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五：通过dockerfile构建镜像

dockfile：类似于ansible的剧本。编写剧本，纯文本，极小，更适合传输；适用于定制化开发。可以参考一下这个简介：https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-dockerfile.html；https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/

dockerfile主要包括：from：基础镜像信息；run：基础镜像信息；CMD：容器启动时执行指令

dockerfile常用命令

FROM 这个镜像的妈妈是谁，指定基础镜像

MAINTAINER 　指定维护者信息，可以不负责

RUN 　　　　致使他做什么，在相应的命令前面加上RUN

ADD　　　　　copy文件，会自动解压

WORKDIR　　设置当前的工作目录

VOLUME　　　　给它一个存放行李的地方，设置卷，挂载主机目录

EXPOSE 　　　　需要放开的端口　　-P端口随机

CMD　　　　　　指定容器启动时执行的命令，容易被替换

ENTRYPONIT　　不会被替换

[root@docker-1-26 centos_ssh]# cat dockerfile 　　　　　　#文件名必须为dockerfile
FROM centos:centos7　　　　　　　　　　　　#初始镜像
RUN yum install openssh-server -y 　　　　　　#安装命令　　　　仔细观察发现会起一个临时的容器
RUN echo "1qaz@WSX"|passwd --stin root　　　　#设置密码
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]　　　　　　　　　　#初始命令

[root@docker-1-26 centos_ssh]# docker image build -t centos7_ssh:v1.1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
Step 1/4 : FROM centos:centos7
---> 8652b9f0cb4c
Step 2/4 : RUN yum install openssh-server -y
---> Running in 98bbaa9e1789
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package openssh-server.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: openssh = 7.4p1-21.el7 for package: openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: fipscheck-lib(x86-64) >= 1.3.0 for package: openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libwrap.so.0()(64bit) for package: openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libfipscheck.so.1()(64bit) for package: openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package fipscheck-lib.x86_64 0:1.4.1-6.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/fipscheck for package: fipscheck-lib-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package openssh.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7 will be installed
---> Package tcp_wrappers-libs.x86_64 0:7.6-77.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package fipscheck.x86_64 0:1.4.1-6.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
openssh-server x86_64 7.4p1-21.el7 base 459 k
Installing for dependencies:
fipscheck x86_64 1.4.1-6.el7 base 21 k
fipscheck-lib x86_64 1.4.1-6.el7 base 11 k
openssh x86_64 7.4p1-21.el7 base 510 k
tcp_wrappers-libs x86_64 7.6-77.el7 base 66 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 1.0 M
Installed size: 3.0 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/fipscheck-lib-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for fipscheck-lib-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 234 kB/s | 1.0 MB 00:04
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
Package : centos-release-7-9.2009.0.el7.centos.x86_64 (@CentOS)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : fipscheck-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64 1/5
Installing : fipscheck-lib-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64 2/5
Installing : openssh-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64 3/5
Installing : tcp_wrappers-libs-7.6-77.el7.x86_64 4/5
Installing : openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64 5/5
Verifying : fipscheck-lib-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64 1/5
Verifying : tcp_wrappers-libs-7.6-77.el7.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : fipscheck-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : openssh-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64 4/5
Verifying : openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64 5/5

Installed:
openssh-server.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7

Dependency Installed:
fipscheck.x86_64 0:1.4.1-6.el7 fipscheck-lib.x86_64 0:1.4.1-6.el7
openssh.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7 tcp_wrappers-libs.x86_64 0:7.6-77.el7

Complete!
Removing intermediate container 98bbaa9e1789
---> a749884040ff
Step 3/4 : RUN echo '1qaz@WSX'|passwd --stdin root
---> Running in 5ef37e892009
Changing password for user root.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Removing intermediate container 5ef37e892009
---> 40a55f70c3b0
Step 4/4 : CMD "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"
---> Running in 7eebb19ee8a1
Removing intermediate container 7eebb19ee8a1
---> 848e290b9062
Successfully built 848e290b9062
Successfully tagged centos7_ssh:v1.1
[root@docker-1-26 centos_ssh]#