spring boot☞Swagger2文档构建及单元测试
首先，回顾并详细说明一下在快速入门中使用的@Controller、@RestController、@RequestMapping注解。如果您对Spring MVC不熟悉并且还没有尝试过快速入门案例，建议先看一下快速入门的内容。
@Controller：修饰class，用来创建处理http请求的对象@RestController：Spring4之后加入的注解，原来在@Controller中返回json需要@ResponseBody来配合，如果直接用@RestController替代@Controller就不需要再配置@ResponseBody，默认返回json格式。@RequestMapping：配置url映射
下面我们尝试使用Spring MVC来实现一组对User对象操作的RESTful API，配合注释详细说明在Spring MVC中如何映射HTTP请求、如何传参、如何编写单元测试。
RESTful API具体设计如下：
POM.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wls</groupId>
<artifactId>project</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>project</name>
<description>project</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<!--<version>5.1.21</version>-->
</dependency>
<!--Json库的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.43</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jpa -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- devtools -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- redis -->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-redis</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- activemq -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- thymeleaf -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mail -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- swagger2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<verbose>true</verbose>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
实体
package com.wls.integrateplugs.jpa.primary.model;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/24.
*/
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
private String userName;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String passWord;
@Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
private String email;
@Column(nullable = true, unique = true)
private String nickName;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String regTime;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String name;
@Column(nullable = false)
private Integer age;
public User() {
super();
}
public User(String userName, String passWord, String email, String nickName, String regTime, String name, Integer age) {
this.userName = userName;
this.passWord = passWord;
this.email = email;
this.nickName = nickName;
this.regTime = regTime;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassWord() {
return passWord;
}
public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
this.passWord = passWord;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getNickName() {
return nickName;
}
public void setNickName(String nickName) {
this.nickName = nickName;
}
public String getRegTime() {
return regTime;
}
public void setRegTime(String regTime) {
this.regTime = regTime;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
Controller
package com.wls.integrateplugs.swagger;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/24.
*/
import java.util.*;
import com.wls.integrateplugs.jpa.primary.repository.IUserRepository;
import com.wls.integrateplugs.jpa.primary.model.User;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value="/users") // 通过这里配置使下面的映射都在/users下，可去除
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private IUserRepository iUserRepository;
static Map<Long, User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long, User>());
/*@RequestMapping("/getUser")
@Cacheable(value="user-key")
public User getUser() {
User user=iUserRepository.findByUserName("aa");
System.out.println("若下面没出现“无缓存的时候调用”字样且能打印出数据表示测试成功");
return user;
}
@RequestMapping("/getUsers")
@Cacheable(value="key-Users")
public List<User> getUsers() {
List<User> users=iUserRepository.findAll();
System.out.println("若下面没出现“无缓存的时候调用”字样且能打印出数据表示测试成功");
return users;
}*/
@ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="获取用户列表")
@RequestMapping(value={"/"}, method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List<User> getUserList() {
// 处理"/users/"的GET请求，用来获取用户列表
// 还可以通过@RequestParam从页面中传递参数来进行查询条件或者翻页信息的传递
List<User> r = new ArrayList<User>(users.values());
return r;
}
@ApiOperation(value="创建用户", notes="根据User对象创建用户")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户详细实体user", required = true, dataType = "User")
@RequestMapping(value="/", method=RequestMethod.POST)
// public String postUser(@RequestBody User user) {
public String postUser(@ModelAttribute User user) {
// 处理"/users/"的POST请求，用来创建User
// 除了@ModelAttribute绑定参数之外，还可以通过@RequestParam从页面中传递参数
users.put(user.getId(), user);
return "success";
}
@ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据url的id来获取用户详细信息")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long")
@RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
// 处理"/users/{id}"的GET请求，用来获取url中id值的User信息
// url中的id可通过@PathVariable绑定到函数的参数中
return users.get(id);
}
@ApiOperation(value="更新用户详细信息", notes="根据url的id来指定更新对象，并根据传过来的user信息来更新用户详细信息")
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户详细实体user", required = true, dataType = "User")
})
@RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method= RequestMethod.PUT)
// public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody User user) {
public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @ModelAttribute User user) {
// 处理"/users/{id}"的PUT请求，用来更新User信息
User u = users.get(id);
u.setName(user.getName());
u.setAge(user.getAge());
users.put(id, u);
return "success";
}
@ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据url的id来指定删除对象")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long")
@RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
// 处理"/users/{id}"的DELETE请求，用来删除User
users.remove(id);
return "success";
}
}
package com.wls.integrateplugs.hello.controller;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/24.
*/
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import com.sun.org.apache.regexp.internal.RE;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import springfox.documentation.annotations.ApiIgnore;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String hello(Locale locale, Model model) {
return "hello world";
}
@RequestMapping("/helloWorld")
public String index() {
return "Hello World";
}
/**
* 使用@RestController时，则使用ModelAndView显示页面
* @param map
* @return
*/
@ApiIgnore
@RequestMapping(value = "/helloThymeleaf",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView index(ModelMap map) {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("index");
map.addAttribute("host", "http://blog.didispace.com");
return mv;
}
/**
* 共享session
* @param session
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/uid",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String uid(HttpSession session) {
UUID uid = (UUID) session.getAttribute("uid");
if (uid == null) {
uid = UUID.randomUUID();
}
session.setAttribute("uid", uid);
return session.getId();
}
}
单元测试
package com.wls.test.integrateplugs.swagger;
import com.wls.integrateplugs.hello.controller.HelloController;
import com.wls.integrateplugs.swagger.UserController;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class SwaggerTest {
private MockMvc mvc;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(
new HelloController(),
new UserController()).build();
}
@Test
public void getHello() throws Exception {
mvc.perform(get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("hello world")));
}
@Test
public void testUserController() throws Exception {
// 测试UserController
RequestBuilder request = null;
// 1、get查一下user列表，应该为空
request = get("/users/");
mvc.perform(request)
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[]")));
// 2、post提交一个user
request = post("/users/")
.param("id", "1")
.param("name", "测试大师")
.param("age", "20");
mvc.perform(request)
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success")));
// 3、get获取user列表，应该有刚才插入的数据
request = get("/users/");
mvc.perform(request)
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[{\"id\":1,\"userName\":null,\"passWord\":null,\"email\":null,\"nickName\":null,\"regTime\":null,\"name\":\"测试大师\",\"age\":20}]")));
// 4、put修改id为1的user
request = put("/users/1")
.param("name", "测试终极大师")
.param("age", "30");
mvc.perform(request)
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success")));
// 5、get一个id为1的user
request = get("/users/1");
mvc.perform(request)
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("{\"id\":1,\"userName\":null,\"passWord\":null,\"email\":null,\"nickName\":null,\"regTime\":null,\"name\":\"测试终极大师\",\"age\":30}")));
// 6、del删除id为1的user
request = delete("/users/1");
mvc.perform(request)
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("success")));
// 7、get查一下user列表，应该为空
request = get("/users/");
mvc.perform(request)
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("[]")));
}
}
Swagger2配置类
package com.wls.integrateplugs.swagger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
* @author 程序猿DD
* @version 1.0.0
* @date 16/4/18 下午12:02.
* @blog http://blog.didispace.com
*/
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2 {
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.wls"))
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("Spring Boot中使用Swagger2构建RESTful APIs")
.description("更多Spring Boot相关文章请关注：http://blog.didispace.com/")
.termsOfServiceUrl("http://blog.didispace.com/")
.contact("程序猿DD")
.version("1.0")
.build();
}
}
访问地址：localhost:8081/project/swagger-ui.html
