Spring的《XML显式装配bean》之通过属性property注入bean
这篇blog主要是介绍两点:
1. 怎样通过属性向对象注入值?
2. 怎样通过属性向对象注入另一个对象的引用?
这里的给对象注入值不是通过构造器注入,而是通过setter方法直接给对象的属性注入值。
1.怎样通过属性向对象注入值?
(1)蛋糕类Cake:这一个领域类我们只需要一个Cake就够了,但是我们在里面会加上名称(name)和大小(size)这两个属性,然后我们通过spring来帮我们赋值注入。
package spring.ch1.topic7_1;
/**
* Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
* 注入属性,记得属性必须要写setter方法 不然就会抛出异常,注入失败.
*/
public class Cake {
private static int index = 0;
private final int id = index++;
private String name = "";
private double size = 0;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getSize() {
return size;
}
public void setSize(double size) {
this.size = size;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "create the cake,its id:" + id + ", size:" + size + " inch ,name:" + name;
}
}
(2)配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--scope默认是单例的-->
<bean id="cake"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake"
scope="singleton">
<property name="name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake"/>
<property name="size" value="7"/>
</bean>
</beans>
配置文件比较重要,我们在Bean里面需要插入property这个标签,然后name这个属性需要跟我们的domain类的属性名字一样,value表示对应的值。
注意:这里首字母可以不区分大小写
也就是
<bean id="cake"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake">
<property name="Name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake" />
<property name="Size" value="7" />
</bean>
和
<bean id="cake"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake">
<property name="name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake" />
<property name="size" value="7" />
</bean>
是一样的。
但是像下面的完全的大写,就会抛异常
<bean id="cake"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake">
<property name="NAME" value="Blueberry Cheesecake" />
<property name="SIZE" value="7" />
</bean>
(3)测试类:没什么特别,只需要get那个Bean出来,然后打印一下几个属性即可。
package spring.ch1.topic7_1;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
/**
* Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
* 通过bean标签下的 property标签注入属性属性
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/spring/ch1/topic7_1/ApplicationContext-test.xml"})
public class CakeTest {
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Test
public void testCake(){
Cake cake = (Cake)applicationContext.getBean("cake");
System.out.println(cake.getId());
System.out.println(cake.getName());
System.out.println(cake.getSize());
}
}
(4)输出:
//output:~
/**
0
Blueberry Cheesecake
7.0
*/
这一章节主要介绍了怎样通过属性向对象注入值,还有中间需要注意的大小写的问题
完整代码的github地址。
2.怎样通过属性向对象注入另一个对象的引用?
(1)domain
我们除了蛋糕类,还需要引用前面的厨师类。
蛋糕类不变:
package spring.ch1.topic7_2;
/**
* Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
* 注入属性,记得属性必须要写setter方法 不然就会抛出异常,注入失败.
*/
public class Cake {
private static int index = 0;
private final int id = index++;
private String name = "";
private double size = 0;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getSize() {
return size;
}
public void setSize(double size) {
this.size = size;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "create the cake,its id:" + id + ", size:" + size + " inch ,name:" + name;
}
}
厨师类增加了蛋糕属性:
package spring.ch1.topic7_2;
/**
* Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
*/
public class Chief {
private Cake cake = null;
private String name = "";
private final int id = index++;
private static int index = 0;
public Chief(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Cake getCake() {
return cake;
}
public void setCake(Cake cake) {
this.cake = cake;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public Cake makeOneCake() {
return cake;
}
}
(2)配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="cake"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Cake"
scope="singleton">
<property name="name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake"/>
<property name="size" value="7"/>
</bean>
<bean id="chief" class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Chief">
<constructor-arg value="jack"></constructor-arg>
<property name="cake" ref="cake"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
配置文件里面:
1).cake不变
2).在chief的Bean里面引用上面已经生产的cake的Bean;同时也在构造器里面赋予名称。
但是这里需要注意一点的是:ref里面的值,必须是你配置文件里面拥有的Bean的id,这里严格大小写,也就是说
<bean id="chief"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Chief">
<constructor-arg value="jack" />
<property name="cake" ref="Cake" />
</bean>
和
<bean id="chief"
class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Chief">
<constructor-arg value="jack" />
<property name="cake" ref="cake" />
</bean>
两者完全是不一样的。
(3)测试类:
package spring.ch1.topic7_2;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
/**
* Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
* 怎样通过属性向对象注入另一个对象的引用
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/spring/ch1/topic7_2/ApplicationContext-test.xml"})
public class CakeTest {
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Test
public void testSinger(){
Chief chief = applicationContext.getBean(Chief.class);
System.out.println("chief name:" + chief.getName());
System.out.println(chief.getName() + " make a cake ,cake's name :" + chief.makeOneCake().getName());
}
}
主要负责get那个Bean,然后打印厨师的名称和所做的蛋糕
(4)输出:
/**
output:~
chief name:jack
jack make a cake ,cake's name :Blueberry Cheesecake
*/
完整代码的github地址。