单位冲激偶信号δ'(t)的基本性质

单位冲激偶信号 \(\delta^\prime(t)\) 的基本性质

  1. \(\delta^\prime(t)\)的面积为零:\(\displaystyle\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \delta^\prime(t)dt = 0\)

  2. 筛选特性:\(x(t)\delta^\prime(t-t_0) = x(t_0)\delta^\prime(t-t_0) - x^\prime(t_0)\delta(t-t_0)\)

    推导过程:

    \[\begin{aligned} \left(x(t)\delta(t-t_0)\right)^\prime &= x(t_0)\delta'(t-t_0)\\ &= x'(t) \delta(t-t_0) + x(t)\delta'(t-t_0)\\ &= x'(t_0)\delta(t-t_0) + x(t)\delta'(t-t_0)\\ x(t)\delta'(t-t_0) &= x(t_0) \delta'(t-t_0) - x'(t_0)\delta(t-t_0) \end{aligned} \]

  3. 取样特性:\(\displaystyle\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x(t)\delta^\prime(t-t_0) dt = -x^\prime(t_0)\)

    注意积分区间是否包含冲激点。

  4. 微分器:\(x(t) * \delta^\prime(t) = x^\prime(t)\)\(x(t)*\delta^\prime(t-t_0) = x^\prime(t-t_0)\)

    推导过程:

    \[\begin{aligned} x(t) * \delta'(t-t_0) &= \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} x(k) \delta'\left( (t - k) -t_0 \right) dk\\ &= \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} - x(k) \delta'\left(k-(t-t_0)\right) dk\\ &= -\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} x(t-t_0)\delta'(k-(t-t_0)) - x'(t-t_0)\delta(k-(t-t_0)) dk\\ &= x'(t-t_0) \end{aligned} \]

    注意:卷积运算 \(f(t)*g(t) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f(k) g(t-k)\),若 \(g(t)=h(t-t_0)\),则\(g(t-k)=h(t-k-t_0)\),所以 \(f(t)*h(t-t_0) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f(k) h((t-k)-t_0)\)

  5. 展缩特性:\(\delta^\prime(at+b)=\frac{1}{a|a|}\delta^\prime(t+\frac{b}{a})\)

  6. 这是一个奇函数

posted @ 2021-09-09 15:11  Wreng  阅读(5538)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报