SQL：在指定数据库的所有表的所有列中搜索给定的值

最近因ERP项目，我们需要知道前台数据导入功能Application操作的导入字段都写入到了后台数据库哪些表的哪些列，比如：我们导入了某个客户的资料，我们知道此客户的姓名是ZhangShan，我们想知道，在我们的业务数据库(eg:NorthWind)中，有哪些数据表的哪些字段设置了此姓名值ZhangShan,通过下面的SQL，我们就可以实现此目的，此处的SQL搜索自网上，在此处做了局部修改。

一、搜索数据是String类型

适用于搜索Text,NText,Varchar,Nvarchar,Char,NChar等类型

1、创建存储过程:My_Search_StringInGivenTable

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[My_Search_StringInGivenTable]    Script Date: 09/25/2011 15:37:14 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[My_Search_StringInGivenTable]
(@SearchString NVARCHAR(MAX),
@Table_Schema sysname,
@Table_Name sysname)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Columns NVARCHAR(MAX), @Cols NVARCHAR(MAX), @PkColumn NVARCHAR(MAX)

-- Get all character columns
SET @Columns = STUFF((SELECT ', ' + QUOTENAME(Column_Name)
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE DATA_TYPE IN ('text','ntext','varchar','nvarchar','char','nchar')
AND TABLE_NAME = @Table_Name
ORDER BY COLUMN_NAME
FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')

IF @Columns IS NULL -- no character columns
   RETURN -1

-- Get columns for select statement - we need to convert all columns to nvarchar(max)
SET @Cols = STUFF((SELECT ', cast(' + QUOTENAME(Column_Name) + ' as nvarchar(max)) as ' + QUOTENAME(Column_Name)
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE DATA_TYPE IN ('text','ntext','varchar','nvarchar','char','nchar')
AND TABLE_NAME = @Table_Name
ORDER BY COLUMN_NAME
FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')

SET @PkColumn = STUFF((SELECT N' + ''|'' + ' + ' cast(' + QUOTENAME(CU.COLUMN_NAME) + ' as nvarchar(max))'
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE CU ON TC.TABLE_NAME = CU.TABLE_NAME
AND TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = CU.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND Tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE ='PRIMARY KEY' AND TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = @Table_Schema AND TC.TABLE_NAME = @Table_Name
ORDER BY CU.COLUMN_NAME
FOR XML PATH('')),1,9,'')

IF @PkColumn IS NULL
    SELECT @PkColumn = 'cast(NULL as nvarchar(max))'

-- set select statement using dynamic UNPIVOT
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @SQL = 'select *, ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Schema,'''') + 'as [Table Schema], ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name,'''') + ' as [Table Name]' +
  ' from
  (select '+ @PkColumn + ' as [PK Column], ' + @Cols + ' from ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name) +
' )src UNPIVOT ([Column Value] for [Column Name] IN (' + @Columns + ')) unpvt
WHERE [Column Value] LIKE ''%'' + @SearchString + ''%'''

--print @SQL

EXECUTE sp_ExecuteSQL @SQL, N'@SearchString nvarchar(max)', @SearchString
END

2、创建搜索存储过程:My_Search_String_AllTables

此存储过程将遍历指定数据库的所有表，并利用上面创建的存储过程My_Search_StringInGivenTable来取得每个表的搜索结果。

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[My_Search_String_AllTables]    Script Date: 09/25/2011 15:41:58 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
CREATE PROC [dbo].[My_Search_String_AllTables]
(
    @SearchString NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
AS
BEGIN

CREATE TABLE #RESULT ([PK COLUMN] NVARCHAR(MAX), [COLUMN VALUE] NVARCHAR(MAX), [COLUMN Name] sysname,
             [TABLE SCHEMA] sysname, [TABLE Name] sysname)
DECLARE @Table_Name sysname, @Table_Schema sysname

DECLARE curAllTables CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY STATIC READ_ONLY
    FOR
    SELECT   Table_Schema, Table_Name
    FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.Tables
    WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
    ORDER BY Table_Schema, Table_Name

    OPEN curAllTables
    FETCH  curAllTables
    INTO @Table_Schema, @Table_Name
    WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0) -- Loop through all tables in the database
      BEGIN
        INSERT #RESULT
        EXECUTE My_Search_StringInGivenTable @SearchString, @Table_Schema, @Table_Name

        FETCH  curAllTables
        INTO @Table_Schema, @Table_Name
      END -- while
    CLOSE curAllTables
    DEALLOCATE curAllTables
  -- Return results
  SELECT * FROM #RESULT ORDER BY [Table Name]
END

使用示例

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO

DECLARE    @return_value int

EXEC    @return_value = [dbo].[My_Search_String_AllTables]
        @SearchString = N'WantValue'

SELECT    'Return Value' = @return_value

GO

还有另一个版本，就是直接创建一个存储过程来取得所要结果，但个人觉得前面那个方法更具灵活性

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[ZL_SearchAllTables]    Script Date: 09/25/2011 15:44:10 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
CREATE PROC [dbo].[ZL_SearchAllTables]
(
    @SearchStr nvarchar(100)
)
AS
BEGIN

    CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))

    SET NOCOUNT ON

    DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256), @ColumnName nvarchar(128), @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
    SET  @TableName = ''
    SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')

    WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
    BEGIN
        SET @ColumnName = ''
        SET @TableName =
        (
            SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
            FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
            WHERE         TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
                AND    QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
                AND    OBJECTPROPERTY(
                        OBJECT_ID(
                            QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
                             ), 'IsMSShipped'
                               ) = 0
        )

        WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
        BEGIN
            SET @ColumnName =
            (
                SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
                FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
                WHERE         TABLE_SCHEMA    = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
                    AND    TABLE_NAME    = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
                    AND    DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar')
                    AND    QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
            )

            IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
            BEGIN
                INSERT INTO #Results
                EXEC
                (
                    'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630)
                    FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
                    ' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
                )
            END
        END
    END

    SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
END

二、搜索数据是Int类型

适用于搜索smallint, tinyint, int, bigint等类型

1、创建存储过程 My_Search_IntInGivenTable

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[My_Search_IntInGivenTable]    Script Date: 09/25/2011 15:45:46 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[My_Search_IntInGivenTable]
(@SearchValue INT,
@Table_Schema sysname,
@Table_Name sysname)
AS
BEGIN
  DECLARE   @Columns NVARCHAR(MAX) ,
            @Cols NVARCHAR(MAX) ,
            @PkColumn NVARCHAR(MAX) ,
            @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX)

  --判断并创建#Result表
  IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB..#Result', 'U') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Result
  CREATE TABLE #RESULT
    (
      [PK COLUMN] NVARCHAR(MAX) ,
      [COLUMN VALUE] BIGINT ,
      [COLUMN Name] SYSNAME ,
      [TABLE SCHEMA] SYSNAME ,
      [TABLE Name] SYSNAME
    )

   --开始搜索给定的表
   DECLARE curAllTables CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY STATIC READ_ONLY
   FOR
     SELECT  Table_Schema ,
            Table_Name
    FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.Tables
    WHERE Table_Name =@Table_Name

   OPEN curAllTables

   WHILE 1 = 1
    BEGIN
        FETCH curAllTables
        INTO @Table_Schema, @Table_Name
        IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0  -- Loop through all tables in the database
            BREAK


        PRINT CHAR(13) + 'Processing ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Schema) + '.'
            + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name)
-- Get all int columns
        SET @Columns = STUFF(( SELECT   ', ' + QUOTENAME(Column_Name)
                               FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
                               WHERE    DATA_TYPE LIKE '%int'
                                        AND TABLE_NAME = @Table_Name
                                        AND table_schema = @Table_Schema
                               ORDER BY COLUMN_NAME
                             FOR
                               XML PATH('')
                             ), 1, 2, '')
        IF @Columns IS NULL
            BEGIN
                PRINT 'No int columns in the ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Schema)
                    + '.' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name)
                CONTINUE
            END

-- Get columns for select statement - we need to convert all columns to bigint
        SET @Cols = STUFF(( SELECT  ', cast(' + QUOTENAME(Column_Name)
                                    + ' as bigint) as '
                                    + QUOTENAME(Column_Name)
                            FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
                            WHERE   DATA_TYPE LIKE '%int'
                                    AND TABLE_NAME = @Table_Name
                            ORDER BY COLUMN_NAME
                          FOR
                            XML PATH('')
                          ), 1, 2, '')

-- Create PK column(s)
        SET @PkColumn = STUFF(( SELECT  N' + ''|'' + ' + ' cast('
                                        + QUOTENAME(CU.COLUMN_NAME)
                                        + ' as nvarchar(max))'
                                FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC
                                        INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE CU ON TC.TABLE_NAME = CU.TABLE_NAME
                                                              AND TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = CU.TABLE_SCHEMA
                                                              AND Tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
                                WHERE   TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
                                        AND TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = @Table_Schema
                                        AND TC.TABLE_NAME = @Table_Name
                                ORDER BY CU.COLUMN_NAME
                              FOR
                                XML PATH('')
                              ), 1, 9, '')

        IF @PkColumn IS NULL
            SELECT  @PkColumn = 'cast(NULL as nvarchar(max))'

-- set select statement using dynamic UNPIVOT

        SET @SQL = 'select *, ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Schema, '''')
            + 'as [Table Schema], ' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name, '''')
            + ' as [Table Name]' + ' from
  (select ' + @PkColumn + ' as [PK Column], ' + @Cols + ' from '
            + QUOTENAME(@Table_Schema) + '.' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name)
            + ' )src UNPIVOT ([Column Value] for [Column Name] IN ('
            + @Columns + ')) unpvt
WHERE [Column Value] = @SearchValue'

--print @SQL -- if we get errors, we may want to print generated SQL
        INSERT  #RESULT
                ( [PK COLUMN] ,
                  [COLUMN VALUE] ,
                  [COLUMN Name] ,
                  [TABLE SCHEMA] ,
                  [TABLE Name]

                )
                EXECUTE sp_ExecuteSQL @SQL, N'@SearchValue int', @SearchValue
                PRINT 'Found ' + CAST(@@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' records in '
                       + QUOTENAME(@Table_Schema) + '.' + QUOTENAME(@Table_Name)
    END
CLOSE curAllTables
DEALLOCATE curAllTables

SELECT  *
FROM    #RESULT
ORDER BY [TABLE SCHEMA] ,
        [TABLE Name]

END

2、创建搜索存储过程My_Search_Int_AllTables,与上面类似，此存储过程将调用 My_Search_IntInGivenTable来实现所遍历的每一个数据表的搜索结果

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[My_Search_Int_AllTables]    Script Date: 09/25/2011 15:48:29 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
CREATE PROC [dbo].[My_Search_Int_AllTables]
(
    @SearchValue INT
)
AS
BEGIN

CREATE TABLE #RESULT ([PK COLUMN] NVARCHAR(MAX), [COLUMN VALUE] NVARCHAR(MAX), [COLUMN Name] sysname,
             [TABLE SCHEMA] sysname, [TABLE Name] sysname)
DECLARE @Table_Name sysname, @Table_Schema sysname

DECLARE curAllTables CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY STATIC READ_ONLY
    FOR
    SELECT   Table_Schema, Table_Name
    FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.Tables
    WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
    ORDER BY Table_Schema, Table_Name

    OPEN curAllTables
    FETCH  curAllTables
    INTO @Table_Schema, @Table_Name
    WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0) -- Loop through all tables in the database
      BEGIN
        INSERT #RESULT
        EXECUTE My_Search_StringInGivenTable @SearchValue, @Table_Schema, @Table_Name

        FETCH  curAllTables
        INTO @Table_Schema, @Table_Name
      END -- while
    CLOSE curAllTables
    DEALLOCATE curAllTables
  -- Return results
  SELECT * FROM #RESULT ORDER BY [Table Name]
END

使用示例

View Code

USE [NORTHWIND]
GO

DECLARE    @return_value int

EXEC    @return_value = [dbo].[My_Search_Int_AllTables]
        @SearchValue = 68

SELECT    'Return Value' = @return_value

GO

Note:

1、你可以根据上面一、二中的第1个存储过程来实现只搜索指定某些数据表的功能。

2、对于其它数据类型如:Date，Real等等均可以此为参照进行修改。

3、此方法对大型数据库会很耗时，所以尽量在小数据库上调试。当需要在大数据库上操作时，尽量避开数据库使用高峰时段并要有耐心。

posted @ 2011-09-25 13:57 wsdj 阅读(3324) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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SQL：在指定数据库的所有表的所有列中搜索给定的值

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