python3 pandas模块import报错: 不编译解决 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'

前言全局说明

ubuntu 18.04
Python 3.8.17

一、环境

ubuntu 18.04
Python 3.8.17

二、报错内容

Traceback (most recent call last):
	  File "main.py", line 23, in <module>
		import pandas as pd
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/__init__.py", line 22, in <module>
		from pandas.compat import is_numpy_dev as _is_numpy_dev  # pyright: ignore # noqa:F401
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/compat/__init__.py", line 25, in <module>
		from pandas.compat.numpy import (
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
		from pandas.util.version import Version
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/util/__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
		from pandas.core.util.hashing import (  # noqa:F401
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/util/hashing.py", line 24, in <module>
		from pandas.core.dtypes.common import (
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/dtypes/common.py", line 26, in <module>
		from pandas.core.dtypes.base import _registry as registry
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/dtypes/base.py", line 24, in <module>
		from pandas.errors import AbstractMethodError
	  File "/home/qtbuild/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/errors/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
		import ctypes
	  File "/usr/local/python3817/lib/python3.8/ctypes/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
		from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
	ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'

三、网上的，解决方法

安装依赖库，重新编译安装
centos

sudo yum install libffi-devel -y

Ubuntu

sudo apt install libffi-dev -y

四、解决方法

翻遍了网上文章，都是让执行完上面步骤三，再重新编译安装，但是在生产环境再编译安装，风险比较大，就当我快要放弃，准备重新编译安装时，
看到 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43189737/article/details/134065576 文章，
里面提到 so 名字，突然灵感一现，报错不就是缺少so文件么，在其他地方找相应的版本，编译好，把其他环境的so放到服务器上so目录里不就行了。经过测试，确实可行。

sudo cp  _ctypes.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so /usr/local/python3
817/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/

cpython-38 要注意名字，有的可能是 cpython-38m ,多了个m

另：
之前尝试用系统里3.6版本的so 放到 3.8里，失败了，所以在别的地方编译好，放到生产环境目录里就行。

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免责声明：本号所涉及内容仅供安全研究与教学使用，如出现其他风险，后果自负。

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参考、来源：
https://blog.csdn.net/ccgshigao/article/details/115315790
https://www.cnblogs.com/qa-freeroad/p/14575832.html (有官方介绍)