DRF 多对多序列化和反序列化

Django 序列化和反序列化

一、 序列化

• 查询所有的学生的信息，包括任课老师

  • models.py

    from django.db import models
    
    # 学生类
    class Student(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    
        # 老师类
    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')
    

  • serializer.py

    from rest_framework import serializers
    from . import models
    
    # 老师序列化
    class TeacherSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = models.Teacher
            fields = ('id','name')
    # 学生序列化
    class StudentSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
            name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
            teacher = TeacherSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)
    

  • views.py

    # 查询所有的学生对应的老师
    studentobj = models.Student.objects.all()
    stu = StudentSerializer(studentobj,many=True)
    return Response(stu.data)
    

  • 结果

    [
        {
            "name": "小张",
            "teacher": [
                {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "郑老师"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "小李",
            "teacher": [
            {
                "id": 4,
                "name": "董老师"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
        "name": "小夏",
        "teacher": []
        },
        {
        "name": "小徐",
        "teacher": []
        }
    ]
    

• 查询所有的老师的信息，包括所教学生

  • models.py

    from django.db import models
    
    # 学生类
    class Student(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    
    # 老师类
    class Teacher(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')
    

  • serializer.py

    from rest_framework import serializers
    from . import models
    
    # 学生序列化
    class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = models.Teacher
            fields = ('id','name')
    # 老师序列化
    class TeacherSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
        name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = StudentSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)
    

  • views.py

    teacherobj = models.Teacher.objects.all()
    teach = TeacherSerializer1(teacherobj,many=True)
    return Response(teach.data)
    

  • 结果

    [
        {
            "name": "王老师",
            "students": []
            },
            {
            "name": "刘老师",
            "students": []
            },
        {
            "name": "郑老师",
            "students": [
                {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "小张"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "董老师",
            "students": [
                {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "小李"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
    

二、反序列化

• 老师添加学生

  • models.py

    from django.db import models
    
    # 学生类
    class Student(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    
    
    # 老师类
    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')
    

  • serializer.py

    # 反序列化
    class TeacherUnserializer(serializers.Serializer):
        id = serializers.IntegerField()
        student_id = serializers.ListField()
    
        def create(self,data):
            tid = data.pop('id')
            student_id = data.pop('student_id')
            teacherobj = models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=tid).first()
            teacherobj.students.set(
                student_id
            )
            return teacherobj
    

  • views.py

    data = {
        "id":2,
        "student_id":[1,2,3,4]
    }
    obj = TeacherUnserializer(data=data)
    if obj.is_valid():
        obj.save()
    print(obj.errors)
    return Response('ok')
    

• 学生添加老师

  • models.py

    from django.db import models
    
    # 学生类
    class Student(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    
    # 老师类
    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')
    

  • serializer.py

    # 反序列化
    class StudentUnserializer(serializers.Serializer):
        id = serializers.IntegerField()
        teacher_id = serializers.ListField()
    
        def create(self,data):
            id = data.pop('id')
            teacher_id = data.pop('teacher_id')
            studentobj = models.Student.objects.filter(id=id).first()
            studentobj.teacher.set(
                teacher_id
            )
            return studentobj
    

  • views.py

    data = {
        "id": 2,
        "teacher_id": [1, 2, 3, 4]
    }
    obj = StudentUnserializer(data=data)
    if obj.is_valid():
        obj.save()
    print(obj.errors)
    return Response('ok')
    

非常感谢刘同学对我代码的指正，非常的感谢！