源码地址: https://gitee.com/kevin9401/BackUpDataBase
git 拉取: https://gitee.com/kevin9401/BackUpDataBase.git
一、需求:
定时备份数据库数据
二、分析:
1. 定时任务
2. 备份数据库表结构和数据
三、实现:
1. pom 文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.kevin</groupId>
<artifactId>backupdatabase</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.15</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.awaitility</groupId>
<artifactId>awaitility</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2. application.yml 文件
spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.100.120:3306/test01?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: kevin02 password: Kevin123! sqlbackup: path: /export/servers/db_backup/
3. BackUpDataBaseManager —— 具体操作数据库备份
package com.kevin.manager;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author dell
* @version: task.java v 1.0, 2020年01月18日 12:47
* @Description 数据库操作
**/
@Service
public class BackUpDataBaseManager {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BackUpDataBaseManager.class);
@Value("${spring.datasource.driver-class-name}")
private String driverClassName;
@Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
private String url;
@Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
private String userName;
@Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
private String password;
@Value("${sqlbackup.path}")
private String sqlPath;
/**
* 获取数据库名
*/
public String getDataBaseName() {
return url.substring(url.indexOf("3306"), url.indexOf("?")).replaceAll("/", "").replaceAll("3306", "");
}
/**
* 获取主机地址
*/
private String getHost() {
return url.substring(url.indexOf("mysql"), url.indexOf("3306")).replace(":", "").replace("//", "").replace("mysql", "");
}
/**
* 导出 sql 并返回相关信息
*/
public void exportSql(String time) {
// 指定导出的 sql 存放的文件夹
File saveFile = new File(sqlPath);
if (!saveFile.exists()) {
saveFile.mkdirs();
}
String host = getHost();
String dataBaseName = getDataBaseName();
String fileName = time + "_" + "cloudpm.sql";
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// 拼接备份命令
sb.append("mysqldump").append(" --opt").append(" -h ").append(host).append(" --user=").append(userName).append(" --password=").append(password);
sb.append(" --result-file=").append(sqlPath + fileName).append(" --default-character-set=utf8 ").append(dataBaseName);
try {
Process exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(sb.toString());
if (exec.waitFor() == 0) {
log.info("数据库备份成功,保存路径:" + sqlPath);
} else {
System.out.println("process.waitFor()=" + exec.waitFor());
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("备份 数据库 出现 IO异常 ", e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error("备份 数据库 出现 线程中断异常 ", e);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("备份 数据库 出现 其他异常 ", e);
}
}
}
3. 定时任务
package com.kevin.schedule;
import com.kevin.manager.BackUpDataBaseManager;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
/**
* @author dell
* @version: ScheduledTasks.java v 1.0, 2020年02月11日 11:38
* @Description 定时任务
**/
@Component
public class ScheduledTasks {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduledTasks.class);
private static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmssSS");
@Autowired
private BackUpDataBaseManager backUpDataBaseManager;
/**
* 每天下午4点50分30秒执行
*/
@Scheduled(cron = "30 50 16 * * ?")
public void reportCurrentTime() {
String format = dateFormat.format(System.currentTimeMillis());
log.info("The time is now {}", format);
backUpDataBaseManager.exportSql(format);
}
}
4. 启动类
package com.kevin; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; /** * @author dell * @version: TaskAppliacation.java v 1.0, 2020年02月11日 12:12 * @Description **/ @SpringBootApplication @EnableScheduling public class TaskApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(TaskApplication.class); } }
5. 执行:
启动程序:
执行结果(文件名 _ 前面为 时间戳):
sz 命令下载
默认下载到 下载目录
文件内容:
思路:使用
mysqldump --opt -h hostname --user=username --password=password --result-file=/dir/filename --default-character-set=utf8 dbname
命令
hostname :数据库所在主机
username:数据库连接用户名
password:数据库连接密码
result-file:结果文件。指定目录+文件名
dbname:需要导出的数据库名
如:
mysqldump --opt -h 192.168.100.120 --user=kevin --password=Kevin123! --result-file=/export/servers/db_backup/2020021216503001_cloudpm.sql --default-character-set=utf8 test01
注意事项:
网上有说 加个 锁表的参数 --lock-all-tables=true
但报 无 reload 权限,直接拿 语句执行,也报相同的问题:
mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'FLUSH TABLES': Access denied; you need (at leas……)
通过 grant 进行授权也不行
直到看到
然后 去掉了 --lock-all-tables=true
就可以执行成功了
参考:
spring 官网 关于 schedule 的 demo:https://spring.io/guides/gs/scheduling-tasks/
备份数据库需要的权限:https://blog.csdn.net/Enjolras_fuu/article/details/87603634
RDS for MySQL Mysqldump常见问题及处理:https://my.oschina.net/HeAlvin/blog/849035