Django中的python文件上传

一、上传到本地

准备工作:

models中创建表:

class Book(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=40
    )
    icon = models.ImageField(
        upload_to="icons"  # 指定文件保存的路径名 系统自动创建
    )

settings中配置存储路径

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/uploads")

生成一个不重复的文件名:

import uuid,hashlib

def get_unique_str():
    uuid_str = str(uuid.uuid4())
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    md5.update(uuid_str.encode('utf-8'))
    return md5.hexdigest()

 

方法一(文件保存到本地和数据库):

views视图中的写法:

def test1(req):
    if req.method == 'GET':
        return render(req, 'mybook.html',{'book_name':book.name,'icon':icon_url})
    name = req.POST.get('name')
    myfile = req.FILES.get('icon')
    book = Book.objects.create(name=name,icon=myfile)  #将数据存储到Book表中
    return HttpResponse('OK')

前端页面写法:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/app/test1/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="书名"><br>
    <input type="file" name="icon"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

拼接图片的网络路径,可通过该路径在浏览器上显示出图片

 icon_url = "http://{}/static/uploads/{}".format(
            req.get_host(), #获取访问的域名加端口
            book.icon.url  #图片的路径字符串
        )

方法二(文件保存到本地):

views视图中的写法:

from .myutil import get_unique_str
def test2(req):
    if req.method == 'GET':
        return render(req,'mybook.html')
    else:
        name = req.POST.get('name')
        myfile = req.FILES.get('icon')
        filename = get_unique_str()+'.'+myfile.name.split('.')[-1]

        # 文件路径
        filepath = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT,filename)
        f = open(filepath,'wb')
        for i in myfile.chunks():
            f.write(i)
        f.close()
        return HttpResponse('OK')

前端页面的写法:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/app/test2/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="书名"><br>
    <input type="file" name="icon"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

二、上传到oss(***)

进入阿里云OSS管理控制台,找到以下信息

 

views视图中的写法

import oss2
from io import BytesIO
def upload_to_oss(req):
  if req.method == 'GET':
  return render(req,'mybook.html')

  # 将找到的信息填入下面空缺处
    endpoint = ''
    access_key_id = ''
    access_key_secret = ''
    bucket_name = ''
    bucket_name_host = ""
    # 生成一个认证对象
    auth = oss2.Auth(access_key_id, access_key_secret)

    bucket = oss2.Bucket(auth, endpoint, bucket_name)

    # 获取文件
    f = req.FILES.get("icon")
    # 实例化io
    buf = BytesIO()
    # 写入到内存
    for i in f.chunks():
        buf.write(i)
    # 调整指针到开头
    buf.seek(0)

    # 上传
    filename = get_unique_str() + "." + f.name.split(".")[-1]
    bucket.put_object(filename, buf.getvalue())return HttpResponse('ok')

 前端页面写法:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/app/upload_to_oss/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="书名"><br>
    <input type="file" name="icon"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

  图片最终会被上传到阿里云OSS管理控制台中你选择的bucket的文件管理中。

posted @ 2018-10-29 19:15  WuSir_ZJ  阅读(6220)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报