实验环境是CentOS7:

ssh-keygen产生公钥和私钥对。

ssh-copy-id:将本机的公钥使用ssh协议复制到远程的客户端,ssh协议的公钥和私钥一般存放于~/.ssh下

#主机
[root@~ localhost]#ssh-keygen -t rsa 
#其后也可以跟-P表示输入密码;
[root@~ localhost]#ssh-keygen -t rsa -P "123456"
[root@~ localhost]#ls ./.ssh
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub
#远程连接测试:
[root@~ localhost]#ssh root@172.16.252.182
Last login: Thu Jul 6 13:27:34 2017 from 172.16.251.1
#IP为客户端地址
[root@~ localhost]#ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.252.182

#在客户端查看:
#传之前
[root@~ localhost]#ls ./.ssh
known_hosts
#传之后:authorized_key为传过来
[root@~ localhost]#ls ./.ssh
authorized_keys  known_hosts