matplotlib 各种图绘制

散点图绘制

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import random
from matplotlib import font_manager

myfont = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simkai.ttf")

# x轴显示日期
x_3 = range(1,32)
x_10 = range(51,82)

# 设置一个0~40随机温度显示在y轴
y_3 = [random.randint(0,40) for i in range(1,32)]
y_10 = [random.randint(0,40) for i in range(1,32)]

# 设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20, 8) ,dpi=80)

# 散点图用scatter
plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label= "3月份")
plt.scatter(x_10, y_10, label = "10月份")

# 调整x的刻度
_x = list(x_3)+list(x_10)
_xtick = ["3月{}日".format(i) for i in x_3]
_xtick +=["10月{}日".format(i-50) for i in x_10]
plt.xticks(_x[::3], _xtick[::3] , rotation= 40, fontproperties= myfont)

# 设置标题
plt.xlabel("期日", fontproperties = myfont)
plt.ylabel("温度", fontproperties = myfont)
plt.title("三月份和十月份温度", fontproperties = myfont)

# 设置图形lebel显示位置
plt.legend(loc = 2,prop = myfont)

plt.show()

 

条形图绘制

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import random
from matplotlib import font_manager

myfont = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simkai.ttf")

a = ["我的女朋友","你的女朋友", "他的女朋友"]

b = [random.randint(0,100) for i in range(3)]

# 竖着
# plt.bar(range(len(a)),b,width=0.25)
# 横着
plt.barh(range(len(a)),b,height= 0.25)


plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties = myfont)

plt.show()

 

多条条形统计图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from  matplotlib import font_manager
import random

myfont = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simkai.ttf")

a = ["我的女朋友","你的女朋友", "他的女朋友"]
# 随机生成十个以内的女朋友
b_2017 = [random.randint(0,10) for i in range(3)]
b_2018 = [random.randint(0,10) for i in range(3)]
b_2019 = [random.randint(0,10) for i in range(3)]

# 每个宽度0.2
bar_with = 0.2
# 设置2017年的x坐标
b_x2017 = list(range(len(b_2017)))
# 设置2018年的x坐标
b_x2018 = [i + bar_with for i in b_x2017]
# 设置2019年x的坐标
b_x2019 = [i + bar_with*2 for i in b_x2017]

# 将x的坐标引入进去，不能一样否则会重叠
plt.bar(b_x2017, b_2017,width=bar_with, label = "2017年")
plt.bar(b_x2018, b_2018,width=bar_with,label = "2018年")
plt.bar(b_x2019, b_2019,width=bar_with,label = "2019年")

plt.legend(prop= myfont)
# 设置x的刻度
plt.xticks(b_x2018,a,fontproperties = myfont)

plt.ylabel("单位:个",fontproperties = myfont,rotation = 0)
plt.title("你我他每年的女朋友" , fontproperties = myfont)

plt.show()