SpringMVC系列之（一）入门程序

Web层，表现层

在这里插入图片描述

入门程序

1. 需求描述

页面上设置一个链接，点击链接后跳转到成功页面。

2. 搭建环境

从骨架创建项目
解决创建项目过慢的问题
项目创建后，完善目录结构，创建相应的目录并设置目录类型
源代码目录（java）和资源目录（resources）

注：我这里已经设置过了，所以就不能再进行设置了
完善pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day01_02_quickstart</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day01_02_quickstart Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <!-- 版本锁定 -->
    <spring.version>5.2.11.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day01_02_quickstart</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

配置前端控制器
创建Spring的配置文件
配置Tomcat并部署项目
配置Tomcat

部署项目

3. 编写代码

首页 index.jsp（原有的index.jsp删除，重新创建）

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门程序</h3>
    <a href="">入门程序</a>
</body>
</html>

Controller

package cn.itcast.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
    public String sayHello(){
        System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC");
        return "success";
    }
}

配置注解扫描
配置加载配置文件
增加跳转页面：success.jsp
配置视图解析器
开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持
完善首页

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门程序</h3>
    <a href="hello">入门程序</a>
</body>
</html>