容：/dev/sbd1 /xiaodou ext4 defaults 0 0
[root@localhost ~]# reboot 重启生效
