第11步：数据库冗余
目前在ASM上控制文件只有一份，需要给控制文件做镜像
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查看当前控制文件
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代码1
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[root@sgdb1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@sgdb1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=sgdb1 //第2个节点为：export ORACLE_SID=sgdb2
[oracle@sgdb1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> show parameter control_files
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files string +BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current.256.887810989
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复制控制文件
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（1）两个节点分别关闭数据库
代码2
| [oracle@sgdb1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
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代码3
| [oracle@sgdb2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
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（2）启动数据库到nomount状态（实例之一即可）
代码4
| SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.0055E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2261888 bytes
Variable Size 5435821184 bytes
Database Buffers 4596957184 bytes
Redo Buffers 19742720 bytes
查看控制文件位置
SQL> show parameter control_files;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files string +BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current
.256.887810989
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（3）使用RMAN复制控制文件（实例之一即可）
代码5
| [oracle@sgdb1 ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> restore controlfile to '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' from
'+BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current.256.887810989';
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（4）查看新生成的控制文件副本
注意：新生成的文件名目前没有看到，可以通过grid用户，使用asmcmd查看
代码6
| [grid@sgdb1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
[grid@sgdb1 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd DATA/SGDB/CONTROLFILE
ASMCMD> ls
Current.256.887810989
current.269.887816799
显然，新生成的文件名字为current.269.887816799
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（5）修改SPFILE
注意RAC不能像单实例那样直接修改pfile，不要轻易使用“create pfile from spfile;”命令创建PFILE文件，因此还是老老实实地修改spfile吧：
代码7
| [oracle@sgdb1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
当前状态应该已经为nomount
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
STARTED
修改参数文件
SQL> alter system set control_files = '+BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current.256.887810989', '+BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current.269.887816799' scope = spfile;
System altered.
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（6）分别重启两个数据库（sgdb1 & sgdb2），查看控制文件
代码8
| SQL> startup force;
SQL> show parameter control_files;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files string +BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current
.256.887810989, +BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/con
trolfile/current.269.887816799
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REDO LOG冗余
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目前REDO LOG一共有8组，每个组只有一名成员，需要做镜像
代码9
| [oracle@sgdb1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
拷贝下面语句，执行添加成员
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 1;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 2;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 3;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 4;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 5;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 6;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 7;
alter database add logfile member '+BJ_SGDB_DATA' to group 8;
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终于，OracleRAC安装完成！
==============================================================================
1.rman-00554:initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
rman-04005:error from target database:
ORA-12162:TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified
解决过程：
忘记了，下次在遇到留意下。
2.启动RAC其中一个节点正常，启动第二个节点报错，提示如下：
SQL> startup force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size 2260088 bytes
Variable Size 444597128 bytes
Database Buffers 616562688 bytes
Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes
ORA-01105: mount is incompatible with mounts by other instances
ORA-01606: parameter not identical to that of another mounted instance
解决过程：
之前的步骤修改SPFILE修改参数文件，应该两个节点同时关闭，同时以nomount方式启动，同时执行
alter system set control_files = '+BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current.256.887810989', '+BJ_SGDB_DATA/sgdb/controlfile/current.269.887816799' scope = spfile;
System altered.
问题解决。
