框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

前言：

　　最近没什么事做，搭个框架写成博客记录下来，拉通一下之前所学知识.

　　话不多说，我们直接步入正题。

　　准备工作：

　　　　 1/安装并配置java运行环境

　　　　 2/数据库的安装配置（Mysql）

　　　　 3/安装并配置服务器(Tomcat)

　　　　 4/Maven

　　　　 5/ IntelliJIDEA的安装配置（本人使用的主要软件是IntelliJIDEA,没用eclipse什么的）

　　　　6/ 使用IntelliJIDEA创建一个web app项目。

　　　　貌似就这些了吧

导包

不同于以往的导包，由于我们创建的是maven的webapp项目，所以现在只需配置下pomxml这个配置文件，系统会自动到maven的中央仓库去下载相应的包.

本人的pom.xml配置文件如下（都写有说明的哈）：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>XRog</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssh</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>ssh Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <!-- 本人将配置包的版本信息都统一放入此处，方便以后管理-->
  <properties>
    <springVersion>4.3.1.RELEASE</springVersion>
    <hibernateVersion>4.3.5.Final</hibernateVersion>
    <jstlVersion>1.2</jstlVersion>
    <taglibVersion>1.1.2</taglibVersion>
    <servletVersion>3.0-alpha-1</servletVersion>
    <jsonVersion>1.9.13</jsonVersion>
    <jacksonVersion>2.5.0</jacksonVersion>
    <mysqlVersion>5.1.38</mysqlVersion>
    <c3p0Version>0.9.1.2</c3p0Version>
    <log4jVersion>1.2.17</log4jVersion>
    <fileuploadVersion>1.3.1</fileuploadVersion>
    <lombokVersion>1.16.10</lombokVersion>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- 单元测试 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring web + spring MVC-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- hibernate配置-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
      <version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- hibernate 缓存, 视情况添加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
      <version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- jsp页面使用的jstl支持-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>${jstlVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>${taglibVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>${servletVersion}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- DataBase数据库连接 mysql包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysqlVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 数据库连接池-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>${c3p0Version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- json数据 使springMVC可以返回json值 ,视情况添加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
      <version>${jsonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Jackson可以轻松的将Java对象转换成json对象和xml文档,同样也可以将json、xml转换成Java对象-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- log4j配置, 视情况添加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4jVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--文件 上传-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>${fileuploadVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- lombok插件导包-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>${lombokVersion}</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>


  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <finalName>ssh</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

OK，配置后运行下maven,就会自动向中央仓库下载相应的包啦！（这个就不多说了）。

SpringMVC配置

我现在在这里把我配置后的结构拿出来给你们看下

我们先配置下SpringMVC的配置：resources/META-INF/spring-mvc.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
       
       <!-- 启动注解驱动的spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
       <mvc:annotation-driven />

 　　　 <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh" />

    <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="views/" />      <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />   <!-- 后缀 -->
    </bean>
    
    <!--这里是对静态资源的映射-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/resources/img/" />

</beans>

好了，我们现在修改下web.xml这个配置文件，完善下SpringMVC的配置， web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
        <!-- 地址为http://localhost:8080/  显示的默认网页-->
        <welcome-file-list>
          <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>

        <!-- spring MVC config start-->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
              <param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        <!-- spring MVC config end-->

</web-app>

OK，SpringMVC配置完成，现在我们进行一下测试吧

在controller层新建一个MainController，内容如下

package com.ssh.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;


/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
 */
@Controller
public class MainController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test(){
//        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
        return "test";
    }
}

test.jsp网页如下：

<html>
<body>
<center>
<h2 style="color: #ff261a;">this is my test page!</h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>

重启Tomcat服务器，然后浏览器访问http://localhost/test如下图所示：

PS： Tomcat默认端口是8080，我更改了端口号，如若你们为更改，正确的访问地址是localhost：8080/test

OK，成功访问。

SpringMVC+Spring整合

这个就十分简单了，配置applicationContext.xml这个Spring的配置文件如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

        <!-- 自动扫描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
            <!-- 扫描时跳过 @Controller 注解的JAVA类（控制器） -->
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>

</beans>

完善web.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
        <!-- 地址为http://localhost:8080/  显示的默认网页-->
        <welcome-file-list>
          <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>

    <!--加载Spring的配置文件到上下文中去-->
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>
                classpath:META-INF/applicationContext.xml
            </param-value>
        </context-param>

        <!-- spring MVC config start-->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
              <param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        <!-- spring MVC config end-->


        <!-- Spring监听器 -->
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>

        <!--  字符集过滤  -->
        <filter>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

web.xml配置文件中更改了三处：引入Spring配置文件 Spring的监听器以及字符集过滤

OK，Spring+SpringMVC配置完成，下面我们开始测试：

在service写一个TestServiceImpl实现TestService接口并实现其test()方法，代码如下：

package com.ssh.service.impl;

import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/1/2017.12:58 AM
 */
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {
    public String test() {
        return "test";
    }
}

PS:这里注意写@Service注解

MainController控制器更改如下：

package com.ssh.controller;

import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;


/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
 */
@Controller
public class MainController {

    @Autowired
    private TestService testService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test(){
//        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
        return "test";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "springtest", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String springTest(){
        return testService.test();
    }
}

控制器这里我们运用了Spring的依赖注入自动装配。

在浏览器中输入地址http://localhost/springtest调用springtest方法

yes，成功返回，说明我们之前的配置没问题

Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合

好了，现在就缺hibernate这个框架了。。我先给大家看些我搭建好之后的结构图吧

我们想来编写config.properties这个配置文件，里面存放的是hibernate的一些配置

#database connection config
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://?????:3306/ssh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = ???

#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

这里连接数据库的参数由于我是连接我晚上的数据库，因此我数据库地址和密码打了“？？？”,你们连接时改成自己本地的就OK了

下面配置hibernate，这里我为了方便，就直接写进applicationContext.xml里面。配置后的applicationContext.xml如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

    <!--********************************************配置Spring***************************************-->
        <!-- 自动扫描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
            <!-- 扫描时跳过 @Controller 注解的JAVA类（控制器） -->
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>


    <!--********************************************配置hibernate********************************************-->

    <!--扫描配置文件(这里指向的是之前配置的那个config.properties)-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/config.properties" />

    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />  <!--数据库连接驱动-->
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />     <!--数据库地址-->
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />   <!--用户名-->
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />   <!--密码-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40" />      <!--最大连接数-->
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />       <!--最小连接数-->
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />      <!--初始化连接池内的数据库连接-->
        <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20" />  <!--最大空闲时间-->
    </bean>

    <!--配置session工厂-->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ssh.entity" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <!--hibernate根据实体自动生成数据库表-->
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>   <!--指定数据库方言-->
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>     <!--在控制台显示执行的数据库操作语句-->
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>     <!--在控制台显示执行的数据哭操作语句（格式）-->
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 事物管理器配置  -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

OK，到了这里，配置结束。下面进入测试阶段

实体类（entity)：

package com.ssh.entity;

import lombok.Data;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:03 PM
 */
@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "Person")
public class Person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    @Column(name = "created")
    private Long created = System.currentTimeMillis();

    @Column(name = "username")
    private String username;

    @Column(name = "address")
    private String address;

    @Column(name = "phone")
    private String phone;

    @Column(name = "remark")
    private String remark;
}

　　PS：我这里用了一个@Data注解，此注解会自动生成get方法，set方法，toString方法等一系列方法，功能十分强大，不过需要安装插件以及导包，有兴趣的可以百度下

　　　当然，你也可以手动编写get/set/构造方法。

数据库访问层（repository）:

package com.ssh.repository;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:28 PM
 */
public interface DomainRepository<T,PK extends Serializable>{
    T load(PK id);

    T get(PK id);

    List<T> findAll();

    void persist(T entity);

    PK save(T entity);

    void saveOrUpdate(T entity);

    void delete(PK id);

    void flush();
}

package com.ssh.repository;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:25 PM
 */
public interface PersonRepository extends DomainRepository<Person,Long> {
}

package com.ssh.repository.impl;

import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:30 PM
 */
@Repository
public class PersonRepositoryImpl implements PersonRepository {

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    private Session getCurrentSession() {
        return this.sessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    public Person load(Long id) {
        return (Person)getCurrentSession().load(Person.class,id);
    }

    public Person get(Long id) {
        return (Person)getCurrentSession().get(Person.class,id);
    }

    public List<Person> findAll() {
        return null;
    }

    public void persist(Person entity) {
        getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
    }

    public Long save(Person entity) {
        return (Long)getCurrentSession().save(entity);
    }

    public void saveOrUpdate(Person entity) {
        getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
    }

    public void delete(Long id) {
        Person person = load(id);
        getCurrentSession().delete(person);
    }

    public void flush() {
        getCurrentSession().flush();
    }
}

　　PS:我这里显示写了一个比较通用的接口，其他所有接口皆继承此接口，再编写实现类

　　注意：我这里写的session产生是调用的SessionFactory的openSession（）这个方法。之前使用getCurrentSession()一直报错，后来百度了一下才知道，hibernate3版本可以使用getCurrentSession()来创建session，而hibernate4版本则不行。

服务层（service）:

package com.ssh.service;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:39 PM
 */
public interface PersonService {
    Long savePerson();
}

package com.ssh.service.impl;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:40 PM
 */
@Service
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository personRepository;

    public Long savePerson() {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setUsername("XRog");
        person.setPhone("18381005946");
        person.setAddress("chenDu");
        person.setRemark("this is XRog");
        return personRepository.save(person);
    }
}

控制层（controller）:

package com.ssh.controller;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;


/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
 */
@Controller
public class MainController {

    @Autowired
    private PersonService personService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "savePerson", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public String savePerson(){
        personService.savePerson();
        return "success!";
    }
}

OK，编写完毕，我们重启下服务器然后测试：