WCF服务器搭建-服务Host篇(ServiceHostGroup实现host)

研究WCF也有一段时间了，开始研究是因为对remoting的一个应用，然后开始了WCF的学习历程，对于Hello World的Demo这里就不记载啦，当我摸索了一段时间之后，发现一个问题一直在困扰着我，就是众所周知可以通过ServiceHost来host一个个的WCF服务实例，然而，当WCF服务的数量比较庞大的时候，应该用那种方式来host服务呢，在《Advanced .Net Remoting》的作者博文中，看到了一个做法，也是我一直想实现的做法，提的要求有两个：

1、多个服务统一部署和管理，方便加减服务。

2、WCF独立配置文件，独立于app.config和web.config配置文件。

做了个简单的例子，大家可以参考参考：

1、通过 configFileMap.ExeConfigFilename 设置独立配置文件目录。

 //get custom config file name by our rule: config file name = ServiceType.Name
 // var myConfigFileName = this.Description.ServiceType.FullName;
  var myConfigFileName = "WCFSetting";
 //get config file path
  string dir = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase;
  string myConfigFilePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(dir, myConfigFileName + ".config");            
  var configFileMap = new System.Configuration.ExeConfigurationFileMap();
  configFileMap.ExeConfigFilename = myConfigFilePath;
  var conf = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(configFileMap,ConfigurationUserLevel.None);   
  // ServiceModelSectionGroup svcmod =   (ServiceModelSectionGroup)conf.GetSectionGroup("system.serviceModel");
  var svcmod = System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ServiceModelSectionGroup.GetSectionGroup(conf);

 

2、自定义ServiceHost来实现WCF服务的配置信息从自定义的config中读取。

   

public class MyServiceHost : ServiceHost
    {

        public MyServiceHost(Type t):base(t)
        {
            
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// override ApplyConfiguration to load config from custom file
        /// </summary>
        protected override void ApplyConfiguration()
        {
            //get custom config file name by our rule: config file name = ServiceType.Name
           // var myConfigFileName = this.Description.ServiceType.FullName;
            var myConfigFileName = "WCFSetting";
            //get config file path
            string dir = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase;
            string myConfigFilePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(dir, myConfigFileName + ".config");
            if (!System.IO.File.Exists(myConfigFilePath))
            {
                base.ApplyConfiguration();
                return;
            }
            var configFileMap = new System.Configuration.ExeConfigurationFileMap();
            configFileMap.ExeConfigFilename = myConfigFilePath;
            var config = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(configFileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
            var serviceModel = System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ServiceModelSectionGroup.GetSectionGroup(config);
            if (serviceModel == null)
            {
                base.ApplyConfiguration();
                return;
            }
            foreach (ServiceElement serviceElement in serviceModel.Services.Services)
            {
                if (serviceElement.Name == this.Description.ServiceType.FullName)
                {
                    LoadConfigurationSection(serviceElement);
                    return;
                }
            }
            throw new Exception("there is no service element match the description!");
        }
    }

 3、通过static List<ServiceHost>来实现多服务统一管理：

    public class ServiceHostGroup
    {
        static List<ServiceHost> _hosts = new List<ServiceHost>();
        /// <summary>
        /// open and host servcie.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="t"></param>
        private static void OpenHost(Type t)
        {
            try
            {
                MyServiceHost hst = new MyServiceHost(t);
                Type ty = hst.Description.ServiceType;//ty
                hst.Open();
                _hosts.Add(hst);
                
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                
                throw;
            }
            
        }
        public static void StartAllConfiguredServices()  
        {
            //get custom config file name by our rule: config file name = ServiceType.Name
            // var myConfigFileName = this.Description.ServiceType.FullName;
            var myConfigFileName = "WCFSetting";
            //get config file path
            string dir = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase;
            string myConfigFilePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(dir, myConfigFileName + ".config");            
            var configFileMap = new System.Configuration.ExeConfigurationFileMap();
            configFileMap.ExeConfigFilename = myConfigFilePath;
            var conf = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(configFileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);   
           // ServiceModelSectionGroup svcmod =   (ServiceModelSectionGroup)conf.GetSectionGroup("system.serviceModel");
            var svcmod = System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ServiceModelSectionGroup.GetSectionGroup(conf);
            foreach (ServiceElement el in svcmod.Services.Services)  {
                string Namespace = el.Name.Substring(0, el.Name.LastIndexOf("."));
                Type svcType = Type.GetType(el.Name + "," + Namespace);
                if (svcType == null)   throw new Exception("Invalid Service Type " + el.Name + " in configuration file.");
                OpenHost(svcType);
            }
        }
        public static void CloseAllServices()
        {
            foreach (ServiceHost hst in _hosts)
            {
                hst.Close();
            }
        }
    }

4、配置文件WCFSetting.config如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <system.serviceModel>
        <behaviors>
            <serviceBehaviors>
                <behavior name="WcfServerBehavior">
                    <!-- 为避免泄漏元数据信息，请在部署前将以下值设置为 false 并删除上面的元数据终结点-->
                    <serviceMetadata/>
                    <!-- 要接收故障异常详细信息以进行调试，请将以下值设置为 true。在部署前设置为 false 以避免泄漏异常信息-->
                    <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
                </behavior>
            </serviceBehaviors>
        </behaviors>
        <services>        
            <service name="BusContractService.BuyFruitService" behaviorConfiguration="WcfServerBehavior">
                <endpoint binding="netTcpBinding" contract="IBusContract.IBuyFruit" bindingConfiguration="ServerBinding" address=""/>
                <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
                <host>
                    <baseAddresses>
                        <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:3287/MeiyaWcf/IBuyFruit"/>
                    </baseAddresses>
                </host>
            </service>
        </services>
        <bindings>
            <!--安全http-->
            <wsHttpBinding>
                <binding name="NoneSecurity" maxBufferPoolSize="12000000" maxReceivedMessageSize="12000000" useDefaultWebProxy="false">
                    <readerQuotas maxStringContentLength="12000000" maxArrayLength="12000000"/>
                    <security mode="None"/>
                </binding>
            </wsHttpBinding>
            <!--Tcp-->
            <netTcpBinding>
                <binding name="ServerBinding">
                    <security mode="None">
                        <transport clientCredentialType="None"/>
                        <message clientCredentialType="None"/>
                    </security>
                </binding>
            </netTcpBinding>
        </bindings>
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

5、在相应的应用程序载体加入代码段：

    ServiceHostGroup.StartAllConfiguredServices();

至于WCF服务端实例代码就不贴啦,这样做的好处，多个WCF统一管理，WCF配置文件独立，方便管理。当然，代码还有很多需要优化的，等总结的篇章再给个完善点的方案吧。