MySQL的备份

MySQL的备份

开启MySQL的log_bin

执行查看mysqllog_bin状态

 

> show variables like 'log_bin%';

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+

| Variable_name                   | Value                          |

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+

| log_bin                         | OFF                             |

| log_bin_basename                |                           |

| log_bin_index                   |                            |

| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF                            |

| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF                            |

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+

 

开启log_bin日志

      打开mysql配置文件:

    root@ubuntu:~# vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

  开启log_bin日志

    server-id               = 1

    log_bin                 = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log

  server-id表示单个结点的id,这里由于只有一个结点,所以可以把id随机指定为一个数,这里将id设置成1。若集群中有多个结点,则id不能相同。

  第二句是指定binlog日志文件的名字为mysql-bin,以及其存储路径。

重启MySQL:

          service mysql restart

重新查看log_bin状态:

> show variables like 'log_bin%';

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+

| Variable_name                   | Value                          |

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+

| log_bin                         | ON                             |    # log_bin日志开启

| log_bin_basename                | /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin       |

| log_bin_index                   | /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.index |

| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF                            |

| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF                            |

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+

log_bin日志操作的常用命令

查看日志文件:

> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000003 |      154 |              |                  |                   |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

创建新的日志文件:

 

> flush logs;    # 创建一个新的日志文件用于记录

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| mysql-bin.000004 |      154 |              |                  |                   |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

 

查看日志文件个数:

> show binary logs;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name         | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 |       177 |

| mysql-bin.000002 |       177 |

| mysql-bin.000003 |       201 |

| mysql-bin.000004 |       154 |

+------------------+-----------+

重置日志文件:

> reset master;    # 重置日志文件后,日志文件恢复为最初的一个

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

> show binary logs;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name         | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 |       154 |

+------------------+-----------+

MySQL数据的备份与恢复(通过log_bin日志)

  向mydb数据库的stu表中插入数据:

> insert into stu values(1, '张三'),

    -> (2, '李四');

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

查看log_bin日志文件

  因为log_bin日志文件是二进制文件,普通方式打开会乱码,用mysql自带的mysqlbinlog命令打开。重定向到more分页显示。

    root@ubuntu:/var/log/mysql#mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000001 | more

  解码查看日志文件

    root@ubuntu:/var/log/mysql# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=decode-rows -v mysql-bin.000001    # 日志文件中记录着增删改的操作

备份mydb数据库:

  root@ubuntu:~# mysqldump -u root -p mydb>mydb.sql

# 继续增删改操作:

> insert into stu values(3, '王舞');    # 增

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

> update stu set name='张三2' where id=1;    # 改

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

# 误操作删库:

> delete from stu;

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)

# 先通过导入备份数据恢复到最近一次备份的时候的数据:

root@ubuntu:~# mysql -u root -p mydb<mydb.sql    # 恢复最近的备份数据

> select * from stu;    # 恢复了最近的备份数据

+----+--------+

| id | name   |

+----+--------+

|  1 | 张三   |

|  2 | 李四   |

+----+--------+

然后再备份log_bin日志:

  root@ubuntu:/var/log/mysql# mysqlbinlog --stop-position=882 mysql-bin.000003 | mysql -u root -p    # 备份log_bin日志,停止点在删除前的位置点882

> select * from stu;    # 数据库备份后执行的增、改操作的内容恢复

+----+---------+

| id | name    |

+----+---------+

|  1 | 张三2   |

|  2 | 李四    |

|  3 | 王舞    |

+----+---------+
posted @ 2018-12-13 11:05  从python开始  阅读(182)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报