004、运行第一个容器（2018-12-19 周三）
按照CloudMan的教程，编写了一个自动安装docker的脚本（和教程中一样，基于ubuntu16.04）
#!/bin/bash
# 该脚本基于 Ubuntu 16.04 64位 操作系统
# 设置主机名
echo 'docker-lab' >/etc/hostname
hostname docker-lab
# 配置Ubuntu源
cat >/etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
EOF
# 配置docker源
apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | apt-key add -
add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
apt-get update
# 安装docker
apt-get -y install docker-ce
# 配置docker加速器（https://www.daocloud.io/mirror），下面的加速链接已做加密处理，请自行申请自己的加速链接
curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://6c4b02a.m.daocloud.io
systemctl restart docker.service
# 测试docker是否安装成功
docker run hello-world
docker安装完毕后，运行一个httpd的容器体验一下
root@docker-lab:~# docker run -d -p 80:80 httpd
Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
a5a6f2f73cd8: Pull complete
ac13924397e3: Pull complete
91b81769f14a: Pull complete
fec7170426de: Pull complete
992c7790d5f3: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:9753aabc6b0b8cd0a39733ec13b7aad59e51069ce96d63c6617746272752738e
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
60ca82f95a9db301d0c464ee627a813a57c0bdd3a4c1a9315e30eedd02b3b721
root@docker-lab:~# curl http://127.0.0.1
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
