Spring 配置数据源之一三兄弟
前期的准备工作,我们是使用的是maven,我们下载节点即可。。。
节点如下:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--spring-jdbcjar 包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--commons-dncpjar 包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <!--c3p0jar 包--> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <!--mysql数据库驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>org.wisdom-framework</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.34_1</version> </dependency>
导入节点完毕,我们的准备工作就完成了,接下来进入代码世界。。。。。。
(1)创建分层 beans层(实体类) dao(表示层) biz(业务逻辑层) web(数据展示) util(工具类层)
今天讲解的只涉及到beans,dao,biz,web先不作讨论了。
beans:
package cn.books.beans; /** * Created by accp on 2017/3/30. */ public class Book { private Integer id; private String name; private String price; public Book() { } public Book(String name, String price) { this.name = name; this.price = price; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(String price) { this.price = price; } }
dao:
package cn.books.dao; import cn.books.beans.Book; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; import java.util.List; /** * Created by accp on 2017/3/30. */ public interface BookDao { int add(Book book); List<Book> selectAll(); }
对方法的实现层impl:
我们分两种方式讲解:
第一种:使用注解的方式实现
package cn.books.dao.impl; import cn.books.beans.Book; import cn.books.dao.BookDao; import cn.books.util.MyRowMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Required; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; /** * Created by accp on 2017/3/30. */ @Repository public class BookDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements BookDao { public int add(Book book) { int count = this.getJdbcTemplate().update("insert into book(name,price) values(?,?)",book.getName(),book.getPrice()); return count; } public List<Book> selectAll() { return this.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from book",new MyRowMapper()); } @Autowired public void setJdbcTemplate2(JdbcTemplate jbdcTemplate){ super.setJdbcTemplate(jbdcTemplate); } }
看到这里应该有很多童鞋有疑惑,为甚要定义setJdbcTemplate2()方法呢?
原因就在于下面的代码:
/** * Set the JdbcTemplate for this DAO explicitly, * as an alternative to specifying a DataSource. */ public final void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate; initTemplateConfig(); } @Override protected void checkDaoConfig() { if (this.jdbcTemplate == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("'dataSource' or 'jdbcTemplate' is required"); } }
该方法源自父类的方法,并且是经过final修饰,我们都知道被final修饰的方法是不能被修改的,当我们自己不重新定义方法,而是使用
相同的方法名时,会出现如下错误:
当注解错误时,出现如下错误:
biz层:
package cn.books.biz;
import cn.books.beans.Book;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by accp on 2017/3/30.
*/
public interface BookBiz {
int add(Book book);
List<Book> selestAll();
}
biz层方法的实现层impl:
package cn.books.biz.impl; import cn.books.beans.Book; import cn.books.biz.BookBiz; import cn.books.dao.BookDao; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; /** * Created by accp on 2017/3/30. */ @Service("bookBiz") public class BookBizImpl implements BookBiz { @Resource private BookDao dao; public int add(Book book) { return dao.add(book); } public List<Book> selestAll() { return dao.selectAll(); } }
准备一个测试类:
package cn.books.test; import cn.books.beans.Book; import cn.books.biz.BookBiz; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import java.util.List; /** * Created by accp on 2017/3/29. */ public class FirstTest { @Test public void findTwo(){ ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContexttemp.xml"); BookBiz proxy=(BookBiz) ctx.getBean("bookBiz"); int count = proxy.add(new Book("你好吗?第二次", "45")); System.out.println(count); } @Test public void findOne(){ ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContexttemp.xml"); BookBiz proxy=(BookBiz) ctx.getBean("bookBiz"); List<Book> list = proxy.selestAll(); for (Book item : list) { System.out.println(item.getName()); } } }
写到这里,是不是都完成了呢?NO,NO
千万不要忘记配置xml文件---------重中之重
xml编写:
创建applicationContexttemp.xml
更改命名空间:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
编写xml文件的第一步:
<!--配置数据源-->
<!--spring 内置--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </bean> <!--c3p0数据源--> <!--<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </bean>--> <!--定义dbcp数据源--> <!--<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </bean>-->
共三种配置方案,使用最多的是后面两种,今天是用的是第一种。
<!--注册jdbc-->
<!--注册jdbc--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcmysql.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!jdbcmysql.properties文件>
创建一个名称为jdbcmysql.properties的文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///y2163 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456
要想使用注解必须要配置包扫描器:
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.books"></context:component-scan>
我们制定整体包,不管哪个层使用注解都可以扫描到。。。。。
<!--jdbcTemplate-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean>
代码编写到这里,我们就可以运行测试类的代码了。。。。
有童鞋细心地看代码没,我们上面定义的查询全部信息的方法,有个知识点并没有说到,如果你注意到了,就说明你认真看了。。。。
接下来我们讲解一下怎么实现从数据库读取数据
使用的是query()方法,翻看源码可以很清晰的看到,它有很多重载
示例使用的是:
@Override public <T> List<T> query(String sql, RowMapper<T> rowMapper) throws DataAccessException { return query(sql, new RowMapperResultSetExtractor<T>(rowMapper)); }
继续点击query查看:
@Override public <T> T query(final String sql, final ResultSetExtractor<T> rse) throws DataAccessException { Assert.notNull(sql, "SQL must not be null"); Assert.notNull(rse, "ResultSetExtractor must not be null"); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Executing SQL query [" + sql + "]"); } class QueryStatementCallback implements StatementCallback<T>, SqlProvider { @Override public T doInStatement(Statement stmt) throws SQLException { ResultSet rs = null; try { rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql); ResultSet rsToUse = rs; if (nativeJdbcExtractor != null) { rsToUse = nativeJdbcExtractor.getNativeResultSet(rs); } return rse.extractData(rsToUse); } finally { JdbcUtils.closeResultSet(rs); } } @Override public String getSql() { return sql; } } return execute(new QueryStatementCallback()); }
继续点击executeQuery()方法
ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) throws SQLException;
到了这里就跟我们熟悉的查询方法碰到了一起,我们很清晰地看到它返回的是ResultSet
点击RowMapper<T>就可以看到他只有一个方法
/** * Implementations must implement this method to map each row of data * in the ResultSet. This method should not call {@code next()} on * the ResultSet; it is only supposed to map values of the current row. * @param rs the ResultSet to map (pre-initialized for the current row) * @param rowNum the number of the current row * @return the result object for the current row * @throws SQLException if a SQLException is encountered getting * column values (that is, there's no need to catch SQLException) */ T mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException;
这个方法会根据你传入的rs得到T类型,就是我们示例中的Book
所以我们定义了MyRowMapper类
package cn.books.util; import cn.books.beans.Book; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; /** * Created by accp on 2017/3/30. */ public class MyRowMapper implements RowMapper<Book> { public Book mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException { Book book=new Book(); book.setName(rs.getString("name")); book.setPrice(rs.getString("price")); return book; } }
在查询语句中我们就可以通过创建new MyRowMapper()来获取数据。
运行测试类的代码,得到我们从数据库拿到的数据。。。。。。。。。。
去实践吧,骚年。。。。。。。。。。