GUI相关内容及案例贪吃蛇实现
简介
GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT
- 因为界面不美观
- 需要jre环境
学习的原因：
- 写出一些小工具
- 工作时维护到swing界面的概率极小
- 了解MVC架构，了解监听！
AWT
AWT介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口！GUI！
- 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
- java.awt
组件和容器
创建窗口组件
import java.awt.*;
//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame对象 看源码
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置背景颜色 Color
frame.setBackground(new Color(85,150,68));
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200,200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
同时创建多个窗口
回顾封装
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//展示多个窗口 new
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.magenta);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
super("Myframe"+(++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
面板Panel
解决了关闭事件！
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(87, 157, 51, 255));
//设置Panel坐标，相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(234, 5, 5));
//frame.add(panel)
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit()
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
布局管理器
- 流式布局
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件-按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
//设置为流式布局
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
frame.setSize(200,200);
//把按钮添加上去
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
- 东西南北中
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(200,200);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
- 表格布局
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
frame.add(btn1);
frame.add(btn2);
frame.add(btn3);
frame.add(btn4);
frame.add(btn5);
frame.add(btn6);
frame.pack();//Java函数，自动布局
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
- 布局嵌套练习（绘制下图所示结构的布局）
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建frame
Frame frame = new Frame("测试练习");
//设置frame参数及布局
frame.setBackground(new Color(252, 253, 252));
frame.setSize(400,300);
frame.setLocation(300,400);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
//设置4个面板及布局
Panel panel01 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
Panel panel02 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
Panel panel03 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel04 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
//向面板中添加Button
panel01.add(new Button("center-n"),BorderLayout.NORTH);
panel01.add(new Button("center-s"),BorderLayout.SOUTH);
panel03.add(new Button("west-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel03.add(new Button("east-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel03.add(panel01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
panel04.add(panel02,BorderLayout.CENTER);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
int m=i;
panel02.add(new Button("center"+(++m)));
}
panel04.add(new Button("east-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel04.add(new Button("west-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(panel03);
frame.add(panel04);
//设置frame关闭操作
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
总结：
- Frame是一个顶级窗口
- Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中
- 布局管理器
- 流式
- 东西南北中
- 表格
- 大小，定位，背景，颜色，可见性，监听
事件监听
事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮，触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
//因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
frame.setVisible(true);
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaa");
}
}
多个按钮，共享一个事件
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮，实现同一个监听
//开始 停止
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
frame.setBounds(200,200,200,200);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显式定义，则会走默认的值！
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg"+e.getActionCommand());
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
}
}
输入框TextField监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TextText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动！
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下enter就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回一个对象
System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
field.setText("");//null
}
}
简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾
oop原则：组合，大于继承
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame01 frame01 = new MyFrame01();
}
}
//计算器类
class MyFrame01 extends Frame{
public MyFrame01(){
//三个文本框
TextField field01 = new TextField(5);
TextField field02 = new TextField(5);
TextField field03 = new TextField(10);
//一个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener01(field01,field02,field03));
Panel panel01 = new Panel();
panel01.add(field01);
//一个标签
panel01.add(new Label("+"));
panel01.add(field02);
panel01.add(button);
panel01.add(field03);
add(panel01);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyActionListener01 implements ActionListener{
//获取三个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyActionListener01(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
this.num1=num1;
this.num2=num2;
this.num3=num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.清除前两个框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
完全改造为面向对象
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame01 frame01 = new MyFrame01();
frame01.loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class MyFrame01 extends Frame{
//属性
TextField field01,field02,field03;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
//三个文本框
field01 = new TextField(5);
field02 = new TextField(5);
field03 = new TextField(10);
//一个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener01(this));
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(field01);
add(label);
add(field02);
add(button);
add(field03);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyActionListener01 implements ActionListener{
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类
MyFrame01 myframe01 = null;
public MyActionListener01(MyFrame01 myframe01){
this.myframe01=myframe01;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(myframe01.field01.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(myframe01.field02.getText());
//2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
myframe01.field03.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.清除前两个框
myframe01.field01.setText("");
myframe01.field02.setText("");
}
}
使用内部类优化
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame01 frame01 = new MyFrame01();
frame01.loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class MyFrame01 extends Frame{
//属性
TextField field01,field02,field03;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
//三个文本框
field01 = new TextField(5);
field02 = new TextField(5);
field03 = new TextField(10);
//一个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener01());
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(field01);
add(label);
add(field02);
add(button);
add(field03);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
//监听器类
//内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻地访问外部的属性和方法！
private class MyActionListener01 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(field01.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(field02.getText());
//2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
field03.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.清除前两个框
field01.setText("");
field02.setText("");
}
}
}
画笔
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void loadFrame(){
setBounds(200,200,600,600);
setVisible(true);
}
//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
//g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(100,100,100,100);
//养成习惯，画笔用完，将其还原到最初的颜色--黑色
}
}
鼠标监听
目的：想要实现鼠标画画
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame{
//画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title){
super(title);
setBounds(200,200,400,300);
//存鼠标点击的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
setVisible(true);
//鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画，监听鼠标的事件
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
//添加一个点到界面上
public void addPaint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
//适配器模式
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
//鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//这个我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！画
//这个点就是鼠标的点；
myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
//每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
myFrame.repaint();//刷新
}
}
}
窗口监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame(){
setBackground(Color.blue);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
this.addWindowListener(
//匿名内部类
new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowOpened(e);
}
//关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowClosing");
System.exit(0);
}
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
}
);
}
/*class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
System.exit(0);//正常退出
}
}*/
}
键盘监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
//键
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame(){
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
//匿名内部类
//键盘按下
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘下的键是哪一个，当前的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据按下键的不同操作，产生不同结果
}
});
}
}
Swing
窗口、面板
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
//init();初始化
public void init(){
//顶级窗口
JFrame frame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
//设置文字Jlabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到Java学习系列节目");
frame.add(label);
//让文本居中，设置水平对齐
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//容器实例化
Container container = frame.getContentPane();
container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
//关闭事件
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
弹窗
JDialog，用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件！
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo(){
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(700,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西，容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
//点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialogDemo();
}
});
container.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialogDemo(){
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
container.add(new Label("秦老师带你学Java"));
}
}
标签
label
new JLabel("xxx");
图标 ICON
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标，需要实现类，Frame需要继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo(){}//无参构造
public IconDemo(int width,int height){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public void init(){
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上！
JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.height;
}
}
图片 ImageIcon
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo(){
//获取图片的地址
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("receive.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,400,400);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
面板
JPanel
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数的意思，间距
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
container.add(panel1);
container.add(panel2);
container.add(panel3);
container.add(panel4);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel 滚动条
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
jTextArea.setText("欢迎学习Java");
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
按钮
图片按钮
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButton01 extends JFrame {
public JButton01(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL resource = JButton01.class.getResource("receive.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
//把这个图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
//add
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButton01();
}
}
单选按钮
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//单选框
JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
//由于单选框只能选择一个，分组，一个组中只能选择一个
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(radioButton1);
group.add(radioButton2);
group.add(radioButton3);
container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
多选按钮
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo03(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//多选框
JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo03();
}
}
下拉框
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo01(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
status.addItem(null);
status.addItem("正在上映");
status.addItem("已下架");
status.addItem("即将上映");
container.add(status);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo01();
}
}
列表框
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame{
public TestComboboxDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//生成列表的内容
//String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
Vector contents = new Vector();
//列表中需要放入内容
JList jList = new JList(contents);
contents.add("zhangsan");
contents.add("lisi");
contents.add("wangwu");
container.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo02();
}
}
- 应用场景
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
- 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容！
文本框
- 文本框
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo01(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);
container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}
}
- 密码框
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame{
public TestTextDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//尽量使用面板操作
JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//******
passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
container.add(passwordField);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo02();
}
}
- 文本域
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
jTextArea.setText("欢迎学习Java");
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
贪吃蛇
- 定义数据
- 画上去
- 监听事件
- 键盘
- 事件
import javax.swing.*;
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new GamePanel());
//正常的游戏内容都在Panel上
}
}
====================================================================================
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
//定义蛇的数据结构
int length;//蛇的长度
int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的X坐标 25*25
int[] snakeY = new int[500];//蛇的Y坐标 25*25
String fx;
//食物的坐标
int foodx;
int foody;
Random random = new Random();
int score;//成绩
//游戏当前的状态：开始，停止
boolean isStart = false;//默认是不开始！
boolean isFail = false;//游戏失败状态
//定时器 以ms为单位 1000ms=1s
Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);//100毫秒执行一次
//构造器
public GamePanel(){
init();
//获得焦点和键盘事件
this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
timer.start();//游戏一开始定时器就启动
}
//初始化方法
public void init(){
length = 3;
snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
fx = "R";//初始方向向右
//把食物随机分布在界面上！
foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
score = 0;
}
//绘制面板，我们游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画笔来画
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
//绘制静态的面板
this.setBackground(Color.white);
Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部广告栏
g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认的游戏界面
//画积分
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
g.drawString("分数"+score,750,50);
//画食物
Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
//把小蛇画上去
if (fx.equals("R")){
Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}else if (fx.equals("L")){
Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}else if (fx.equals("U")){
Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}else if (fx.equals("D")){
Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//第一个身体的坐标
}
//游戏状态
if (isStart==false){
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
}
if (isFail){
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始",300,300);
}
}
//键盘监听事件
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键是哪一个
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){//如果按下的是空格键
if (isFail){
//重新开始
isFail = false;
init();
}else {
isStart = !isStart;//取反
}
repaint();
}
//小蛇移动
if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
fx = "U";
}else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
fx = "D";
}else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
fx = "L";
}else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
fx = "R";
}
}
//事件监听---需要通过固定事件来刷新
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (isStart && isFail == false){//如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来！
//吃食物
if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
length++;//长度 + 1
//分数加10
score = score + 10;
//再次随机生成事物
foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
}
//移动
for (int i = length-1; i > 0; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置 snakeX[1] snakeX[0];
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];//向前移动一节
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
}
//走向
if (fx.equals("R")){
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]+25;
if (snakeX[0]>850){snakeX[0] = 25;}//边界判断
}else if (fx.equals("L")){
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]-25;
if (snakeX[0]<0){snakeX[0] = 825;}//边界判断
}else if (fx.equals("U")){
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]-25;
if (snakeY[0]<75){snakeY[0] = 650;}//边界判断
}else if (fx.equals("D")) {
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
if (snakeY[0] > 650) {snakeY[0] = 75;}//边界判断
}
//失败判断，撞到自己就算失败
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++){
if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
isFail = true;
}
}
repaint();//重画页面
}
timer.start();//定时器开启
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
===================================================================================
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
//数据中心
public class Data {
//图片要放在src文件中
//相对路径 tx.jpg
//绝对路径 / 相当于当前项目
public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/header.png");
public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/up.png");
public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/down.png");
public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/left.png");
public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/right.png");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/body.png");
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/food.png");
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}
作者：wangyudong
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