Seata安装与使用

seata版本: 1.6.1

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官方文档

下载链接

seata server安装事项

seata server即seata术语中的TC(事务协调者)，用于维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚。

搭建seata server总体上注意下面这些点

注册中心，registry.type，支持file(本地文件，默认)、redis、nacos、euraka、consul等注册中心
配置中心，config.type，支持file(本地文件，默认)、redis、nacos、apollo、consul等配置中心
事务会话信息存储方式，store.mode，支持file、db、redis，一般都会使用db方式，需要初始化一些表

搭建时可以参考官网文档中运维指南->部署章节，资源目录介绍

在下载的资源包中script中存在以下目录

client

存放client端sql脚本 (包含 undo_log表) ，参数配置，1.6.1版本没看到该目录
config-center

各个配置中心参数导入脚本，config.txt(包含server和client，原名nacos-config.txt)为通用参数文件
server

server端数据库脚本 (包含 lock_table、branch_table 与 global_table) 及各个容器配置

seata server启动

存储模式使用db，注册中心、配置中心都使用nacos

建表

将server目录下的数据库文件执行，主要是global_table、branch_table、lock_table、distributed_lock四张表。

在mysql中先创建seatadb数据库，然后建表。该版本的建表语句需要使用mysql 8.0以上版本

修改存储模式store.mode为db

seata server就是一个spring boot应用，配置可在application.yml文件进行修改。启动脚本修改了程序的application.yml文件位置，不需要到jar包内部去改，路径为conf/application.yml，此外同目录下application.example.yml中附带额外配置，可以进行复制。修改配置如下所示

seata:
  store:
    # support: file 、 db 、 redis
    mode: db
    # 这些属性可以从nacos配置中心读取(可不写)
    db:
      datasource: druid
      db-type: mysql
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      # 数据库名使用第一步的数据库
      url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seatadb?rewriteBatchedStatements=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
      user: root
      password: 123456
      min-conn: 10
      max-conn: 100
      global-table: global_table
      branch-table: branch_table
      lock-table: lock_table
      distributed-lock-table: distributed_lock
      query-limit: 1000
      max-wait: 5000

修改注册中心registry.type为nacos

配置文件同上面

seata:
  registry:
    # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      namespace: c7123a1e-d438-412c-af72-cdf3ab18a547
      cluster: default

修改配置中心config.type为nacos

配置文件同上面

seata:
  config:
    # support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      namespace: c7123a1e-d438-412c-af72-cdf3ab18a547
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      data-id: seata.properties

同步配置到nacos配置中心

上面将配置中心修改成了nacos，因此要将配置推送到nacos配置中心去，下载的资源包已经提供了同步脚本，路径是/script/config-center，配置文件为config.txt。进入nacos目录，执行脚本即可。

修改文件中store.db相关属性，如上面第二点所示，修改后的如下所示

#For details about configuration items, see https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/user/configurations.html
#Transport configuration, for client and server
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableTmClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.enableRmClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.enableTcServerBatchSendResponse=false
transport.rpcRmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTcRequestTimeout=30000
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none

#Transaction routing rules configuration, only for the client
service.vgroupMapping.default_tx_group=default

service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false

#Transaction rule configuration, only for the client
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=true
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.sagaJsonParser=fastjson
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
#For TCC transaction mode
tcc.fence.logTableName=tcc_fence_log
tcc.fence.cleanPeriod=1h

#Log rule configuration, for client and server
log.exceptionRate=100

#Transaction storage configuration, only for the server. The file, db, and redis configuration values are optional.
store.mode=db
#Used for password encryption
#store.publicKey=


#These configurations are required if the `store mode` is `db`. If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `db`, you can remove the configuration block.
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seatadb?rewriteBatchedStatements=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000


#Transaction rule configuration, only for the server
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
server.xaerNotaRetryTimeout=60000
server.session.branchAsyncQueueSize=5000
server.session.enableBranchAsyncRemove=false
server.enableParallelRequestHandle=false

#Metrics configuration, only for the server
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

执行脚本

sh nacos-config.sh -h localhost -p 8848 -g SEATA_GROUP -t c7123a1e-d438-412c-af72-cdf3ab18a547

执行完发现在nacos配置中心，每一项属性key作为一个dataId存在，但是1.6.1版本的seata已经支持从一个dataId中读取所有属性了，因此手动在nacos中新建一个data-id=seata.properties、group=SEATA_GROUP、namespace=c7123a1e-d438-412c-af72-cdf3ab18a547的配置文件，然后将config.txt文件里的内容复制进去就好了。

启动seata server

# -h 指定IP，该IP将会被注册到注册中心, 多网卡机器可以使用此参数指定确切的IP
# -p seata server监听端口, 默认为seata应用程序启动端口 + 100, 应用程序启动的端口在application.yml中可修改, 默认7091
# seata应用程序启动的端口7091是seata控制台页面使用的端口
# 本例子nacos注册的IP和端口为192.168.2.102:8091
sh seata-server.sh -h 192.168.2.102 -p 8091

启动日志在seata安装目录/logs下

seata server docker部署

官方文档

使用docker部署和手动部署没啥区别

下载镜像
```
docker pull seataio/seata-server:1.6.1
```

获取启动的默认配置文件，用于修改，启动一个临时的容器

# 启动临时容器
docker run --name seata-server -p 8091:8091 -p 7091:7091 seataio/seata-server:1.6.1
# 拷贝默认配置文件(将resources目录拷贝到宿主机指定目录下)
docker cp seata-server:/seata-server/resources /Users/wangtao/Developer/docker-compose/seata-1.6.1
# 删除临时容器(先停止)
docker rm seata-server

修改resources目录下的application.yml文件（同手动部署）

主要注意下nacos的ip以及namespace，store.mode=db。docker容器内可以直接根据宿主机的ip来访问宿主机的应用。

宿主机无网络环境下可通过虚拟域名形式访问host.docker.internal

server:
  port: 7091

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-server

logging:
  config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
  file:
    path: ${user.home}/logs/seata
  extend:
    logstash-appender:
      destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
    kafka-appender:
      bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
      topic: logback_to_logstash

console:
  user:
    username: seata
    password: seata

seata:
  config:
    # support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 192.168.2.102:8848
      namespace: 1a309f28-39f8-4229-97ee-5bbdd446c3f4
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      data-id: seata.properties
  registry:
    # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 192.168.2.102:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      namespace: 1a309f28-39f8-4229-97ee-5bbdd446c3f4
      cluster: default
  store:
    # support: file 、 db 、 redis
    mode: db
#  server:
#    service-port: 8091 #If not configured, the default is '${server.port} + 1000'
  security:
    secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
    tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
    ignore:
      urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login

同步配置到nacos配置中心，namespace、group、dataId得一致

主要修改store.db相关内容

#For details about configuration items, see https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/user/configurations.html
#Transport configuration, for client and server
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableTmClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.enableRmClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.enableTcServerBatchSendResponse=false
transport.rpcRmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTcRequestTimeout=30000
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none

#Transaction routing rules configuration, only for the client
service.vgroupMapping.default_tx_group=default

service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false

#Transaction rule configuration, only for the client
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=true
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.sagaJsonParser=fastjson
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
#For TCC transaction mode
tcc.fence.logTableName=tcc_fence_log
tcc.fence.cleanPeriod=1h

#Log rule configuration, for client and server
log.exceptionRate=100

#Transaction storage configuration, only for the server. The file, db, and redis configuration values are optional.
store.mode=db
#Used for password encryption
#store.publicKey=

#These configurations are required if the `store mode` is `db`. If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `db`, you can remove the configuration block.
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.102:3306/seatadb?rewriteBatchedStatements=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000

#Transaction rule configuration, only for the server
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
server.xaerNotaRetryTimeout=60000
server.session.branchAsyncQueueSize=5000
server.session.enableBranchAsyncRemove=false
server.enableParallelRequestHandle=false

#Metrics configuration, only for the server
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

建表(与手工部署一致)

docker command or docker-compose.yml

docker run -d --name seata-server \
        -p 8091:8091 \
        -p 7091:7091 \
        -e SEATA_IP=192.168.2.102 \
        -e EATA_PORT=8091 \
        -e STORE_MODE=db \
        -v /Users/wangtao/Developer/docker-compose/seata-1.6.1/resources:/seata-server/resources  \
        seataio/seata-server:1.6.1

services:
  seata-server:
    image: seataio/seata-server:1.6.1
    container_name: seata-server
    ports:
      - "7091:7091"
      - "8091:8091"
    environment:
      # 可不用, 会从配置中心读取, 加上这个万一配置中心配置有问题加载不到配置时会报错可提前发现问题
      - STORE_MODE=db
      # 以SEATA_IP作为host注册到注册中心，使用宿主机ip
      - SEATA_IP=192.168.2.102
      - SEATA_PORT=8091
    volumes:
      - ./resources:/seata-server/resources

客户端整合

每个客户端数据库新建以下表

CREATE TABLE `undo_log`
(
    `id`            bigint       NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `branch_id`     bigint       NOT NULL,
    `xid`           varchar(100) NOT NULL,
    `context`       varchar(128) NOT NULL,
    `rollback_info` longblob     NOT NULL,
    `log_status`    int          NOT NULL,
    `log_created`   datetime     NOT NULL,
    `log_modified`  datetime     NOT NULL,
    `ext`           varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB;

每个客户端应用引入依赖

<!-- 此版本和seata服务端保持一致 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
  <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  <version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 和Spring-Cloud-Alibaba版本保持一致即可 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
  <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
  <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
      <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
      <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </exclusion>
  </exclusions>
</dependency>

每一个客户端bootstrap.yml文件增加seata配置

# seata服务注册信息, 用于下面引用, 避免重复粘贴
meta:
  seata:
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      namespace: c7123a1e-d438-412c-af72-cdf3ab18a547
      group: SEATA_GROUP

seata:
  enabled: true
  application-id: ${spring.application.name}
  # 事务分组, 后面细讲
  tx-service-group: default_tx_group
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      # 应与seata-server实际注册的服务名一致
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: ${meta.seata.nacos.server-addr}
      namespace: ${meta.seata.nacos.namespace}
      group: ${meta.seata.nacos.group}
  config:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: ${meta.seata.nacos.server-addr}
      namespace: ${meta.seata.nacos.namespace}
      group: ${meta.seata.nacos.group}
      data-id: seata.properties

使用

只需要在需要分布式事务的方法前加上注解即可@GlobalTransactional

事务分组概念

参照官方文档事务分组

这里简单描述下，为了方便理解，详细可以看官方文档

seata-server(即事物协调者TC)可以向nacos注册中心注册多个实例，当然服务名肯定是一样，但是有一个cluster属性可以不同，相同cluster的是一个集群。即多个实例可以构成多个集群，但是服务名是一样的。那么相应的客户端便是事务分组这么一个概念，一个事务分组可以访问一个集群，客户端的事务分组和TC集群建立一个映射关系。

举例:

TC有两个集群clusterA、clusterB，服务名为seata-server

客户端应用有A、B、C 3个微服务，事务分组分别为group1、group2

然后事务分组与TC集群映射关系为group1 -> clusterA、group2 -> clusterB

那么微服务A、B只能拿到TC clusterA集群下的节点信息，微服务C只能拿到TC clusterB集群下的节点信息。

TC cluster注册配置(服务端注册中心配置)

seata:
  registry:
    # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
    type: nacos
      nacos:
        application: seata-server
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        group: SEATA_GROUP
        namespace: c7123a1e-d438-412c-af72-cdf3ab18a547
        # 集群名称
        cluster: clusterA

客户端事务分组指定

seata:
  tx-service-group: group1

事务分组与TC cluster映射关系

通过用户配置的配置中心去寻找service.vgroupMapping .[事务分组名]=[TC cluster name]或者直接通过bootstrap.yml文件配置seata.service.vgroup-mapping.事务分组名=集群名称

service.vgroupMapping.group1=clusterA

客户端代码

分为3个微服务seata-business、seata-order、seata-storage。

其中seata-order用于下单，seata-storage用于扣减库存、seata-business通过open feign调用这两个服务完成购买商品过程。

为了简单起见只用了一个数据库(seatadb)。

项目地址

posted on 2023-02-26 23:47 wastonl 阅读(1569) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报