CountDownLatch和CycliBarrier介绍

一、CountDownLatch

  它被用来同步一个或多个任务,强制他们等待其他任务完成,这就是闭锁。

public CountDownLatch(int count) {
        if (count < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("count < 0");
        this.sync = new Sync(count);
    }

  类中只有一个构造函数,一个int类型的参数count,代表计数器。这个计数器的初始值是线程的数量,每当一个线程结束,count-1,当count==0 时,所有线程执行完毕,在闭锁上等待的线程就可以执行了。

类中还包含了三个公共方法:

public void await()
public boolean await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
public void countDown()

  当每个任务完成时,都会调用countDown()方法。而等待问题被解决的任务在这个锁存器上调用await()方法,这个任务就相当于被挂起了直到 timeout 或 计数器为0

public class CountDownLatchDemo {
    static final int SIZE = 5;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 10, 60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(5));
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(SIZE);
        pool.execute(new WaitTask(countDownLatch));
        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
            pool.execute(new TaskNow(countDownLatch));
        }
    }

}

class TaskNow implements Runnable {
    private final CountDownLatch countDownLatch;

    TaskNow(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("我没完事你别想跑");
        //调用countDown()的方法会减少count次数直到为0,调用await的任务才能进行
        countDownLatch.countDown();
    }
}

class WaitTask implements Runnable {
    private final CountDownLatch countDownLatch;

    WaitTask(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            //调用await的任务会被挂起
            countDownLatch.await();
            System.out.println("终于轮到我了");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
结果:

  我没完事你别想跑
  我没完事你别想跑
  我没完事你别想跑
  我没完事你别想跑
  我没完事你别想跑
  终于轮到我了

二、CylicBarrier

  栅栏类似于闭锁,只是要等到所有线程都到达栅栏,才能进行接下来的动作,在没到达栅栏之前先到的要等待。

构造方法

共有两个构造方法:

 

 

 

public CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction) {
        if (parties <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        this.parties = parties;
        this.count = parties;
        this.barrierCommand = barrierAction;
    }
public CyclicBarrier(int parties) {
        this(parties, null);
    }

CyclicBarrier默认的构造方法是CyclicBarrier(int parties),其参数表示屏障拦截的线程数量,每个线程使用await()方法告诉CyclicBarrier我已经到达了屏障,然后当前线程被阻塞。

CyclicBarrier的另一个构造函数CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction),用于线程到达屏障时,优先执行barrierAction,方便处理更复杂的业务场景。

await()方法

  线程调用await()方法表示已经到达同步点,然后当前线程被阻塞。直到parties个参与线程调用了await()方法,CyclicBarrier同样提供带超时时间的await和不带超时时间的await方法:

public int await() throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
    try {
        return dowait(false, 0L);
    } catch (TimeoutException toe) {
        throw new Error(toe); // cannot happen
    }
}
public int await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)throws InterruptedException,BrokenBarrierException,TimeoutException{...}

 

  可以看到await方法调用了dowait()方法,dowait()方法是核心方法其内容是:如果这个线程不是最后一个到达的线程那么进行等待直到:

  • 最后一个线程到达,即index == 0
  • 某个参与线程等待超时
  • 某个参与线程被中断
  • 调用了CyclicBarrier的reset()方法。该方法会将屏障重置为初始状态

案例

public class CycliBarrierDemo {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int threadCount = 3;
        CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(threadCount);
        ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 10, 60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(1));
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            pool.execute(new Horse(cyclicBarrier, i));
        }
    }
}

class Horse implements Runnable {
    private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
    private int num;

    public Horse(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier, int num) {
        this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
        this.num = num;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("马匹:" + num + "到了");
        try {
            cyclicBarrier.await();
            System.out.println("马匹:" + num + "在等待");
            TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("马匹到齐");
    }
}


结果:

  马匹:0到了
  马匹:2到了
  马匹:1到了
  马匹:1在等待
  马匹:0在等待
  马匹:2在等待
  马匹到齐
  马匹到齐
  马匹到齐

 

 

  

posted @ 2019-11-01 11:13  皮肤黝黑的小白  阅读(497)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报