FastDFS部署

1.分布式系统介绍

分布式文件系统

hdfsarchitecture.png

分布式文件系统与传统文件系统对比

1578904391@70d953c19f6f6c25594e736d0b37aea3.png

传统方式弊端

  • 如果用户数量多,IO操作比较多,对磁盘访问压力很大
  • 如果磁盘发生故障,会造成数据丢失
  • 存储容量有限

2.FastDFS介绍

FastDFS 架构

2.webp

Client

Tracker Server

Storage Server

Group

Metadata

3.FastDFS 存储策略

23.png

机器分布

3. 环境准备

服务器:CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
FastDFS下载地址:[https://github.com/happyfish100](https://github.com/happyfish100)
1.fastdfs
2.libfastcommon
3.fastdfs-nginx-module
4.nginx-1.18.0 

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1.安装前的准备

1.1 检查Linux上是否安装了 gcc、libevent、libevent-devel

yum list installed | grep gcc

yum list installed | grep libevent

yum list installed | grep libevent-devel

1.2如果没有安装,则需进行安装

yum install gcc libevent libevent-devel –y

1.3将下载好的 libfastcommon ,fastdfs, fastdfs-nginx-module, nginx-1.18.0 等文件使用工具上传到Linux服务器中(例如/usr/local/src)

安装ibfastcommon

# 解压下载下来的tar.gz压缩包到当前目录

tar -zxvf libfastcommon-1.0.36.tar.gz

# 切换到解压后的libfastcommon目录
cd libfastcommon-1.0.36

# 执行make脚本进行编译
./make.sh
# 注意:make编译的时候如果报错,需解决错误后再次进行make,通常发生错误是由于Linux缺少某些依赖库导致,根据错误提示解决错误

#执行make install进行安装
./make.sh install

安装FastDFS

# 解压下载下来的tar.gz压缩包到当前目录

tar -zxvf fastdfs-5.11.tar.gz

# 切换到解压后FastDFS的目录

cd fastdfs-5.11

# 执行make脚本进行编译

./make.sh

# 执行make install进行安装

./make.sh install

#至此FastDFS安装完成,所有编译出来的文件存放在/usr/bin目录下, 所有配置文件存放在/etc/fdfs目录下

查看安装后的效果

# 查看FastDFS相关的可执行程序
ll /usr/bin/fdfs*

[root@withlevi ~]# ll /usr/bin/fdfs*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  455560 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_append_file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  468952 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_appender_test
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  468784 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_appender_test1
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  452336 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_crc32
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  455584 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_delete_file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  456568 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_download_file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  456168 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_file_info
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  476728 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_monitor
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  455744 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_regenerate_filename
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1629192 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_storaged
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  478496 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_test
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  477816 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_test1
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  662632 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  456312 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_appender
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  457688 Dec 30 18:11 /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file

# /usr/bin是Linux的环境变量,可通过echo $PATH查看

查看FastDFS的配置文件

ll /etc/fdfs/

[root@withlevi ~]# ll /etc/fdfs/
total 72
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1909 Dec 30 20:29 client.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   965 Dec 30 18:14 http.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31172 Dec 30 18:14 mime.types
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3756 Dec 31 09:31 mod_fastdfs.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10250 Dec 30 21:23 storage.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   620 Dec 30 18:09 storage_ids.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  9138 Dec 30 18:23 tracker.conf

# 另外注意需要把解压后的fastdfs-5.11/conf目录下的两个文件拷贝到/etc/fdfs/ ,否则后续会有很多奇怪问题不好解决

# cp http.conf /etc/fdfs/

# cp mime.types /etc/fdfs/

FastDFS配置文件详解

client.conf.sample:客户端的配置文件,测试用
storage.conf.sample:存储器的配置文件
tracker.conf.sample:跟踪器的配置文件

编辑 tracker.conf 配置文件

# 拷贝文件 tracker.conf.sample 并重命名为 tracker.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
# 编辑 tracker.conf 配置文件
vim /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf

# 默认指向的FastDFS作者余庆的目录,因为在我们的机器上不存在,所有手动改一下

base_path=/opt/fastdfs/tracker #配置tracker存储数据的目录

# bind an address of this host
# empty for bind all addresses of this host
# 允许访问 tracker 服务器的 IP 地址,为空则表示不受限制
bind_addr =

# the tracker server port
# tracker 服务监听端口
port = 22122

# connect timeout in seconds
# default value is 30
# Note: in the intranet network (LAN), 2 seconds is enough.
connect_timeout = 5

# network timeout in seconds for send and recv
# default value is 30
network_timeout = 60

# the base path to store data and log files
# tracker 服务器的运行数据和日志的存储父路径(需要提前创建好 切记切记)
base_path = /opt/fastdfs/tracker

# max concurrent connections this server support
# you should set this parameter larger, eg. 10240
# default value is 256
max_connections = 1024

# accept thread count
# default value is 1 which is recommended
# since V4.07
accept_threads = 1

编辑 storage.conf 配置文件

# 拷贝文件 tracker.conf.sample 并重命名为 tracker.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
# 编辑 tracker.conf 配置文件
vi /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
# storage存储数据目录 一定要手动创建!!!!
base_path=/opt/fastdfs/storage  

# 真正存放文件的目录 一定要手动创建!!!!
store_path0=/opt/fastdfs/storage/files 

# 注册当前存储节点的跟踪器地址 可以改为自己的服务器ip
tracker_server=192.168.235.128:22122  

在Linux服务器上创建上面指定的目录

/opt/fastdfs/tracker

/opt/fastdfs/storage

/opt/fastdfs/storage/files

FastDFS重启与FastDFS关闭

FastDFS重启


重启tracker

fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf restart

重启storage

fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf restart

关闭tracker执行命令

# 在任意目录下执行:
fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf stop

关闭storage执行命令

#在任意目录下执行:
fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf stop

或者kill关闭fastdfs,但不建议在线上使用 kill -9 强制关闭,因为可能会导致文件信息不同步问题。

FastDFS测试

FastDFS安装完成之后,可以使用fdfs_test脚本测试文件上传。


测试之前,需要修改client.conf配置文件,修改两个配置

cd /etc/fdfs/

vim client.conf

base_path=/opt/fastdfs/client

tracker_server=192.168.179.128:22122
# 在/opt/fastdfs/目录下创建client

mkdir -p /opt/fastdfs/client

测试文件上传

准备需要上传的文件


[root@withlevi ~]# vim levi.txt
[root@withlevi ~]# fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload levi.txt

This is FastDFS client test program v6.07

Copyright (C) 2008, Happy Fish / YuQing

FastDFS may be copied only under the terms of the GNU General
Public License V3, which may be found in the FastDFS source kit.
Please visit the FastDFS Home Page http://www.fastken.com/
for more detail.

[2022-01-22 22:30:30] DEBUG - base_path=/opt/fastdfs/client, connect_timeout=5, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0, use_connection_pool=0, g_connection_pool_max_idle_time=3600s, use_storage_id=0, storage server id count: 0

tracker_query_storage_store_list_without_group:
	server 1. group_name=, ip_addr=47.94.41.166, port=23000

group_name=group1, ip_addr=47.94.41.166, port=23000
storage_upload_by_filename
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770.txt
source ip address: 47.94.41.166
file timestamp=2022-01-22 22:30:30
file size=49
file crc32=325983476
example file url: http://47.94.41.166/group1/M00/00/00/L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770.txt
storage_upload_slave_by_filename
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770_big.txt
source ip address: 47.94.41.166
file timestamp=2022-01-22 22:30:30
file size=49
file crc32=325983476
example file url: http://47.94.41.166/group1/M00/00/00/L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770_big.txt
[root@withlevi ~]#

切换到存储目录查看文件上传情况

[root@withlevi ~]# cd /opt/fastdfs/storage/files/data/00/00
[root@withlevi 00]# ls
L14ppmHNt9iAB-isAEDjYcGKVKU004.JPG        L14ppmHOZm-AB5qXAAAAMXE697s795.txt
L14ppmHNt9iAB-isAEDjYcGKVKU004.JPG-m      L14ppmHOZm-AB5qXAAAAMXE697s795.txt-m
L14ppmHNt9iAB-isAEDjYcGKVKU004_big.JPG    L14ppmHOmquAeSV2AFLl1Mib3u8860.MP4
L14ppmHNt9iAB-isAEDjYcGKVKU004_big.JPG-m  L14ppmHOmquAeSV2AFLl1Mib3u8860.MP4-m
L14ppmHNukOAelKJCbKFnorDROQ719.MP4        L14ppmHOnCWAQeMDAoZgN58pFDA765.MP4
L14ppmHNukOAelKJCbKFnorDROQ719.MP4-m      L14ppmHOnCWAQeMDAoZgN58pFDA765.MP4-m
L14ppmHNunqALviEAOLrkS2oe-A587.dmg        L14ppmHcQ5qAIZ_qAAAADdzq_m0512.txt
L14ppmHNunqALviEAOLrkS2oe-A587.dmg-m      L14ppmHcQ5qAIZ_qAAAADdzq_m0512.txt-m
L14ppmHNvIGAB2ssAAOeigwPYJ4967.zip        L14ppmHcQ5qAIZ_qAAAADdzq_m0512_big.txt
L14ppmHNvIGAB2ssAAOeigwPYJ4967.zip-m      L14ppmHcQ5qAIZ_qAAAADdzq_m0512_big.txt-m
L14ppmHOZgqAIVpGAEDjYcGKVKU626.JPG        L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770.txt
L14ppmHOZgqAIVpGAEDjYcGKVKU626.JPG-m      L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770.txt-m
L14ppmHOZgqAIVpGAEDjYcGKVKU626_big.JPG    L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770_big.txt
L14ppmHOZgqAIVpGAEDjYcGKVKU626_big.JPG-m  L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770_big.txt-m

FastDFS生成的文件目录结构及名称示例

fastdfs.png

测试文件删除

# fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/要删除的文件路径

fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/L14ppmHsFQaAeE8QAAAAMRNuHPQ770.txt-m

注意

● 没有搭建集群默认只有一个组group1

● 后缀名包含-m的为属性文件(meta)

● 在Linux中并没有磁盘一说,是虚拟的

分布式文件系统FastDFS的HTTP访问

前期准备工作

# 1. 将Fastdfs的Nginx扩展模块源代码上传到Linux上

# 2. 解压下载下来的fastdfs-nginx-module-master.zip 文件

unzip fastdfs-nginx-module-master.zip

安装Nginx并且添加fastDFS模块

因为这个模块必须在Nginx的安装的过程中才能添加,所有我们需要重新安装一个nginx,为了和原来已安装的Nginx进行区分,我们把新安装的Nginx取名为nginx_fdfs
# 1. 将Nginx的tar包上传到Linux上

# 2. 解压上传的Nginx文件

# 3. 切换至解压后的Nginx主目录,执行配置操作
cd nginx-1.14.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_fdfs --add-module=/home/soft/fastdfs-nginx-module-master/src

# • prefix是指定nginx安装路径

# • add-module指定fastDFS的nginx模块的源代码路径

# 执行命令进行编译
make

# 执行命令进行安装

make install
# 以上安装Nginx的FastDFS扩展模块注意事项

#我们知道,Nginx的安装需要Linux安装相关的几个库,否则编译会出现错误,这几个库分别是:

# gcc编译器是否安装

# 检查是否安装:
yum list installed | grep gcc

# 执行安装:
yum install gcc -y

# openssl库是否安装

# 检查是否安装:
yum list installed | grep openssl

#执行安装:
yum install openssl openssl-devel -y

#pcre库是否安装

#检查是否安装:
yum list installed | grep pcre

#执行安装:
yum install pcre pcre-devel -y

#zlib库是否安装

#检查是否安装:
yum list installed | grep zlib

#执行安装:
yum install zlib zlib-devel -y

yum install gcc openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel –y

FastDFS的Nginx访问配置

# 将/home/soft/fastdfs-nginx-module-master/src(自己实际存放Nginx扩展模块的目录)目录下的mod_fastdfs.conf文件拷贝到 /etc/fdfs/目录下,这样才能正常启动Nginx

cp /home/soft/fastdfs-nginx-module-master/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/

# 修改mod_fastdfs.conf配置文件

base_path=/opt/fastdfs/nginx_mod

tracker_server=192.168.235.128:22122  #可以添加自己的服务器ip地址

url_have_group_name = true

store_path0=/opt/fastdfs/storage/files

# 在/opt/fastdfs/目录下创建nginx_mod目录

mkdir -p /opt/fastdfs/nginx_mod

# 配置Nginx的配置文件

# #拦截请求路径中包含 /group[1-9]/M0[0-9] 的请求,用 fastdfs的Nginx 模块进行转发

location ~ /group[1-9]/M0[0-9] {	
     ngx_fastdfs_module;  
}

# ngx_fastdfs_module; #这个指令不是Nginx本身提供的,是扩展模块提供的,根据这个指令找到FastDFS提供的Nginx模块配置文件,然后找到Tracker,最终找到Stroager。

FastDFS的Nginx访问启动与测试

# 1. 测试带有Fastdfs模块的Nginx
[root@withlevi ~]# /usr/local/nginx_fdfs/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx_fdfs/conf/nginx.conf -t
ngx_http_fastdfs_set pid=14496
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx_fdfs/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx_fdfs/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

#2. 启动带有Fastdfs模块的Nginx
/usr/local/nginx_fdfs/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx_fdfs/conf/nginx.conf

重启或启动FastDFS服务进程

fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf restart

fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf restart
posted @ 2022-01-22 23:25  withLevi  阅读(825)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报