C - 编辑距离
时间限制: 1000女士 内存限制: 65536KB 64位输入输出格式: %I64d & %I64u
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描述

Let x and y be two strings over some finite alphabet A. We would like to transform x into y allowing only operations given below:

 

  • Deletion: a letter in x is missing in y at a corresponding position.
  • Insertion: a letter in y is missing in x at a corresponding position.
  • Change: letters at corresponding positions are distinct

 

Certainly, we would like to minimize the number of all possible operations.

Illustration

 

A G T A A G T * A G G C 
| | |       |   |   | |

A G T * C * T G A C G C

 

Deletion: * in the bottom line 
Insertion: * in the top line 
Change: when the letters at the top and bottom are distinct

This tells us that to transform x = AGTCTGACGC into y = AGTAAGTAGGC we would be required to perform 5 operations (2 changes, 2 deletions and 1 insertion). If we want to minimize the number operations, we should do it like

 

A  G  T  A  A  G  T  A  G  G  C 
|  |  |        |     |     |  |

A  G  T  C  T  G  *  A  C  G  C

 

and 4 moves would be required (3 changes and 1 deletion).

In this problem we would always consider strings x and y to be fixed, such that the number of letters in x is m and the number of letters in yis n where n ≥ m.

Assign 1 as the cost of an operation performed. Otherwise, assign 0 if there is no operation performed.

Write a program that would minimize the number of possible operations to transform any string x into a string y.

Input

The input consists of the strings x and y prefixed by their respective lengths, which are within 1000.

Output

An integer representing the minimum number of possible operations to transform any string x into a string y.

Sample Input

10 AGTCTGACGC
11 AGTAAGTAGGC

Sample Output

4
题目大意： 给出两个字符串X,Y，求出从X——>Y的最小操作次数，只可以删除，添加，修改一个字符。
解题思路：

也是DP中比较经典的问题

d[i][j]表示第一个串到i位置，和第二个串到j位置的最短编辑距离

d[i][j]

如果a[i]==b[j]

d[i][j]=min(d[i-1][j-1],d[i-1][j]+1,d[i][j-1]);

否则d[i][j]=min(d[i-1][j-1]+1,d[i-1][j]+1,d[i][j-1]);


程序代码：
 1 #include <cstdio>
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 const int M=1100;
 5 char a[M],b[M] ;
 6 int d[M][M];
 7 int main()
 8 {
 9     int n,i,j,l,r;
10    while( scanf("%d%s",&l,a+1)!=EOF)
11    {
12     scanf("%d%s",&r,b+1);
13    int len=max(l,r);
14     for(i=0;i<=len;i++)
15        {
16            d[i][0]=i;
17            d[0][i]=i;
18        }
19     for(i=1;i<=l;i++)
20         for(j=1;j<=r;j++)
21         {
22             d[i][j]=min(d[i-1][j]+1,d[i][j-1]+1);
23             if(a[i]==b[j])
24                 d[i][j]=d[i-1][j-1];
25             else
26                 d[i][j]=min(d[i][j],d[i-1][j-1]+1);
27         }
28          printf("%d\n",d[l][r]);
29    }
30     return 0;
31 }
View Code