Linux shell 获取变量部分路径、文件名、文件后缀

以 make 文件为例：

file=/usr/bin/make

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[root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%*/} /usr/bin/make   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%%*/} /usr/bin/make   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%%/*}   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%/*} /usr/bin   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file#/*} usr/bin/make   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file##/*}     [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file##*/} make   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file#*/} usr/bin/make

　　

file=/usr/share/man/man1/make.1.gz

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[root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%*/} /usr/share/man/man1/make.1.gz   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%%*/} /usr/share/man/man1/make.1.gz   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%%/*}   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file%/*} /usr/share/man/man1   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file#/*} usr/share/man/man1/make.1.gz   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file##/*}   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file##*/} make.1.gz   [root@CentOs7]# echo ${file#*/} usr/share/man/man1/make.1.gz