取石子(好学的C++)

巴什博奕(Bash Game)只有一堆n个物品,两个人轮流从这堆物品中取物,规定每次至少取一个,最多取m个。最后取光者得胜。

显然,如果n=m+1,那么由于一次最多只能取m个,所以,无论先取者拿走多少个,后取者都能够一次拿走剩余的物品,后者取胜。因此我们发现了如何取胜的 法则:如果n=(m+1)r+s,(r为任意自然数,s≤m),那么先取者要拿走s=n/(m+1)个物品,如果后取者拿走k(≤m)个,那么先取者再拿走m+1-k个, 结果剩下(m+1)(r-1)个,以后保持这样的取法,那么先取者肯定获胜。总之,要保持给对手留下(m+1)的倍数,就能最后获胜。

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int total, n, m;
    
    cout << "Welcome to NIM. Pick a staring total: ";
    cin >> total;
    cout << "请输入你想减去值的范围最大值。";
    while (total <= 0)
    {
          cout << "请输入一个大于0的数: ";
          cin >> total;
          if (total > 0)           
          {
             break;          
          }

    }
    while (true)
    {
          //通过判断,做出最好的选择,并打印出结果。
          
          if ((total % m+1 == m))
          {
               total = total - 2;
               cout << "I am subtacting 2." << endl;
          } 
          else 
          {
               total --;
               cout << "I am subtacting 1." << endl;
          }
          cout << "New total is " << total << endl;
          if (total == 0)
          {
                    cout << "I win!" << endl;
                    break;
          }
          
          //获得用户的输入,必须是1或者2;
          
          cout << "Enter num to subtract (1 or 2):";
          cin >> n;
          while (n < 1 || n > 2)
          {
                cout << "Input must be 1 or 2." << endl;
                cout << "Re-enter. ";
                cin >> n;
          } 
          total = total - n;
          cout << "New total is " << total << endl;
          if (total == 0)
          {
             cout << "You win." << endl; 
             break;
          }
          }
          
    system("PAUSE");
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
View Code

 

posted @ 2013-11-29 21:58  waynewuzhenbo  阅读(1223)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报