docker安装并运行mysql

　　docker拉取mysql镜像：

[mall@VM_0_7_centos ~]$ sudo docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
80369df48736: Pull complete 
e8f52315cb10: Pull complete 
cf2189b391fc: Pull complete 
cc98f645c682: Pull complete 
27a27ac83f74: Pull complete 
fa1f04453414: Pull complete 
d45bf7d22d33: Pull complete 
c7d49ffebc56: Pull complete 
511a8052b204: Pull complete 
5d5df4c12444: Pull complete 
d482603a2922: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:44b33224e3c406bf50b5a2ee4286ed0d7f2c5aec1f7fdb70291f7f7c570284dd
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

　　docker拉取mysql之后，我们来启动它：　　

[mall@VM_0_7_centos ~]$ sudo   docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \
>   -v /mydata/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
>   -v /mydata/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
>   -v /mydata/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql \
>   -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root  \
>   -d mysql:5.7
[sudo] password for mall: 
8030a830a7b8af46fefd197e37c91cccfce867eb3593b08a64050fc90fefb98f

　　参数说明：

　　--name mysql：自定义容器名为“mysql”

　　-p 3306:3306：前者是你当前主机的3306端口，后者是当前容器中的3306端口，做了一个映射

　　-v /mydata/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql：将容器的配置文件夹/etc/mysql挂在到当前主机/mydata/mysql/conf

　　-v /mydata/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql：将容器的日志文件夹/var/log/mysql挂载到当前主机/mydata/mysql/log

　　-v /mydata/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql/：将容器的数据文件夹/var/lib/mysql挂载到当前主机/mydata/mysql/data

　　-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root：初始化root用户的密码为root

　　我们进入该容器，登入mysql并创建新数据库mall：

[mall@VM_0_7_centos ~]$ sudo docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
[sudo] password for mall: 
root@8030a830a7b8:/# mysql -uroot -proot --default-character-set=utf8 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database mall character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

　　将sql文件上传至本地：

[mall@VM_0_7_centos ~]$ cd mydata
[mall@VM_0_7_centos mydata]$ rz -y
rz waiting to receive.
 zmodem trl+C ȡ

  100%     185 KB  185 KB/s 00:00:01       0 Errors

　　从本地复制sql文件到docker：

[mall@VM_0_7_centos ~]$ sudo docker cp mydata/mall.sql mysql:/
[sudo] password for mall: 

　　重新登入mysql，进入mall数据库，执行导入操作：

mysql> use mall;
mysql> source /mall.sql;

　　创建新账号，赋予所有权限给其他ip访问：

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'reader' @'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)