Android 自定义View和ViewGroup实现密码图案
一、自定义View：GestureLockView
1、定义参数属性：三种状态，无点击、点击、放开，颜色通过构造方法传递，半径通过可分配的空间进行测量
2、测量相关的数据onMeasure：计算最小的宽度，绘制一个三角形Path
3、绘制图形onDraw：根据不同的状态用canvas Paint绘制图形
4、设置当前模式并重绘界面：调用invalidate()方法会触发界面重新绘制会触发onDraw
二、自定义ViewGroup：GestureLockViewGroup继承RelativeLayout
1、测量排列子控件 onMeasure：遍历所有的子控件，初始化子控件GestureLockView的颜色id等数值，使用addView(View
child, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params)方法来添加子控件，计算ViewGroup.LayoutParams 的值包括排列规则，上下左右的
边距
2、处理触摸事件的逻辑onTouchEvent：移动的时候判断点是否落在GestureLockView的中心，怎么判断？当然是遍历处理了。
创建Path线段，保存最后的GestureLockView位置和最后的触摸点。在onTouchEvent里面调用invalidate()重绘界面。
3、绘制连线dispatchDraw：在ViewGroup上面进行绘制的方法dispatchDraw，等同于View里面的onDraw。
import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Paint.Style; import android.graphics.Path; import android.view.View; public class GestureLockView extends View { private static final String TAG = "GestureLockView"; /** * GestureLockView的三种状态 */ enum Mode { STATUS_NO_FINGER, STATUS_FINGER_ON, STATUS_FINGER_UP; } /** * GestureLockView的当前状态 */ private Mode mCurrentStatus = Mode.STATUS_NO_FINGER; /** * 宽度 */ private int mWidth; /** * 高度 */ private int mHeight; /** * 外圆半径 */ private int mRadius; /** * 画笔的宽度 */ private int mStrokeWidth = 2; /** * 圆心坐标 */ private int mCenterX; private int mCenterY; private Paint mPaint; /** * 箭头（小三角最长边的一半长度 = mArrawRate * mWidth / 2 ） */ private float mArrowRate = 0.333f; private int mArrowDegree = -1; private Path mArrowPath; /** * 内圆的半径 = mInnerCircleRadiusRate * mRadus * */ private float mInnerCircleRadiusRate = 0.3F; /** * 四个颜色，可由用户自定义，初始化时由GestureLockViewGroup传入 */ private int mColorNoFingerInner; private int mColorNoFingerOutter; private int mColorFingerOn; private int mColorFingerUp; public GestureLockView(Context context , int colorNoFingerInner , int colorNoFingerOutter , int colorFingerOn , int colorFingerUp ) { super(context); this.mColorNoFingerInner = colorNoFingerInner; this.mColorNoFingerOutter = colorNoFingerOutter; this.mColorFingerOn = colorFingerOn; this.mColorFingerUp = colorFingerUp; mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mArrowPath = new Path(); } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); mWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); mHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); // 取长和宽中的小值 mWidth = mWidth < mHeight ? mWidth : mHeight; mRadius = mCenterX = mCenterY = mWidth / 2; mRadius -= mStrokeWidth / 2; // 绘制三角形，初始时是个默认箭头朝上的一个等腰三角形，用户绘制结束后，根据由两个GestureLockView决定需要旋转多少度 float mArrowLength = mWidth / 2 * mArrowRate; mArrowPath.moveTo(mWidth / 2, mStrokeWidth + 2); mArrowPath.lineTo(mWidth / 2 - mArrowLength, mStrokeWidth + 2 + mArrowLength); mArrowPath.lineTo(mWidth / 2 + mArrowLength, mStrokeWidth + 2 + mArrowLength); mArrowPath.close(); mArrowPath.setFillType(Path.FillType.WINDING); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { switch (mCurrentStatus) { case STATUS_FINGER_ON: // 绘制外圆 mPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE); mPaint.setColor(mColorFingerOn); mPaint.setStrokeWidth(2); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius, mPaint); // 绘制内圆 mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius * mInnerCircleRadiusRate, mPaint); break; case STATUS_FINGER_UP: // 绘制外圆 mPaint.setColor(mColorFingerUp); mPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE); mPaint.setStrokeWidth(2); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius, mPaint); // 绘制内圆 mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius * mInnerCircleRadiusRate, mPaint); drawArrow(canvas); break; case STATUS_NO_FINGER: // 绘制外圆 mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL); mPaint.setColor(mColorNoFingerOutter); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius, mPaint); // 绘制内圆 mPaint.setColor(mColorNoFingerInner); canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius * mInnerCircleRadiusRate, mPaint); break; } } /** * 绘制箭头 * @param canvas */ private void drawArrow(Canvas canvas) { if (mArrowDegree != -1) { mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL); canvas.save(); canvas.rotate(mArrowDegree, mCenterX, mCenterY); canvas.drawPath(mArrowPath, mPaint); canvas.restore(); } } /** * 设置当前模式并重绘界面 * * @param mode */ public void setMode(Mode mode) { this.mCurrentStatus = mode; invalidate(); } public void setArrowDegree(int degree) { this.mArrowDegree = degree; } public int getArrowDegree() { return this.mArrowDegree; } }
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import android.content.Context; import android.content.res.TypedArray; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Path; import android.graphics.Point; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.util.Log; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; import android.widget.RelativeLayout; import com.zhy.zhy_gesturelockview.R; import com.zhy.zhy_gesturelockview.view.GestureLockView.Mode; /** * 整体包含n*n个GestureLockView,每个GestureLockView间间隔mMarginBetweenLockView， * 最外层的GestureLockView与容器存在mMarginBetweenLockView的外边距 * * 关于GestureLockView的边长（n*n）： n * mGestureLockViewWidth + ( n + 1 ) * * mMarginBetweenLockView = mWidth ; 得：mGestureLockViewWidth = 4 * mWidth / ( 5 * * mCount + 1 ) 注：mMarginBetweenLockView = mGestureLockViewWidth * 0.25 ; * * @author zhy * */ public class GestureLockViewGroup extends RelativeLayout { private static final String TAG = "GestureLockViewGroup"; /** * 保存所有的GestureLockView */ private GestureLockView[] mGestureLockViews; /** * 每个边上的GestureLockView的个数 */ private int mCount = 4; /** * 存储答案 */ private int[] mAnswer = { 0, 1, 2, 5, 8 }; /** * 保存用户选中的GestureLockView的id */ private List<Integer> mChoose = new ArrayList<Integer>(); private Paint mPaint; /** * 每个GestureLockView中间的间距 设置为：mGestureLockViewWidth * 25% */ private int mMarginBetweenLockView = 30; /** * GestureLockView的边长 4 * mWidth / ( 5 * mCount + 1 ) */ private int mGestureLockViewWidth; /** * GestureLockView无手指触摸的状态下内圆的颜色 */ private int mNoFingerInnerCircleColor = 0xFF939090; /** * GestureLockView无手指触摸的状态下外圆的颜色 */ private int mNoFingerOuterCircleColor = 0xFFE0DBDB; /** * GestureLockView手指触摸的状态下内圆和外圆的颜色 */ private int mFingerOnColor = 0xFF378FC9; /** * GestureLockView手指抬起的状态下内圆和外圆的颜色 */ private int mFingerUpColor = 0xFFFF0000; /** * 宽度 */ private int mWidth; /** * 高度 */ private int mHeight; private Path mPath; /** * 指引线的开始位置x */ private int mLastPathX; /** * 指引线的开始位置y */ private int mLastPathY; /** * 指引下的结束位置 */ private Point mTmpTarget = new Point(); /** * 最大尝试次数 */ private int mTryTimes = 4; /** * 回调接口 */ private OnGestureLockViewListener mOnGestureLockViewListener; public GestureLockViewGroup(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { this(context, attrs, 0); } public GestureLockViewGroup(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); /** * 获得所有自定义的参数的值 */ TypedArray a = context.getTheme().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup, defStyle, 0); int n = a.getIndexCount(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int attr = a.getIndex(i); switch (attr) { case R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup_color_no_finger_inner_circle: mNoFingerInnerCircleColor = a.getColor(attr, mNoFingerInnerCircleColor); break; case R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup_color_no_finger_outer_circle: mNoFingerOuterCircleColor = a.getColor(attr, mNoFingerOuterCircleColor); break; case R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup_color_finger_on: mFingerOnColor = a.getColor(attr, mFingerOnColor); break; case R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup_color_finger_up: mFingerUpColor = a.getColor(attr, mFingerUpColor); break; case R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup_count: mCount = a.getInt(attr, 3); break; case R.styleable.GestureLockViewGroup_tryTimes: mTryTimes = a.getInt(attr, 5); default: break; } } a.recycle(); // 初始化画笔 mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); // mPaint.setStrokeWidth(20); mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND); mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND); // mPaint.setColor(Color.parseColor("#aaffffff")); mPath = new Path(); } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); mWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); mHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); // Log.e(TAG, mWidth + ""); // Log.e(TAG, mHeight + ""); mHeight = mWidth = mWidth < mHeight ? mWidth : mHeight; // setMeasuredDimension(mWidth, mHeight); // 初始化mGestureLockViews if (mGestureLockViews == null) { mGestureLockViews = new GestureLockView[mCount * mCount]; // 计算每个GestureLockView的宽度 mGestureLockViewWidth = (int) (4 * mWidth * 1.0f / (5 * mCount + 1)); //计算每个GestureLockView的间距 mMarginBetweenLockView = (int) (mGestureLockViewWidth * 0.25); // 设置画笔的宽度为GestureLockView的内圆直径稍微小点（不喜欢的话，随便设） mPaint.setStrokeWidth(mGestureLockViewWidth * 0.29f); for (int i = 0; i < mGestureLockViews.length; i++) { //初始化每个GestureLockView mGestureLockViews[i] = new GestureLockView(getContext(), mNoFingerInnerCircleColor, mNoFingerOuterCircleColor, mFingerOnColor, mFingerUpColor); mGestureLockViews[i].setId(i + 1); //设置参数，主要是定位GestureLockView间的位置 RelativeLayout.LayoutParams lockerParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams( mGestureLockViewWidth, mGestureLockViewWidth); // 不是每行的第一个，则设置位置为前一个的右边 if (i % mCount != 0) { lockerParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, mGestureLockViews[i - 1].getId()); } // 从第二行开始，设置为上一行同一位置View的下面 if (i > mCount - 1) { lockerParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, mGestureLockViews[i - mCount].getId()); } //设置右下左上的边距 int rightMargin = mMarginBetweenLockView; int bottomMargin = mMarginBetweenLockView; int leftMagin = 0; int topMargin = 0; /** * 每个View都有右外边距和底外边距 第一行的有上外边距 第一列的有左外边距 */ if (i >= 0 && i < mCount)// 第一行 { topMargin = mMarginBetweenLockView; } if (i % mCount == 0)// 第一列 { leftMagin = mMarginBetweenLockView; } lockerParams.setMargins(leftMagin, topMargin, rightMargin, bottomMargin); mGestureLockViews[i].setMode(Mode.STATUS_NO_FINGER); addView(mGestureLockViews[i], lockerParams); } Log.e(TAG, "mWidth = " + mWidth + " , mGestureViewWidth = " + mGestureLockViewWidth + " , mMarginBetweenLockView = " + mMarginBetweenLockView); } } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { int action = event.getAction(); int x = (int) event.getX(); int y = (int) event.getY(); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: // 重置 reset(); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: mPaint.setColor(mFingerOnColor); mPaint.setAlpha(50); GestureLockView child = getChildIdByPos(x, y); if (child != null) { int cId = child.getId(); if (!mChoose.contains(cId)) { mChoose.add(cId); child.setMode(Mode.STATUS_FINGER_ON); if (mOnGestureLockViewListener != null) mOnGestureLockViewListener.onBlockSelected(cId); // 设置指引线的起点 mLastPathX = child.getLeft() / 2 + child.getRight() / 2; mLastPathY = child.getTop() / 2 + child.getBottom() / 2; if (mChoose.size() == 1)// 当前添加为第一个 { mPath.moveTo(mLastPathX, mLastPathY); } else // 非第一个，将两者使用线连上 { mPath.lineTo(mLastPathX, mLastPathY); } } } // 指引线的终点 mTmpTarget.x = x; mTmpTarget.y = y; break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: mPaint.setColor(mFingerUpColor); mPaint.setAlpha(50); this.mTryTimes--; // 回调是否成功 if (mOnGestureLockViewListener != null && mChoose.size() > 0) { mOnGestureLockViewListener.onGestureEvent(checkAnswer()); if (this.mTryTimes == 0) { mOnGestureLockViewListener.onUnmatchedExceedBoundary(); } } Log.e(TAG, "mUnMatchExceedBoundary = " + mTryTimes); Log.e(TAG, "mChoose = " + mChoose); // 将终点设置位置为起点，即取消指引线 mTmpTarget.x = mLastPathX; mTmpTarget.y = mLastPathY; // 改变子元素的状态为UP changeItemMode(); // 计算每个元素中箭头需要旋转的角度 for (int i = 0; i + 1 < mChoose.size(); i++) { int childId = mChoose.get(i); int nextChildId = mChoose.get(i + 1); GestureLockView startChild = (GestureLockView) findViewById(childId); GestureLockView nextChild = (GestureLockView) findViewById(nextChildId); int dx = nextChild.getLeft() - startChild.getLeft(); int dy = nextChild.getTop() - startChild.getTop(); // 计算角度 int angle = (int) Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(dy, dx)) + 90; startChild.setArrowDegree(angle); } break; } invalidate(); return true; } private void changeItemMode() { for (GestureLockView gestureLockView : mGestureLockViews) { if (mChoose.contains(gestureLockView.getId())) { gestureLockView.setMode(Mode.STATUS_FINGER_UP); } } } /** * * 做一些必要的重置 */ private void reset() { mChoose.clear(); mPath.reset(); for (GestureLockView gestureLockView : mGestureLockViews) { gestureLockView.setMode(Mode.STATUS_NO_FINGER); gestureLockView.setArrowDegree(-1); } } /** * 检查用户绘制的手势是否正确 * @return */ private boolean checkAnswer() { if (mAnswer.length != mChoose.size()) return false; for (int i = 0; i < mAnswer.length; i++) { if (mAnswer[i] != mChoose.get(i)) return false; } return true; } /** * 检查当前左边是否在child中 * @param child * @param x * @param y * @return */ private boolean checkPositionInChild(View child, int x, int y) { //设置了内边距，即x,y必须落入下GestureLockView的内部中间的小区域中，可以通过调整padding使得x,y落入范围不变大，或者不设置padding int padding = (int) (mGestureLockViewWidth * 0.15); if (x >= child.getLeft() + padding && x <= child.getRight() - padding && y >= child.getTop() + padding && y <= child.getBottom() - padding) { return true; } return false; } /** * 通过x,y获得落入的GestureLockView * @param x * @param y * @return */ private GestureLockView getChildIdByPos(int x, int y) { for (GestureLockView gestureLockView : mGestureLockViews) { if (checkPositionInChild(gestureLockView, x, y)) { return gestureLockView; } } return null; } /** * 设置回调接口 * * @param listener */ public void setOnGestureLockViewListener(OnGestureLockViewListener listener) { this.mOnGestureLockViewListener = listener; } /** * 对外公布设置答案的方法 * * @param answer */ public void setAnswer(int[] answer) { this.mAnswer = answer; } /** * 设置最大实验次数 * * @param boundary */ public void setUnMatchExceedBoundary(int boundary) { this.mTryTimes = boundary; } @Override public void dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.dispatchDraw(canvas); //绘制GestureLockView间的连线 if (mPath != null) { canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint); } //绘制指引线 if (mChoose.size() > 0) { if (mLastPathX != 0 && mLastPathY != 0) canvas.drawLine(mLastPathX, mLastPathY, mTmpTarget.x, mTmpTarget.y, mPaint); } } public interface OnGestureLockViewListener { /** * 单独选中元素的Id * * @param position */ public void onBlockSelected(int cId); /** * 是否匹配 * * @param matched */ public void onGestureEvent(boolean matched); /** * 超过尝试次数 */ public void onUnmatchedExceedBoundary(); } }
