RabbitMQ:生产者消费者模型构建/为消息自定义属性/自定义消费者

一.pom.xml

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<dependencies>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>       <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         <scope>test</scope>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>                 <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>         <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>         <version>3.6.5</version>     </dependency> </dependencies>

二.生产者

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public class Producer {     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {         //创建一个连接工厂         ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();         connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.10.132");         connectionFactory.setPort(5672);         connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");         //创建连接         Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();         //通过连接创建一个Channel         Channel channel = connection.createChannel();         //通过Channel发送数据         channel.basicPublish("","hello",null,"hello world".getBytes());         //关闭连接         channel.close();         connection.close();     } }

这里注意channel.basicPublish方法的第一个参数（exchange）和第二个参数（routingKey）,如果没有指定exchange，指定了routingKey，而routingKey与消费者类中指定的queue的name相同，会通过RabbitMQ的默认Exchange(AMQP default)进行路由。

三.消费者

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public class Consumer {     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {         //创建一个连接工厂         ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();         connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.10.132");         connectionFactory.setPort(5672);         connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");         //创建连接         Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();         //通过连接创建一个Channel         Channel channel = connection.createChannel();         //创建一个队列         String queueName = "hello";         channel.queueDeclare(queueName,true,false,false,null);         //创建一个消费者         QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);         //设置Channel         channel.basicConsume(queueName,true,consumer);         //获取消息         while (true){             QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();             String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());             System.out.println("消费端："+msg);         }       } }

四.运行

先运行消费者，再运行生产者。

在消费者的控制台可以接收到生产者发送的消息。

五.为消息定义属性

1.在生产者这边：

先设置properties:

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//自定义属性 Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>(); headers.put("w","123"); headers.put("w2","456"); //为消息定义属性 AMQP.BasicProperties properties = new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder()         .deliveryMode(2)  //为1时，则不持久化，为2持久化消息         .contentEncoding("UTF-8")         .expiration("100000")//过期时间         .headers(headers)//自定义属性         .build();

再将properties作为参数，传到basicPublish方法中

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1	channel.basicPublish("","hello",properties,"hello world".getBytes());

2.消费者

消费者这边，需要通过Delivery获取properties的相关属性。

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while (true){     QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();     String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());     Map<String, Object> headers = delivery.getProperties().getHeaders();     headers.forEach((x,y)-> System.out.println(x+":"+y));     System.out.println("消费端："+msg); }

打印结果：

六.自定义消费者

可以继承DefaultConsumer类，实现handleDelivery方法

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public class MyConsumer extends DefaultConsumer {       public MyConsumer(Channel channel) {         super(channel);     }       @Override     public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag,                                Envelope envelope,                                AMQP.BasicProperties properties,                                byte[] body) throws IOException {         System.out.println(consumerTag);         System.out.println(envelope);         System.out.println(properties);         System.out.println(new String(body));     } }

　在消费端创建消费者的时候，就可以使用自定义的消费者。

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//创建一个连接工厂 ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory(); connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.10.132"); connectionFactory.setPort(5672); connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/"); //创建连接 Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection(); //通过连接创建一个Channel Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); //创建一个队列 String queueName = "myConsumer"; channel.queueDeclare(queueName,true,false,false,null); //创建一个消费者 //QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel); MyConsumer consumer = new MyConsumer(channel); //设置Channel channel.basicConsume(queueName,true,consumer);

　运行结果：