windows下anaconda安装

本来安装了miniconda,但是发现打开PowerShell后指令前没有(base),就卸载了,打算安装anaconda。

关于anaconda与python版本对应问题
安装anaconda后,其会在他的环境之下安装对应版本的python,所以不同担心。至于不使用conda环境时,cmd会运行哪个python,与环境变量中原先python和conda那个在前面有关系。

关于conda安装步骤

  1. 安装包下载

可以在官网上下载:官网
官网下载速度较慢,可以使用清华大学开源软件镜像站下载:镜像站
下载最新的就好。

  1. 下载好后点击exe安装

我的选择是:
Install for: All Users
Destination Folder:D:\Anaconda3
Advanced Options: Add Anaconda3 to system PATH(无法选则); Register Anaconda3 as the system Python 3.9(选择)

  1. 添加环境变量

添加的环境变量

打开cmd,验证conda版本:

C:\Users\ASUS>conda --version
conda 22.9.0

验证是否有conda的python:

C:\Users\ASUS>where python
D:\Anaconda3\python.exe
C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\python.exe

查看conda具体信息:

C:\Users\ASUS>conda info

     active environment : None
       user config file : C:\Users\ASUS\.condarc
 populated config files :
          conda version : 22.9.0
    conda-build version : 3.22.0
         python version : 3.9.13.final.0
       virtual packages : __cuda=12.0=0
                          __win=0=0
                          __archspec=1=x86_64
       base environment : D:\Anaconda3  (read only)
      conda av data dir : D:\Anaconda3\etc\conda
  conda av metadata url : None
           channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
          package cache : D:\Anaconda3\pkgs
                          C:\Users\ASUS\.conda\pkgs
                          C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
       envs directories : C:\Users\ASUS\.conda\envs
                          D:\Anaconda3\envs
                          C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
               platform : win-64
             user-agent : conda/22.9.0 requests/2.28.1 CPython/3.9.13 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.19044
          administrator : False
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False

在cmd里输入以下命令设置清华镜像

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/

打开Anaconda Navigator (点击windows键,输入此名称并打开):

经过一大会儿的等待,出现这个界面,说明正常。这里有个对话框,询问是否更新,我选择了yes。然后又更新了不短时间。

conda的使用

因为我在学李沐的深度学习电子书,因此就按照那上面的教程使用了
激活PowerShell

PS E:\study\deapLearning\d2l-zh> conda init powershell
ERROR during elevated execution.
  rc: [WinError 0] 操作成功完成。
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\conda.exe
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\conda-env.exe
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\conda-script.py
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\conda-env-script.py
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\conda.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Library\bin\conda.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\_conda_activate.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\rename_tmp.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\conda_auto_activate.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\conda_hook.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\activate.bat
no change     D:\Anaconda3\condabin\deactivate.bat
needs sudo    D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate
needs sudo    D:\Anaconda3\Scripts\deactivate
needs sudo    D:\Anaconda3\etc\profile.d\conda.sh
needs sudo    D:\Anaconda3\etc\fish\conf.d\conda.fish
no change     D:\Anaconda3\shell\condabin\Conda.psm1
needs sudo    D:\Anaconda3\shell\condabin\conda-hook.ps1
no change     D:\Anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\xontrib\conda.xsh
needs sudo    D:\Anaconda3\etc\profile.d\conda.csh
modified      C:\Users\ASUS\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\profile.ps1

==> For changes to take effect, close and re-open your current shell. <==

Operation failed.

再次打开PowerShell,命令前出现base:

(base) PS E:\study\deapLearning\d2l-zh>

创建d2l环境:

(base) PS E:\study\deapLearning\d2l-zh> conda create --name d2l python=3.8 -y
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): /

一段时间后:

done
#
# To activate this environment, use
#
#     $ conda activate d2l
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
#     $ conda deactivate

Retrieving notices: ...working... done

安装pytorch和d2l包

pip install torch
pip install torchvision
pip install d2l

我先前就已经下载了D2L Notebook,因此直接在目录下jupyter notebook运行。大功告成!


本文参考了以下文章,在此表示感谢:
Anaconda安装与Python环境搭建(不看后悔版)
python与anaconda区别及先后安装的问题

posted @ 2022-11-08 12:45  white514  阅读(1827)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报