ORM基础3 在python脚本里调用Django环境

1、查询

    1.# all获取所有的object,结果QuerySet,列表
    print('all'.center(80, '='))
    ret = models.Person.objects.all()
    print(ret)
    2.# filter 删选;结果:QuerySet list;不会报错,结果为空
    print('filter'.center(80, '='))
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(id=1)
    print(ret)
    3.# 对象 若对象不存在,则报错
    print("get".center(80, '='))
    ret = models.Person.objects.get(id=1)
    print(ret)
    4.# exclude除了 结果:QuerySet list
    print("exclude".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.exclude(id=1)
    print(ret)
    5.# values 查询字段  结果:QuerySet list dict
    print("values".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.values("name", "age")
    print(ret)
    6.# values_list 字段 结果:QuerySet list tuple
    print("values_list".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.values_list("name", "age")
    print(ret)
    7.# order_by  排序(正序)  结果:QuerySet list
    print("order_by".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.order_by("age")
    print(ret)
    8.# reverse 取反,结果:QuerySet list 注意:reverse()前必须先排序
    print("reverse".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.order_by("age").reverse()
    print(ret)
    9.# count 计数有几行数据(包含表头)
    print("count".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Book.objects.count()
    print(ret)
    10.# 查看第一个元素
    print("first".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Book.objects.first()
    print(ret)
    11.# 查看最后一个元素
    print("last".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.last()
    print(ret)
    12.# 查看是否存在数据行
    print("exists".center(80, "="))
    ret = models.Person.objects.exists()
    print(ret)

QuerySet

1. all()
2. filter()
3. exclude()
4.values() 字典
5.values_list() 元祖
6.order_by()
7.reverse()

对象

1.get()
2.first()
3.laste()

其它

count()

2、神奇的双下方法-->根据字段查询

    1.# lt(小于) gt(大于) lte(小于等于) gte(大于等于)
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(id__gt=2, id__lte=4)
    print(ret)
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(id__gte=2, id__lt=4)
    print(ret)
    2.# in  not in
    print("in and not in".center(80, "*"))
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(id__in=[1, 3, 4])
    print(ret)
    ret = models.Person.objects.exclude(id__in=[1, 3])
    print(ret)
    3.# range 相对于 mysql的between and  是闭区间
    print("range".center(80, "*"))
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(id__range=[2, 4])
    print(ret)
    4.# contains 相当于mysql like '%o%',icontains不区分大小写
    print("contains".center(80, "*"))
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(name__contains="o")
    print(ret)
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(name__icontains="o")
    print(ret)
    5.# startswith 以什么开始 ,含有i不区分大小写
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(name__startswith='t')
    print(ret)
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(name__istartswith='t')
    print(ret)
    6.# endswith 以什么结尾,带i的不区分大小写
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(name__endswith='r')
    print(ret)
    7.# 日期 year month day
    ret = models.Person.objects.filter(birthday__day=15)
    print(ret)

注意:字段__判断条件

3、在python脚本里调用Django环境

import os

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # manage.py 文件里有
    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'mysite04.settings')
    import django
    django.setup()
    from app01 import models

 

posted @ 2019-07-29 14:41  市丸银  阅读(176)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报