django restframework 简单总结
官方文档:http://www.django-rest-framework.org/
model.py
class Snippet(models.Model):
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, default='')
code = models.TextField()
linenos = models.BooleanField(default=False)
books = models.ForeignKey('Books', null=True)
class Meta:
ordering = ('created',)
class Books(models.Model):
booktitle = models.CharField(max_length=50)
snippets = models.ForeignKey('Snippet')
1.序列化
from rest_framework import serializers
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
owner = serializers.ReadOnlyField(source="owner.name") # 重写外键字段
class Meta:
model = User #表名称
fields = ('id', 'username','snippet') # 要序列化的类
2.views
第一种写法:
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
from rest_framework import generics
class SnippetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
"""自动给你写好get和post"""
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
class SnippetDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
"""自动给你写好get、put和delete"""
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
第二种写法:
from rest_framework import viewsets
class SnippetViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
3.permissions
permissions.py
from rest_framework import permissions
class IsOwnerOrReadOnly(permissions.BasePermission):
"""
Custom permission to only allow owners of an object to edit it.
"""
def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
# Read permissions are allowed to any request,
# so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.
if request.method in permissions.SAFE_METHODS:
return True
# Write permissions are only allowed to the owner of the snippet.
return obj.owner == request.user
上面类的意思是只允许创建者去修改
from snippets.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
在views.py文件里添加
类的属性:
permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,
IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)
4.Hyperlinked APIs 超链接
外键正向查询:
class SnippetSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Snippet
fields = ('id', 'title', 'code', 'linenos','books')
urls.py文件里必须设置name参数,否则会报错
url(r'^snippets/$',views.SnippetList.as_view(),
name='snippet-list'),
url(r'^snippets/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$',views.SnippetDetail.as_view(),
name='snippet-detail'),
反向查询:
class BooksSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
snippets = serializers.HyperlinkedRelatedField(many=True, view_name="snippet-detail",read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Books
fields = ('id', 'booktitle')
感谢关注