linux搭建网站

CentOS

1.安装

yum -y install nginx

*或者安装指定版本，版本网址：http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/

rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1.10.3-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
#安装rpm：sudo apt-get install rpm

配置文件

vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

其他步骤参考下面debian的

debian

1.安装nginx

apt-get install nginx

设置开机启动：

systemctl enable nginx

2.上传网页文件

默认网页地址（可在配置文件中查看 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default）：/var/www/html

将网站文件上传到目录

可使用 vsftpd

zip解压命令

unzip ***.zip

3.配置https

1）申请ssl证书（本人推荐阿里云直接生成，可跳过此步骤）

安装EPEL：

yum -y install epel-release

安装certbot用于签发SSL证书：

yum -y install certbot

申请SSL证书：

certbot certonly --standalone -d example.com

这里的example.com替换成你的域名

如果申请成功，证书和私钥路径如下：

/etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem

/etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem

2）编辑配置文件：（Debian 9 VIM 使用鼠标右键复制）

vi /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

添加：

        listen 443 ssl default_server;
        listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;

        ssl_certificate    /etc/nginx/ssl_certs/***.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key    /etc/nginx/ssl_certs/***.key;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
        ssl_session_timeout 10m;
        error_page 497  https://$host$request_uri;

http 跳转 https ：

if ($scheme = http ) {return 301 https://$host$request_uri;}

使用301跳转比rewrite性能更高，原因在于rewrite使用正则表达式

完整配置文件示例：

server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server;
        
        # SSL configuration
        listen 443 ssl default_server;
        listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;

        ssl_certificate    /etc/nginx/ssl_certs/jingdesign.top.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key    /etc/nginx/ssl_certs/jingdesign.top.key;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
        ssl_session_timeout 10m;
        error_page 497  https://$host$request_uri;

        root /var/www/html;
        server_name $host$;
        
        # https jump
        if ($scheme = http ) {return 301 https://$host$request_uri;}

        location / {
                # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
                index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
        }
}