在C#中该如何阻止虚方法的覆写
在开发过程中,我们为了让一个类更有生命力,有时会用virtual来修饰一个方法好让子类来覆写它。但是如果有更新的子子类来覆写时,我们又不想让其影响到上一层的覆写,这时候就要用到new virtual来阻断覆写了。
public class Animal
{
public virtual void WhoAmI()
{
Console.WriteLine("I am Animal.");
}
}
public class Dog : Animal
{
public override void WhoAmI()
{
Console.WriteLine("I am Dog.");
}
}
public class Dog1 : Animal
{
public new void WhoAmI()
{
Console.WriteLine("I am Dog1.");
}
}
public class HomeDog : Dog
{
/// <summary>
/// 采用new virtual来修饰来阻断覆写
/// </summary>
public new virtual void WhoAmI()
{
Console.WriteLine("I am HomeDog.");
}
}
public class HuskyDog : HomeDog
{
public override void WhoAmI()
{
Console.WriteLine("I am HuskyDog.");
}
}
[TestFixture]
public class RunTest
{
[Test]
public void NewAndOverrideRun()
{
Dog1 x = new Dog1();
x.WhoAmI(); //I am Dog1.
((Animal)x).WhoAmI();//I am Animal.
//new修饰的方法调用,取决于类型。
}
[Test]
public void OverrideRun()
{
Dog x = new Dog();
x.WhoAmI();//I am Dog.
var x1 = x as Animal;
x1.WhoAmI();//I am Dog.
//override修饰符的方法调用,取决于实例化对象的类型
}
[Test]
public void NewVirtualRun()
{
var x = new HomeDog();
x.WhoAmI();//I am HomeDog.
((Dog)x).WhoAmI();//I am Dog.
((Animal)x).WhoAmI();//I am Dog.
//new virtual阻断了方法的向上覆写。并且,Dog的覆写不受影响
}
[Test]
public void NewVirtualThenOverrideRun()
{
var x = new HuskyDog();
x.WhoAmI();//I am HuskyDog.
((HomeDog)x).WhoAmI();//I am HuskyDog.
((Dog)x).WhoAmI();//I am Dog.
((Animal)x).WhoAmI();//I am Dog.
//new virtual 阻断向上的覆写,但是新的子类覆写它时不和原来覆写结果一样。
}
}