Spring的《XML显式装配bean》之通过属性property注入bean

这篇blog主要是介绍两点: 
1. 怎样通过属性向对象注入值? 
2. 怎样通过属性向对象注入另一个对象的引用?

这里的给对象注入值不是通过构造器注入,而是通过setter方法直接给对象的属性注入值。

1.怎样通过属性向对象注入值?

(1)蛋糕类Cake:这一个领域类我们只需要一个Cake就够了,但是我们在里面会加上名称(name)和大小(size)这两个属性,然后我们通过spring来帮我们赋值注入。

package spring.ch1.topic7_1;

/**
 * Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
 * 注入属性,记得属性必须要写setter方法  不然就会抛出异常,注入失败.
 */
public class Cake {
    private static int index = 0;

    private final int id = index++;

    private String name = "";

    private double size = 0;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getSize() {
        return size;
    }

    public void setSize(double size) {
        this.size = size;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "create the cake,its id:" + id + ", size:" + size + " inch ,name:" + name;
    }
}

(2)配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!--scope默认是单例的-->
    <bean id="cake"
          class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake"
          scope="singleton">
        <property name="name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake"/>
        <property name="size" value="7"/>

    </bean>

</beans>

配置文件比较重要,我们在Bean里面需要插入property这个标签,然后name这个属性需要跟我们的domain类的属性名字一样,value表示对应的值。

注意:这里首字母可以不区分大小写 
也就是

<bean id="cake"  
        class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake">  
        <property name="Name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake" />  
        <property name="Size" value="7" />  
</bean>  

<bean id="cake"  
        class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake">  
        <property name="name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake" />  
        <property name="size" value="7" />  
</bean>  

是一样的。

但是像下面的完全的大写,就会抛异常

<bean id="cake"  
        class="spring.ch1.topic7_1.Cake">  
        <property name="NAME" value="Blueberry Cheesecake" />  
        <property name="SIZE" value="7" />  
</bean>  

(3)测试类:没什么特别,只需要get那个Bean出来,然后打印一下几个属性即可。

package spring.ch1.topic7_1;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
 * 通过bean标签下的 property标签注入属性属性
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/spring/ch1/topic7_1/ApplicationContext-test.xml"})
public class CakeTest {
    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Test
    public void testCake(){
        Cake cake = (Cake)applicationContext.getBean("cake");
        System.out.println(cake.getId());
        System.out.println(cake.getName());
        System.out.println(cake.getSize());
    }
}

(4)输出:

//output:~
/**
0
Blueberry Cheesecake
7.0
*/

 

这一章节主要介绍了怎样通过属性向对象注入值,还有中间需要注意的大小写的问题

完整代码的github地址

2.怎样通过属性向对象注入另一个对象的引用?

(1)domain 
我们除了蛋糕类,还需要引用前面的厨师类。 
蛋糕类不变:

package spring.ch1.topic7_2;

/**
 * Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
 * 注入属性,记得属性必须要写setter方法  不然就会抛出异常,注入失败.
 */
public class Cake {
    private static int index = 0;

    private final int id = index++;

    private String name = "";

    private double size = 0;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getSize() {
        return size;
    }

    public void setSize(double size) {
        this.size = size;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "create the cake,its id:" + id + ", size:" + size + " inch ,name:" + name;
    }
}

厨师类增加了蛋糕属性:

package spring.ch1.topic7_2;

/**
 * Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
 */
public class Chief {
    private Cake cake = null;
    private String name = "";
    private final int id = index++;
    private static int index = 0;

    public Chief(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Cake getCake() {
        return cake;
    }
    public void setCake(Cake cake) {
        this.cake = cake;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Cake makeOneCake() {
        return cake;
    }
}

(2)配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="cake"
          class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Cake"
          scope="singleton">
        <property name="name" value="Blueberry Cheesecake"/>
        <property name="size" value="7"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="chief" class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Chief">
        <constructor-arg value="jack"></constructor-arg>
        <property name="cake" ref="cake"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

配置文件里面: 
1).cake不变 
2).在chief的Bean里面引用上面已经生产的cake的Bean;同时也在构造器里面赋予名称。

但是这里需要注意一点的是:ref里面的值,必须是你配置文件里面拥有的Bean的id,这里严格大小写,也就是说

<bean id="chief"  
        class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Chief">  
        <constructor-arg value="jack" />  
        <property name="cake" ref="Cake" />  
</bean>  

<bean id="chief"  
        class="spring.ch1.topic7_2.Chief">  
        <constructor-arg value="jack" />  
        <property name="cake" ref="cake" />  
</bean>  

两者完全是不一样的。

(3)测试类:

package spring.ch1.topic7_2;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * Created by louyuting on 17/1/20.
 * 怎样通过属性向对象注入另一个对象的引用
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/spring/ch1/topic7_2/ApplicationContext-test.xml"})
public class CakeTest {
    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Test
    public void testSinger(){
        Chief chief = applicationContext.getBean(Chief.class);
        System.out.println("chief name:" + chief.getName());
        System.out.println(chief.getName() + " make a cake ,cake's name :" + chief.makeOneCake().getName());
    }
}

主要负责get那个Bean,然后打印厨师的名称和所做的蛋糕

(4)输出:

/**
output:~
chief name:jack
jack make a cake ,cake's name :Blueberry Cheesecake
*/

完整代码的github地址

转:https://blog.csdn.net/u010853261/article/details/54648092
posted @ 2018-07-11 16:17  舞羊  阅读(1292)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报