UIImageView - BNR
继续上节UINavigationController - BNR。
打开BNRDetailViewController.xib文件,向view中添加UIImageView对象,选中该对象,通过Attributes Inspector -> View -> Mode -> Aspect Fit,调整UIImageView对象的contentMode属性。
同时,添加UIToolBar拖到view的底部。选中UIToolBar的Item,通过Attributes Inspector -> Bar Button Item -> System Item -> Camera,将其改为相机图标。此相机按钮需要一个target和action。如下所示:
在BNRDetailViewController.m的类扩展中与UIImageView建立outlet连接,如下:
选择相机按钮,Control-Drag到BNRDetailViewController.m,创建takePicture:方法,如下:
同时,将UIToolBar建立一个outlet,取名为toolBar。
当我们创建了一个UIImagePickerController对象时,必须设置它的sourceType属性和给它分配一个delegate。
sourceType常量告诉UIImagePicker对象从哪里获取照片。其有三个可选的值,1)UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,拍摄一张新的照片,使用该常量前,需要将isSourceTypeAvailable:方法发送给UIImagePickerController,检验该设备是否有相机功能;2)UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,将选择一个照片集,从该照片集中选择照片;3)UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotoAlbum,将从最近拍摄的照片中获取。
在BNRDetailViewController.m中,添加协议:
@interface BNRDetailViewController () <UINavigationControllerDelegate, UIImagePickerControllerDelegate>
在BNRDetailViewController.m中,修改takePicture:方法如下:
1 - (IBAction)takePicture:(id)sender { 2 UIImagePickerController *imagePicker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init]; 3 if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]) { 4 imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera; 5 } else { 6 imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary; 7 } 8 imagePicker.delegate = self; 9 [self presentViewController:imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil]; 10 }
UIImagePickerController对象已模态方式呈现。一个模态视图控制器将占据整个屏幕直到结束操作。
当用户已经选好一张照片时,imagePickerController:didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:方法给被自动发送给UIImagePicker的委托对象。
1 - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info { 2 // 从info字典中获取选择的image 3 UIImage *image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage]; 4 self.imageVeiw.image = image; 5 // 退出UIImagePickerController 6 [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; 7 }
将照片存入disk中,当需要它们的时候才放到RAM中。
创建一个新的NSObject的子类BNRImageStore,其将持有用户使用的照片,其为单例模式。因为图像一般都比较大,将它们与其它数据分离开比较少。
打开BNRImageStore.h,添加如下方法:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> //此处将Foundation/Foundation.h修改为UIKit/UIKit.h @interface BNRImageStore : NSObject + (instancetype)sharedImage; - (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image forKey:(NSString *)key; - (UIImage *)imageForKey:(NSString *)key; - (void)deleteImageForKey:(NSString *)key; @end
打开BNRImageStore.m文件,添加类扩展,并声明一个变量,如下:
1 @interface BNRImageStore () 2 3 @property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *dictionary; // 存放图片 4 5 @end
再添加下面的代码:
1 + (instancetype)sharedImage { 2 static BNRImageStore *shareStore = nil; 3 if (!shareStore) { 4 shareStore = [[BNRImageStore alloc] initPrivate]; 5 } 6 return shareStore; 7 } 8 9 - (instancetype)init { 10 @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Singleton" 11 reason:@"Use+[BNRImageStore sharedStore]" 12 userInfo:nil]; 13 return nil; 14 } 15 16 // Designated initializer 17 - (instancetype)initPrivate { 18 self = [super init]; 19 if (self) { 20 _dictionary = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; 21 } 22 return self; 23 }
实现在头文件中声明的三个实例方法:
1 - (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image forKey:(NSString *)key { 2 self.dictionary[key] = image; 3 } 4 5 - (UIImage *)imageForKey:(NSString *)key { 6 return self.dictionary[key]; 7 } 8 9 - (void)deleteImageForKey:(NSString *)key { 10 if (!key) { 11 return; 12 } 13 [self.dictionary removeObjectForKey:key]; 14 }
当你需要一个模型对象时,需要创建一个继承自NSObject的新类,并且给予它恰当的实例变量。
在BNRItem.h中,添加一个实例变量用来存放图片的键值,如下:
1 @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *itemKey; // 存放BNRImageStore中图像的键值
同时打开BNRItem.m文件,导入BNRImageStore头文件,如下:
1 #import "BNRImageStore.h"
我们将使用通用唯一标识码(Universally Unique Identifier,UUIDs)作为key值。在Objective-C中,用NSUUID类来代表UUID。修改BNRItem.m中的initWithItemName:valueInDollars:serialNumber:方法如下:
1 // designated initializer 2 - (instancetype)initWithItemName:(NSString *)name 3 valueInDollars:(int)value 4 serialNumber:(NSString *)sNumber 5 { 6 // Call the superclass's designated initializer 7 self = [super init]; 8 9 // Did the superclass's designated initializer succeed? 10 if (self) { 11 // Give the instance variables initial values 12 _itemName = name; 13 _serialNumber = sNumber; 14 _valueInDollars = value; 15 // Set _dateCreated to the current date and time 16 _dateCreated = [[NSDate alloc] init]; 17 18 NSUUID *uuid = [[NSUUID alloc] init]; 19 NSString *key = [uuid UUIDString]; 20 _itemKey = key; 21 } 22 23 // Return the address of the newly initialized object 24 return self; 25 }
修改BNRDetailViewController.m中的imagePickerController:didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:方法如下:
1 - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info { 2 // 从info字典中获取选择的image 3 UIImage *image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage]; 4 [[BNRImageStore sharedImage] setImage:image forKey:self.item.itemKey]; 5 6 self.imageVeiw.image = image; 7 // 退出UIImagePickerController 8 [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; 9 }
当用户每次获取到图片的时候,就会将其存入image store中。BNRImageStore和BNRItem类都知道图像的key,因此能通过两者来获取图片。
打开BNRItemStore.m,导入BNRImageStore的头文件,如下:
#import "BNRImageStore.h"
当删除一个item的时候,需要从image store 中删除其图像,修改removeItem:方法如下:
1 - (void)removeItem:(BNRItem *)item { 2 NSString *key = item.itemKey; 3 [[BNRImageStore sharedImage] deleteImageForKey:key]; 4 [self.privateItems removeObjectIdenticalTo:item]; 5 }
当图片第一次被创建的时候,它将存在于内存中特定的地址中。下一次程序启动的时候,图片在内存中的地址将会发生改变,因此不能通过指针来获取图片。
打开,BNRDetailViewController.m,在类扩展中添加UITextFieldDelegate协议,然后修改textFieldShouldReturn:方法,这样当输入结束时,点击return按钮可隐藏键盘。代码如下:
1 - (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField { 2 [textField resignFirstResponder]; 3 return YES; 4 }
为了让用户点击屏幕上的任何地方都能隐藏键盘,首先,打开BNRDetailViewController.xib,选中view视图,打开Attributes Inspector,将其class改为UIControl。
按住view,Control-drag到BNRDetailViewController.m文件的实现处,按下图构造一个action:
修改刚添加的action代码如下:
1 - (IBAction)backgroundTapped:(id)sender { 2 [self.view endEditing:YES]; 3 }
程序代码如下:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c00muxa
UIImagePickerController对象有一个mediaType属性,其为字符串数组,包含标识符,来说明可以选择哪种类型的media。默认只包含kUTTypeImage,可向其添加kUTTypeMovie,使UIImagePickerController能够选择视频。修改BNRDetailViewController.m的takePicture:方法,
1 - (IBAction)takePicture:(id)sender { 2 UIImagePickerController *imagePicker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init]; 3 NSArray *availableType = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]; 4 imagePicker.mediaTypes = availableType; 5 6 if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]) { 7 imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera; 8 } else { 9 imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary; 10 } 11 imagePicker.delegate = self; 12 [self presentViewController:imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil]; 13 }
真机测试结果如下:
次时在模拟器上测试会遇到会遇到NSInvalidArgumentException错误。只能在真机上测试。
如何免费设置真机调试,请参考下述连接的文章:http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-1061938.html
在真机上运行时,若出现Security的警告,则在iPhone的设置里面:Settings -> General -> Profiles,选择DEVELOPER APP下的开发者账号,之后选择Trust即可。