linux安装vm tools
Linux VMware Tools安装步骤简易版Linux VMware Tools安装估计有点困难，我也在网上看了好多版本的Linux安装VMware Tools，方法都一样。但是自己在安装过程中，还是遇到了点问题。但是最终还是搞定。我运行的是VMware workstation 8.0.4 , OS: CentOS 6.0 1. 在CD-ROM虚拟光驱中选择使用ISO镜像，找到VMWARE TOOLS 安装文件，如C:\program\VMware\VMware Workstation\Programs\linux.iso 当然这个ISO是你安装VMware workstation 的目录下的Linux.iso，不是你的Linux OS 镜像文件。VMware Tools一般都在这个文件里。 2. 以管理员身份进入Linux，root账号 3. 退出到windows,在虚拟机菜单栏中点击 虚拟机-> 安装 VMWARE TOOLS 子菜单,会弹出对话框，点击"确认" 安装4. 挂载光驱：Mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt 加载CDROM设备，这是如果进入/mnt 目录下，你会发现一个文件： VMwareTools-8.8.4-743747.tar.gz 这个就死VMware Tools的Linux软件包，也是我们刚才使用的WinISO打开的Liunx.ISO 有的虚拟机上估计执行mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom 如果提示如下错误，挂载点不存在。，[root@localhost /]#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom mount: mount point /mnt/cdrom dose not exist 请直接执行此命令： mount /dev/cdrom /opt cd /opt或者应该可以使用自动挂载，直接进入 cd /misc/cd 5. copy 此文件到临时文件夹 cp /mnt/mVMwareTools-8.8.4-743747.tar.gz /tmp 6. 卸载CDROM，执行 umount /dev/cdrom 7. 进入tmp文件目录并解压此文件包 cd /tmp tar zxf vmware-linux-tools.tar.gz 解压默认到vmware-tools-distrib目录下：此时你可以使用ls -ll 查看文件夹下的文件 8. 进入vmware-tools-distrib，安装vmware tools. ./vmware-install.pl 执行安装， 安装过程中他会一步一步的有问题回应，此过程中，你遇到后面显示[yes],[no],[yes][no]的直接输入yes，然后回车。其他的问题不管[]里面是什么，直接回车就好了，不要输入。 9. 大约5分钟左右安装完成。 执行init 6重启ok。 Linux VMware Tools安装步骤图文版，大家可以参考下 操作过程如下： [root@localhost ~]# cd /[root@localhost /]# lsbin dev home lost+found misc net proc sbin srv tftpboot usrboot etc lib media mnt opt root selinux sys tmp var[root@localhost /]# cd /media[root@localhost media]# lsVMware Tools[root@localhost media]# cd VMware\ Tools/[root@localhost VMware Tools]# lsmanifest.txt VMwareTools-8.1.3-203739.tar.gz[root@localhost VMware Tools]# cp VMwareTools-8.1.3-203739.tar.gz /tmp[root@localhost VMware Tools]# cd /tmp[root@localhost tmp]# lsgconfd-root scim-helper-manager-socket-rootkeyring-lbbFvv scim-panel-socket:0-rootmapping-root scim-socket-frontend-rootorbit-root ssh-FmnVlj2751scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-0@localhost:0.0 virtual-root.ZxmHUVscim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-0@localhost:0.0 VMwareTools-8.1.3-203739.tar.gz[root@localhost tmp]# tar -zxf VMwareTools-8.1.3-203739.tar.gz [root@localhost tmp]# lsgconfd-root scim-panel-socket:0-rootkeyring-lbbFvv scim-socket-frontend-rootmapping-root ssh-FmnVlj2751orbit-root virtual-root.ZxmHUVscim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-0@localhost:0.0 VMwareTools-8.1.3-203739.tar.gzscim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-0@localhost:0.0 vmware-tools-distribscim-helper-manager-socket-root[root@localhost tmp]# cd vmware-tools-distrib/[root@localhost vmware-tools-distrib]# lsbin doc etc FILES INSTALL installer lib vmware-install.pl[root@localhost vmware-tools-distrib]# ./vmware-install.pl Creating a new VMware Tools installer database using the tar4 format.Installing VMware Tools.In which directory do you want to install the binary files? [/usr/bin] yes The path "yes" is a relative path. Please enter an absolute path.In which directory do you want to install the binary files? [/usr/bin] What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)? [/etc/rc.d] What is the directory that contains the init scripts? [/etc/rc.d/init.d] In which directory do you want to install the daemon files? [/usr/sbin] In which directory do you want to install the library files? [/usr/lib/vmware-tools] The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?[yes] yes In which directory do you want to install the documentation files? [/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools] The path "yes" is a relative path. Please enter an absolute path.In which directory do you want to install the documentation files? [/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools] The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want? [yes] The installation of VMware Tools 8.1.3 build-203739 for Linux completed successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes] Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:Guest operating system daemon: [确定]Virtual Printing daemon: [确定]Unmounting HGFS shares: [确定]Guest filesystem driver: [确定]Found a compatible pre-built module for vmmemctl. Installing it...Found a compatible pre-built module for vmhgfs. Installing it...Found a compatible pre-built module for vmxnet. Installing it...Found a compatible pre-built module for vmblock. Installing it...[EXPERIMENTAL] The VMware FileSystem Sync Driver (vmsync) is a new feature thatcreates backups of virtual machines. Please refer to the VMware Knowledge Base for more details on this capability. Do you wish to enable this feature? [no] Found a compatible pre-built module for vmci. Installing it...Found a compatible pre-built module for vsock. Installing it...Found a compatible pre-built module for vmxnet3. Installing it...Found a compatible pre-built module for pvscsi. Installing it...Detected X.org version 7.1.Host resolution detected as "1440 x 900".Please choose one of the following display sizes that X will start with:[1] "320x200"[2] "320x240"[3] "400x300"[4] "512x384"[5] "640x400"[6] "640x480"[7] "720x480"[8] "800x480"[9] "854x480"[10] "720x576"[11] "800x600"[12] "1024x768"[13] "1280x720"[14] "1280x768"[15] "1152x864"[16] "1280x800"[17]< "1366x768"Please enter a number between 1 and 17:[17] 12 X Window System Version 7.1.1Release Date: 12 May 2006X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.18-128.1.16.el5 i686 Red Hat, Inc.Current Operating System: Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:54 EDT 2009 i686Build Date: 22 July 2009Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.1.1-48.67.el5 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.orgto make sure that you have the latest version.Module Loader presentMarkers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.(++) Log file: "/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86ConfigLog.16172", Time: Thu Apr 1 02:40:28 2010(++) Using config file: "/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86Config.16172"The XKEYBOARD keymap compiler (xkbcomp) reports:> Warning: Multiple symbols for level 1/group 1 on key <I5F>> Using XF86Sleep, ignoring XF86Standby> Warning: Symbol map for key <I5F> redefined> Using last definition for conflicting fieldsErrors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X serverX is running fine with the new config file.FreeFontPath: FPE "unix/:7100" refcount is 2, should be 1; fixing.Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.Starting VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:Switching to guest configuration: [确定]Paravirtual SCSI module: [确定]Guest filesystem driver: [确定]Mounting HGFS shares: [失败]Guest memory manager: [确定]Guest vmxnet fast network device: [确定]VM communication interface: [确定]VM communication interface socket family: [确定]Blocking file system: [确定]File system sync driver: [确定]Guest operating system daemon: [确定]Virtual Printing daemon: [确定]The configuration of VMware Tools 8.1.3 build-203739 for Linux for this runningkernel completed successfully.You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take effect.You can now run VMware Tools by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox" during an X server session.To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user2. Log out and log back into your desktop session; and,3. Restart your X session.To use the vmxnet driver, restart networking using the following commands: /etc/init.d/network stoprmmod pcnet32rmmod vmxnetmodprobe vmxnet/etc/init.d/network startEnjoy,--the VMware teamFound VMware Tools CDROM mounted at /media/VMware Tools. Ejecting device /dev/hdc ...[root@localhost vmware-tools-distrib]#
一、安装VMtools
点击VMware菜单的——虚拟机——安装VMwareTools，在弹出的对话框中选择“安装”。这时，在Ubuntu下会自动加载Linux版的VMwareTools的安装光盘镜像。你会看到虚拟机的桌面上出现了一个名为VMwareTools的光盘图标，并且被自动打开。其中包括VMwareTools-5.3.3-34685-i386.rpm和VMwareTools-5.3.3-34685.tar.gz两个文件。
.rpm文件是给Red Hat准备的，我们只需要.tar.gz的那个，并把它拷贝到一个文件夹中（因为光驱是不可写的）。
$ tar zxf VMwareTools-5.3.3-34685.tar.gz（回车后系统会把那个.tar.gz文件解压缩）
$ cd vmware-tools-distrib（回车后目录将转换到解压缩后的那个文件夹）
$ sudo ./vmware-install.pl（回车后会提示输入你的密码，表明你将以更高级权限执行一个动作——安装软件；再次回车后安装开始）
经过一番确认回车后（相当于在Windows里安装软件时所填答的诸多对话框，我们这里均采用缺省设置），直到最后出现“Enjoy——the VMware team”的字样后，VMwareTools终于安装完成了。
如果你使用的是VMware Workstation 6.0.0，现在你应该已经能看到VMwareTools安装后的效果了：鼠标再也不需要用Ctrl+Alt切换于虚拟与现实之间，一切过渡得那么自然；虚拟机的分辨率也能依窗口的大小来自动适应，一切显得那样和谐。但我们这里使用的是VMware Workstation 5.5.3，所以暂时你还看不到什么，让我们来做一下最后的设置吧。
在VMware Workstation 5.5.3里，Ubuntu下的VMware Tools安装之后是要靠手动执行/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox才能显示出效果的。你可以通过在终端中输入如下命令来运行它：
$ /usr/bin/vmware-toolbox
但如果你嫌麻烦，我们就需要让vmware-toolbox实现开机自动运行。点击Ubuntu菜单：System——首选项——会话——StartupPrograms，Add一个Name叫“vmware-toolbox”，Command是“/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox”的启动程序。这样每次开机后就能自动运行VMwareTools了。重启Ubuntu看看效果吧！（注意：vmware-toolbox并不是在后台隐藏运行的，启动后不要关闭）
25.PNG
VMware Tools固然是个好东西，但也有副作用，比如说：虚拟机中的鼠标的滚轮不好使了。我们这样解决这个问题，还是打开终端，输入：
$ sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
这个命令使系统以root权限打开鼠标配置文件/etc/X11/xorg.conf。把文件中的
Option “Protocol” “ps/2”
改成
Option “Protocol” “IMPS/2”
重启Ubuntu搞定。
二、设置分辨率：
1、cd /usr/bin
使用此命令,进入/usr/bin目录；
2、ls *.pl
使用此命令,查找vmware-config-tools.pl文件；
3、./vmware-config-tools.pl
运行vmware-config-tools.pl文件；
4、设置分辨率
输入相应的数字回车即可，感觉设置的与原系统一样就可以了；
5、重启虚拟机。
三、压缩虚拟机空间
虚拟机随着使用，空间会越来越大，而且就算删掉了其中的文件，空间也不会减少，可以用vmware tools 的shrink， 执行 vmware-toolbox，然后用shrink进行压缩就可以了，效果挺不错的，不过时间有点长。
