Ubuntu18.04 安装Docker

Ubuntu18.04 安装Docker

卸载（如果默认有装Docker）

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

安装Docker

sudo apt-get update
# 安装依赖包
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common
# 添加 Docker 的官方 GPG 密钥
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# 验证您现在是否拥有带有指纹的密钥
sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
# 设置稳定版仓库
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

更换镜像源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak # 备份原先的
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list 
# 把内容替换如下
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic stable

# 然后
sudo apt-get update

安装 Docker Engine-Community

# 更新
$ sudo apt-get update
# 安装最新的Docker-ce 
sudo apt-get install docker-ce
# 启动
sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker

测试

sudo docker run hello-world

从阿里云拉一个Nginx镜像

# 阿里云有配置加速器教程，根据自己的系统选择 => https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-hangzhou/instances/mirrors

# 拉取镜像
sudo docker pull nginx:1.18

# 查看镜像
sudo docker images 

# 查看镜像配置相关信息
sudo docker inspect nginx:1.18

# 运行镜像（80是运行容器的端口映射到本机9911端口）
sudo docker run -id --name myNginx -p 9911:80 nginx:1.18 

# 查看运行的容器
sudo docker ps 

# 查看运行容器的IP地址
sudo docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' myNginx

# 进入正在运行的nginx容器
sudo docker exec -it 48faa82fe55a /bin/bash

# 因为该nginx镜像没有打包ps命令，给它安装上
apt-get update && apt-get install vim 

# 修改nginx配置
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 

# 查看nginx运行状态
service nginx status 

然后通过 http:127.0.0.1:9911 就可以访问到Nginx默认页面了

删除镜像

sudo docker rmi hello-world
# 会出现提示 Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference "hello-world" (must force) - container 66bc13df2834 is using its referenced image bf756fb1ae65

# 因为会存在多个容器占用同一个镜像的问题，请重复删除即可
sudo docker rm 66bc13df2834

# 再执行删除即可成功删除镜像
sudo docker rmi hello-world