ldap3 官方文档学习之增删改查操作
ldap3 官方文档学习之增删改查操作
前言
公司部门培训用到 ldap3,布置了个作业,于是开始看官方文档学习中。我是直接从 LDAP Operations 部分开始看的。
主要就是官方文档提供了增删改查的接口,需要看懂函数和参数,然后就会用了。
增加操作
官方 add 函数
def add(self,
dn,
object_class=None,
attributes=None,
controls=None)
逐个参数解释:
-
dn:标识要添加的目标名字
-
object_class:要添加的标志类名称,可以是包含一个单一值或一串字符串
-
attributes:一个以 {‘attr1’: ‘val1’, ‘attr2’: ‘val2’, …} or {‘attr1’: [‘val1’, ‘val2’, …], …} 多值形式的字典
-
controls:发送请求额外的信息
举例
# import class and constants
from ldap3 import Server, Connection, ALL
# define the server
s = Server('servername', get_info=ALL) # define an unsecure LDAP server, requesting info on DSE and schema
# define the connection
c = Connection(s, user='user_dn', password='user_password')
# perform the Add operation
c.add('cn=user1,ou=users,o=company', ['inetOrgPerson', 'posixGroup', 'top'], {'sn': 'user_sn', 'gidNumber': 0})
# equivalent to 等同上面
c.add('cn=user1,ou=users,o=company', attributes={'objectClass': ['inetOrgPerson', 'posixGroup', 'top'], 'sn': 'user_sn', gidNumber: 0})
print(c.result)
# close the connection
c.unbind()
主要就是 add 函数传三个参数:dn、object_class、attributes。
- dn 包含用户cn、ou、o等信息
删除操作
官方 delete 函数
def delete(self,
dn,
controls=None):
逐个参数解释:
- dn:标识要删除的目标名字
- controls:发送请求额外的信息
举例
from ldap3 import Server, Connection, ALL
# define the server
s = Server('servername', get_info=ALL) # define an unsecure LDAP server, requesting info on DSE and schema
# define the connection
c = Connection(s, user='user_dn', password='user_password')
# perform the Delete operation
c.delete('cn=user1,ou=users,o=company')
print(c.result)
# close the connection
c.unbind()
主要就是 delete 函数传一个参数:dn。
- dn 包含用户cn、ou、o等信息
修改操作
官方 modify 函数
def modify(self,
dn,
changes,
controls=None):
逐个参数解释:
- dn:标识要删除的目标名字
- changes:一个要被展示在具体入口的修改的字典
- controls:发送请求额外的信息
举例
# import class and constants
from ldap3 import Server, Connection, ALL, MODIFY_REPLACE
# define the server
s = Server('servername', get_info=ALL) # define an unsecure LDAP server, requesting info on DSE and schema
# define the connection
c = Connection(s, user='user_dn', password='user_password')
c.bind()
# perform the Modify operation
c.modify('cn=user1,ou=users,o=company',
{'givenName': [(MODIFY_REPLACE, ['givenname-1-replaced'])],
'sn': [(MODIFY_REPLACE, ['sn-replaced'])]})
print(c.result)
# close the connection
c.unbind()
主要就是 modify 函数传两个参数:dn、changes。
- dn 包含用户cn、ou、o等信息
- changes 包含修改前的数据类别和修改后的数据
查询操作
官方 search 函数
def search(self,
search_base,
search_filter,
search_scope=SUBTREE,
dereference_aliases=DEREF_ALWAYS,
attributes=None,
size_limit=0,
time_limit=0,
types_only=False,
get_operational_attributes=False,
controls=None,
paged_size=None,
paged_criticality=False,
paged_cookie=None):
逐个参数解释:
- search_base:查询请求的基础
- search_filter:查询请求的过滤器,必须服从 LDAP 过滤语法 RFC4515 标准
- search_scope:具体指定查询内容的部分
- BASE:查询 search_base 中指定的条目的属性。
- LEVEL:查询 search_base 中包含的条目的属性。基对象必须引用一个容器对象。
- SUBTREE:向下查询 search_base 和所有附属容器中指定的条目的属性。
- attributes:查询返回的单个属性或属性列表(默认为None)。如果属性为None,则不返回任何属性。如果属性是 ALL_ATTRIBUTES 或 ALL_OPERATIONAL_ATTRIBUTES,则返回所有用户属性或所有操作属性。
举例
from ldap3 import Server, Connection, SUBTREE
total_entries = 0
server = Server('test-server')
c = Connection(server, user='username', password='password')
c.search(search_base = 'o=test',
search_filter = '(objectClass=inetOrgPerson)',
search_scope = SUBTREE,
attributes = ['cn', 'givenName'],
paged_size = 5)
total_entries += len(c.response)
for entry in c.response:
print(entry['dn'], entry['attributes'])
cookie = c.result['controls']['1.2.840.113556.1.4.319']['value']['cookie']
while cookie:
c.search(search_base = 'o=test',
search_filter = '(objectClass=inetOrgPerson)',
search_scope = SUBTREE,
attributes = ['cn', 'givenName'],
paged_size = 5,
paged_cookie = cookie)
total_entries += len(c.response)
cookie = c.result['controls']['1.2.840.113556.1.4.319']['value']['cookie']
for entry in c.response:
print(entry['dn'], entry['attributes'])
print('Total entries retrieved:', total_entries)
主要就是 search 函数传四个参数:search_base、search_filter、search_scope、attributes。
- search_base:一般就是之前三个操作都要用到的 dn
- search_filter:默认为 '(objectClass=inetOrgPerson)'
- search_scope:我用的是 SUBTREE
- attributes:我用的是 ALL_ATTRIBUTES
增删改查完整版代码
增删改查操作都是从 Excel 表格中读取数据的。
# coding: utf8
import sys
import json
from ldap3 import Connection, Server, ALL, MODIFY_ADD, MODIFY_REPLACE, SUBTREE, ALL_ATTRIBUTES, ALL_OPERATIONAL_ATTRIBUTES
import utils
from config import BASE_DN, LDAP_TEST_CONFIG, LDAP_PROD_CONFIG, GROUP_DNS
host = "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"
port = xxx
user = "cn=xxx,dc=xx,dc=xxx"
password = "xxx"
# 创建连接
server = Server(host=host, port=port, get_info=ALL)
conn = Connection(server=server,
auto_bind=True,
read_only=False,
fast_decoder=True,
check_names=True,
user=user, password=password)
# 检查连接是否成功
def test_connection():
print(server.info)
print(conn.user)
print(conn.extend.standard.who_am_i())
# 获取用户
def get_users():
conn.search(search_base="dc=xxx,dc=xxx", attributes=ALL_ATTRIBUTES,
search_filter='(objectclass=person)')
print(conn.result)
res = conn.response_to_json()
res = json.loads(res)['entries']
return res
print("===================测试链接====================")
test_connection()
print("\n\n\n===================打印用户====================")
print(get_users())
ldap_config = {}
excel_file_path = "ldap-users-example.xlsx"
ldap_user_excel_file = excel_file_path
# 批量添加组织人员
def add_users():
# 读取用户excel信息
userattrs = utils.generate_ldap_userattrs(ldap_user_excel_file)
# print(userattrs)
print("\n\n\n===================开始添加用户========================")
for user_dn, userattr in userattrs.items():
# 添加用户
conn.add(user_dn, ['top', 'inetOrgPerson', 'posixAccount'], userattr)
res = conn.result
# 用户已存在
if res['result'] != 0:
msg = res['description']
print("add user failed:%s res: %s" % (user_dn, res))
continue
# 添加用户到用户组,直接添加到 cn = xx组中,没有这个操作的话就是不添加到 cn 中
for GROUP_DN in GROUP_DNS:
conn.modify(GROUP_DN, {'uniqueMember': [(MODIFY_ADD, user_dn)]})
# print("====modify result=====")
res = conn.result
msg = "success"
if res['result'] != 0:
msg = res['message']
print("add user to group:%s res: %s" % (GROUP_DN, msg))
continue
print(user_dn, "success")
print("===================添加用户完毕========================")
# 批量删除组织人员
def delete_users():
# 读取用户excel信息
userattrs = utils.generate_ldap_userattrs(ldap_user_excel_file)
# print(userattrs)
print("\n\n\n===================开始删除用户========================")
for user_dn, userattr in userattrs.items():
# 删除用户
conn.delete(user_dn)
res = conn.result
print(user_dn, "success")
print("===================删除用户完毕========================")
# 修改人员信息
def modify_users():
# 读取用户excel信息
userattrs = utils.generate_ldap_userattrs(ldap_user_excel_file)
# print(userattrs)
print("\n\n\n===================开始修改用户信息========================")
for user_dn, userattr in userattrs.items():
# 修改用户部门和工作地点
conn.modify(user_dn, {'physicalDeliveryOfficeName': [(MODIFY_REPLACE, ['武汉研发组'])],
'l': [(MODIFY_REPLACE, ['武汉'])]})
res = conn.result
print(user_dn, "success")
print("===================修改用户信息完毕========================")
# 查询人员信息
def search_users():
# 读取用户excel信息
userattrs = utils.generate_ldap_userattrs(ldap_user_excel_file)
# print(userattrs)
print("\n\n\n===================开始查询用户信息========================")
for user_dn, userattr in userattrs.items():
# 查询用户
print(user_dn)
status = conn.search(search_base = user_dn,
search_filter = '(objectClass=inetOrgPerson)',
search_scope = SUBTREE,
attributes = ALL_ATTRIBUTES)
if status:
print(user_dn, "success")
else:
print(user_dn, "failed")
print("===================查询用户信息完毕========================")
test_connection()
get_users()
search_users()
add_users()
delete_users()
modify_users()
search_users()
# close the connection
conn.unbind()
参考
最怕一生碌碌无为,还说平凡难能可贵。