安装spam
spam（SpamAssassin）利用perl来进行文字分析，他会检测邮件的标题、内容、送信人，这样就可以过滤出垃圾邮件
1、安装spam。由于spam的依赖太多，用户一定要使用yum源来安装，这样减少不必要的麻烦
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[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep spamassassin
[root@localhost openwebmail]# yum install -y spamassassin
Complete!
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2、配置postfix使用spam功能，修改配置文件“/etc/postfix/master.cf”
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[root@localhost ~]# gedit /etc/postfix/master.cf
smtp inet n - n - - smtpd -o content_filter=spamassassin
spamassassin unix - n n - - pipe user=nobody argv=/usr/bin/spamc -f /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f $(sender) -- $(recipient) //追加到最后一行
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3、重启postfix
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[root@localhost openwebmail]# service postfix restart
关闭postfix： [确定]
启动postfix： [确定]
[root@localhost openwebmail]#
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4、启动spam服务
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[root@localhost ~]# service spamassassin start
启动spamassassin： [确定]
[root@localhost ~]#
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5、测试垃圾邮件。
1）spamassassin为我们提供了一个垃圾邮件的模板“sample-spam.txt”，我们可以使用此模板的内容来发送
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[root@localhost openwebmail]# cat /usr/share/doc/spamassassin-3.3.1/sample-spam.txt
Subject: Test spam mail (GTUBE)
Message-ID: <GTUBE1.1010101@example.net>
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2003 23:30:00 +0200
From: Sender <sender@example.net>
To: Recipient <recipient@example.net>
Precedence: junk
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
This is the GTUBE, the
Generic
Test for
Unsolicited
Bulk
Email
If your spam filter supports it, the GTUBE provides a test by which you
can verify that the filter is installed correctly and is detecting incoming
spam. You can send yourself a test mail containing the following string of
characters (in upper case and with no white spaces and line breaks):
XJS*C4JDBQADN1.NSBN3*2IDNEN*GTUBE-STANDARD-ANTI-UBE-TEST-EMAIL*C.34X //这就是垃圾邮件的内容
You should send this test mail from an account outside of your network.
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2）使用openwebmail发信
3）查看邮箱的日志文件。Spam采用积分制，默认超过5分就是垃圾邮件，而我们看到下面识别出的邮件是999分，很明显是垃圾邮件
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[root@localhost openwebmail]# cat /var/log/maillog
Aug 21 08:44:14 localhost spamd[6401]: spamd: failed to create readable default_prefs: //.spamassassin/user_prefs
Aug 21 08:44:14 localhost spamd[6401]: spamd: processing message <20180821004332.M42441@mailsrv.david.cn> for nobody:99
Aug 21 08:44:26 localhost spamd[6401]: spamd: identified spam (999.0/5.0) for nobody:99 in 12.5 seconds, 603 bytes.
Aug 21 08:44:26 localhost spamd[6401]: spamd:
result: Y 999 –
ALL_TRUSTED,GTUBE,TVD_SPACE_RATIO scantime=12.5,size=603,user=nobody,uid=99,required_score=5.0,rhost=localhost,raddr=127.0.0.1,
rport=33149,mid=<20180821004332.M42441@mailsrv.david.cn>,autolearn=no
Aug 21 08:44:26 localhost postfix/pipe[6443]: 3F2FD14141A: to=<david@mailsrv.david.cn>,
relay=spamassassin, delay=13, delays=0.06/0.03/0/12, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered via spamassassin service)
Aug 21 08:44:26 localhost postfix/qmgr[6368]: 3F2FD14141A: removed
Aug 21 08:44:26 localhost spamd[6399]: prefork: child states: II
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