python ddt 实现数据驱动一
ddt 是第三方模块,需安装, pip install ddt
DDT包含类的装饰器ddt和两个方法装饰器data(直接输入测试数据)
通常情况下,data中的数据按照一个参数传递给测试用例,如果data中含有多个数据,以元组,列表,字典等数据,需要自行在脚本中对数据进行分解或者使用unpack分解数据。
@data(a,b)
那么a和b各运行一次用例
@data([a,d],[c,d])
如果没有@unpack,那么[a,b]当成一个参数传入用例运行
如果有@unpack,那么[a,b]被分解开,按照用例中的两个参数传递
具体看下面的例子:
import unittest from ddt import ddt,data,unpack @ddt class MyTesting(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): print('this is the setUp') @data([1,2,3]) def test_1(self,value): print(value) @data([3,2,1],[5,3,2],[10,4,6]) @unpack def test_minus(self,a,b,expected): actual = int(a) - int(b) expected = int(expected) self.assertEqual(actual, expected) @data([2,3],[4,5]) def test_compare(self,a,b): self.assertEqual(a,b) def tearDown(self): print('this is tearDown') if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(verbosity=2)
结果分析:
1. test_1的测试结果是ok的, 因为 [1,2,3] 作为一个整体传给value,所有value 打印的值是[1,2,3]
test_1_1__1__2__3_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ok test_compare_1__2__3_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ERROR [1, 2, 3]
2. test_minus的测试结果也是ok的,由于在@data(...)下加了@unpack, 代表会把数据分解,得到3组测试数据,分别为:
1.[3,2,1]
2.[5,3,2]
3.[10,4,6]
test_minus_1__3__2__1_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ok test_minus_2__5__3__2_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ok test_minus_3__10__4__6_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ok
3. test_compare的测试结果是fail的,由于没有加@unpack, 虽然还是会被理解成2组测试数据,但是[2,3]作为一个整体被传给了a, 因为b就没有值传入了,所以一执行后报了 TypeError: test_compare() missing 1 required positional argument: 'b' 这句错。
test_compare_1__2__3_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ERROR test_compare_2__4__5_ (__main__.MyTesting) ... ERROR
this is the setUp ERROR: test_compare_1__2__3_ (__main__.MyTesting) this is tearDown ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\ddt.py", line 139, in wrapper return func(self, *args, **kwargs) TypeError: test_compare() missing 1 required positional argument: 'b' ====================================================================== ERROR: test_compare_2__4__5_ (__main__.MyTesting) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\ddt.py", line 139, in wrapper return func(self, *args, **kwargs) TypeError: test_compare() missing 1 required positional argument: 'b'
@data()里的数据组可以为元祖,list,字典
@ddt class MyTest(unittest.TestCase): @data((8, 6), (4, 0), (15, 6)) @unpack def test_tuples(self, first, second): self.assertTrue(first > second) @data([30, 29], [40, 30], [5, 3]) @unpack def test_list(self, first, second): self.assertTrue(first > second) '''
data()里的数组为为字典时,方法的参数名为字典的key值
''' @data({'first': 1, 'second': 3, 'third': 5}, {'first': 4, 'second': 7, 'third': 8}) @unpack def test_dicts(self, first, second, third): self.assertTrue(first < second < third) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(verbosity=2)
def get_Csv(filename): rows = [] with open(filename,encoding='utf-8') as f: readers = csv.reader(f) for row in readers: rows.append(row) return rows @ddt class MyTest(unittest.TestCase): @data(*get_Csv('test_csv.csv')) @unpack def test_data_csv(self,v1,v2,v3): print(v1) print(v2) print(v3)
以上就是ddt 的学习总结,ddt 还有file_data(可以从json或者yaml中获取测试数据)的驱动方式,下篇继续。